Japan's Renuciation of War Clause, Article 9: A case study of Japan's journey towards 'a normal nation'

Abstract

Japan has struggled with the decision to either revise or to reinterpret the renunciation of war clause, Chapter 2, Article 9, in the Japanese Constitution. This debate is significant because the outcome of this decision will have a direct impact of Japan's defense policies, its security arrangement with the United States, and its involvement in international politics. In order to reach a definite decision, on this issue, the majority of Japanese politicians and the public will need to agree on one approach, which they have not been able to do. This paper will analyze the historic events and policies that have shaped this debate and public opinion. Essentially, this paper argues that the public opinion regarding whether or not Article 9 should be revised is a result of traditional norms and feudal policies, the diminished public trust in the government following WWII, and the public's awareness of the policies and provisions of the Japanese Constitution.