Reformacijska gibanja v okviru evropskega 16. stoletja

Abstract

The European reformations emerged in the religious, social, cultural and political context of the long 16th century. This period is characterized by specific intertwining of pre-modern and medieval elements such as the predominance of the agrarian economy and the rural world, the dynastic foundation of politics, the society of orders and Christianity, and early modern, sometimes even modern elements such as print, economic and demographic growth, high conflict potential, the emergence of the early modern state, and European expansion. On the one hand, the complex of the new and the old structural elements influenced the shaping, spread, reception and affirmation or defeat of various types of the reformation; on the other hand, there were Reformation ideas and movements which the author defines as large scale socio–psychological interactions, with their own dynamism which contributed to the change of the existing structures.

Reformacijska gibanja in ideje so se razvile v verskem, družbenem, kulturnem in političnem okviru dolgega 16. stoletja. Za ta čas je značilno specifično prepletanje srednjeveških prvin, kot so prevladovanje kmetijske proizvodnje, dinastična zasnovanost politike, stanovska družba in krščanstvo ter novih zgodnjenovoveških, v marsičem že modernih prvin, kot so tisk, humanizem, gospodarska in demografska rast, visok konfliktni potencial, nastanek zgodnjenovoveške države in evropska ekspanzija. Splet novih in starih strukturnih prvin je vplival na oblikovanje, širjenje, sprejem in uveljavitev reformacij, hkrati pa so reformacijske ideje in gibanja, ki jih avtor razume kot socialno-psihološke interakcije velikega obsega, dinamizirala obstoječe strukture in jih preoblikovala.