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    Neurobehavioral Abnormalities in Firest-Degree Relative of Individuals With Autism

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    Mosconi_2010.pdf (342.9Kb)
    Issue Date
    2010-08
    Author
    Mosconi, Matthew W.
    Kay, Margaret
    D'Cruz, Anna-Maria
    Guter, Stephen
    Kapur, Kush
    Macmillan, Carol
    Stanford, Lisa D.
    Sweeney, John A.
    Publisher
    American Medical Association
    Type
    Article
    Article Version
    Scholarly/refereed, publisher version
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    CONTEXT: Studying sensorimotor and neurocognitive impairments in unaffected family members of individuals with autism may help identify familial pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the disorder. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether atypical sensorimotor or neurocognitive characteristics associated with autism are present in first-degree relatives of individuals with autism. DESIGN: Case-control comparison of neurobehavioral functions. SETTING: University medical center. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-seven first-degree relatives of individuals with autism and 40 age-, sex-, and IQ-matched healthy control participants (aged 8-54 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Oculomotor tests of sensorimotor responses (saccades and smooth pursuit); procedural learning and response inhibition; neuropsychological tests of motor, memory, and executive functions; and psychological measures of social behavior, communication skills, and obsessive-compulsive behaviors. RESULTS: On eye movement testing, family members demonstrated saccadic hypometria, reduced steady-state pursuit gain, and a higher rate of voluntary response inhibition errors relative to controls. They also showed lateralized deficits in procedural learning and open-loop pursuit gain (initial 100 milliseconds of pursuit) and increased variability in the accuracy of large-amplitude saccades that were confined to rightward movements. In neuropsychological studies, only executive functions were impaired relative to those of controls. Family members reported more communication abnormalities and obsessive-compulsive behaviors than controls. Deficits across oculomotor, neuropsychological, and psychological domains were relatively independent from one another. CONCLUSIONS: Family members of individuals with autism demonstrate oculomotor abnormalities implicating pontocerebellar and frontostriatal circuits and left-lateralized alterations of frontotemporal circuitry and striatum. The left-lateralized alterations have not been identified in other neuropsychiatric disorders and are of interest given atypical brain lateralization and language development associated with the disorder. Similar oculomotor deficits have been reported in individuals with autism, suggesting that they may be familial and useful for studies of neurophysiological and genetic mechanisms in autism.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/1808/21736
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.87
    Collections
    • Applied Behavioral Science Scholarly Works [115]
    Citation
    Mosconi MW, Kay M, D’Cruz A, Guter S, Kapur K, Macmillan C, Stanford LD, Sweeney JA. Neurobehavioral Abnormalities in First-Degree Relatives of Individuals With Autism. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67(8):830-840. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.87

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    KU Libraries
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    785-864-8983

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    Lawrence, KS 66045
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    Contact KU ScholarWorks
    785-864-8983
    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    785-864-8983

    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    Image Credits
     

     

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