Applied Behavioral Science: Recent submissions
Now showing items 81-100 of 264
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An Investigation into Predictors of Competitive Success in a Large-Scale Group Foraging Task
(University of Kansas, 2016-08-31)Ideal Free Distribution Theory (IFD) (Fretwell & Lucas, 1970) suggests that the allocation of organisms to two or more resource sites is a function of the available resources at each site. Experimental arrangements involving ... -
The Effects of Positive-Interactions Staff Training on the Behavior of Staff and Clients during Small Groups in a Center-Based Program of Adult Day Services
(University of Kansas, 2016-08-31)The current study evaluated the effects of positive-interactions training on the extent to which staff had positive interactions with their small groups of clients with severe and/or multiple intellectual and developmental ... -
An Evaluation of the Effects of Social Interaction on Preference and Response Allocation
(University of Kansas, 2016-08-31)Stimulus preference assessment (SPAs) have been successful for determining preferred stimuli and activities to be used as reinforcers (Hagopian, Long, & Rush, 2004). One variable that may influence the outcomes of SPAs is ... -
An Initial Investigation of Tanning-Related Cues and the Effect on Demand and Craving for Ultra-Violet Indoor Tanning
(University of Kansas, 2016-08-31)Melanoma and other skin cancers have become the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the United States. Despite the well-established link between skin cancer and ultra-violet indoor tanning (UVIT), approximately 30 million ... -
The role of cerebellar circuitry alterations in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders
(Frontiers Media, 2016-09-01)The cerebellum has been repeatedly implicated in gene expression, rodent model and post-mortem studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). How cellular and molecular anomalies of the cerebellum relate to clinical manifestations ... -
Feedforward and Feedback Motor Control Abnormalities Implicate Cerebellar Dysfunctions in Autism Spectrum Disorder
(Society for Neuroscience, 2015-02-04)Sensorimotor abnormalities are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and among the earliest manifestations of the disorder. They have been studied far less than the social-communication and cognitive deficits that define ... -
Staff Consistency of the Implementation of a Token Economy in a Juvenile Detention Center
(University of Kansas, 2016-05-31)Approximately 318,000 juveniles are admitted to juvenile detention facilities each year. The future of these juveniles may be greatly influences by staff behavior. The purpose of this research was to develop a consistent ... -
Neurobehavioral Abnormalities in Firest-Degree Relative of Individuals With Autism
(American Medical Association, 2010-08)CONTEXT: Studying sensorimotor and neurocognitive impairments in unaffected family members of individuals with autism may help identify familial pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the disorder. OBJECTIVE: To ... -
Longitudinal Study of Amygdala Volume and Joint Attention in 2- to 4-Year-Old Children With Autism
(American Medical Association, 2009-05)CONTEXT: Cerebral cortical volume enlargement has been reported in 2- to 4-year-olds with autism. Little is known about the volume of subregions during this period of development. The amygdala is hypothesized to be abnormal ... -
Pediatric weight management interventions in primary care settings: A meta-analysis
(American Psychological Association, 2016-07)Objective: Although the primary care setting has been recommended as an acceptable environment for pediatric overweight/obesity treatment, a quantitative analysis has not been conducted to determine the effectiveness of ... -
Change in health-related quality of life in the context of pediatric obesity interventions: A meta-analytic review.
(American Psychological Association, 2016-10)Objective: To quantitatively characterize change in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the context of behavioral (n = 16), surgical (n = 5), and pharmacological (n = 1) interventions for pediatric overweight and ... -
Pilot Testing an Online and Face-to-Face Self-Advocacy Skills Training Program for Negotiating Classroom Accommodations
(University of Kansas, 2015-12-31)This study’s purpose was to pilot test the Access to Success online self-advocacy skills tutorial. The Access to Success tutorial was implemented with four community college students and targeted their ability to negotiate ... -
Sensorimotor dysfunctions as primary features of autism spectrum disorders
(SpringerOpen, 2015-10)Motor impairments in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have received far less research attention than core social-communication and cognitive features. Yet, behavioral, neurophysiological, neuroimaging and histopathological ... -
Saccade Adaptation Abnormalities Implicate Dysfunction of Cerebellar-Dependent Learning Mechanisms in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)
(Public Library of Science, 2013-05-21)The cerebellar vermis (lobules VI-VII) has been implicated in both postmortem and neuroimaging studies of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This region maintains the consistent accuracy of saccadic eye movements and plays ... -
Resting state EEG abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders
(BioMed Central, 2013-09-13)Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of complex and heterogeneous developmental disorders involving multiple neural system dysfunctions. In an effort to understand neurophysiological substrates, identify ... -
Saccadic eye movement abnormalities in autism spectrum disorder indicate dysfunctions in cerebellum and brainstem
(BioMed Central, 2014-08-28) -
Impaired Brain Dopamine and Serotonin Release and Uptake in Wistar Rats Following Treatment with Carbotplatin
(American Chemical Society, 2015-06-15)Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment, known also as “chemobrain”, is a medical complication of cancer treatment that is characterized by a general decline in cognition affecting visual and verbal memory, attention, ... -
TWO STEPS FORWARD ONE STEP BACK? DELAY DISCOUNTING OF MONEY AND RUNNING IN MARATHON RUNNERS
(University of Kansas, 2015-12-31)Delay discounting and physical exercise tend to be independently explored, despite the increasing role of both areas within substance abuse research. Delay discounting is primarily used to uncover addiction related phenomena, ... -
Resurgence of lever pressing during a DRO challenge
(University of Kansas, 2015-12-31)The purpose of the present study was to experimentally investigate the effects of differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) on potential resurgence of a previously reinforced response. During Phase 1, rats’ left ... -
Using Crowdsourcing to Examine Relations Between Delay and Probability Discounting
(Elsevier, 2016-01-29)Although the extensive lines of research on delay and/or probability discounting have greatly expanded our understanding of human decision-making processes, the relation between these two phenomena remains unclear. For ...