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    The Population Genetics of Evolutionary Rescue in Diploids: X Chromosomal versus Autosomal Rescue

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    Embargo until 2021-01-15 (1.306Mb)
    Issue Date
    2020-01-15
    Author
    Unckless, Robert L.
    Orr, H. Allen
    Publisher
    University of Chicago Press
    Type
    Article
    Article Version
    Scholarly/refereed, publisher version
    Rights
    © 2020 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.
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    Abstract
    Most population genetic theory assumes that populations adapt to an environmental change without a change in population size. However, environmental changes might be so severe that populations decline in size and, without adaptation, become extinct. This “evolutionary rescue” scenario differs from traditional models of adaptation in that rescue involves a race between adaptation and extinction. While most previous work has usually focused on models of evolutionary rescue in haploids, here we consider diploids. In many species, diploidy introduces a novel feature into adaptation: adaptive evolution might occur either on sex chromosomes or on autosomes. Previous studies of nonrescue adaptation revealed that the relative rates of adaptation on the X chromosome versus autosomes depend on the dominance of beneficial mutations, reflecting differences in effective population size and the efficacy of selection. Here, we extend these results to evolutionary rescue and find that, given equal-sized chromosomes, there is greater parameter space in which the X is more likely to contribute to adaptation than the autosomes relative to standard nonrescue models. We also discuss how subtle effects of dominance can increase the chance of evolutionary rescue in diploids when absolute heterozygote fitness is close to 1. These effects do not arise in standard nonrescue models.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30781
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1086/707139
    Collections
    • Molecular Biosciences Scholarly Works [526]
    Citation
    Unckless, R. L., & Orr, H. A. (2020). The Population Genetics of Evolutionary Rescue in Diploids: X Chromosomal versus Autosomal Rescue. The American naturalist, 195(3), 561–568. https://doi.org/10.1086/707139

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    Contact KU ScholarWorks
    785-864-8983
    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    785-864-8983

    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    Image Credits
     

     

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