dc.contributor.author | Scalet, Joseph M. | |
dc.contributor.author | Suekama, Tiffany C. | |
dc.contributor.author | Jeong, Jeayoung | |
dc.contributor.author | Gehrke, Stevin H. | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-12-08T20:23:44Z | |
dc.date.available | 2021-12-08T20:23:44Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2021-06-29 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Scalet, J.M.; Suekama, T.C.; Jeong, J.; Gehrke, S.H. Enhanced Mechanical Properties by Ionomeric Complexation in Interpenetrating Network Hydrogels of Hydrolyzed Poly (N-vinyl Formamide) and Polyacrylamide. Gels 2021, 7, 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels7030080 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32267 | |
dc.description.abstract | Tough hydrogels were made by hydrolysis of a neutral interpenetrating network (IPN) of poly (N-vinyl formamide) PNVF and polyacrylamide (PAAm) networks to form an IPN of polyvinylamine (PVAm) and poly (acrylic acid) (PAAc) capable of intermolecular ionic complexation. Single network (SN) PAAm and SN PNVF have similar chemical structures, parameters and physical properties. The hypothesis was that starting with neutral IPN networks of isomeric monomers that hydrolyze to comparable extents under similar conditions would lead to formation of networks with minimal phase separation and maximize potential for charge–charge interactions of the networks. Sequential IPNs of both PNVF/PAAm and PAAm/PNVF were synthesized and were optically transparent, an indication of homogeneity at submicron length scales. Both IPNs were hydrolyzed in base to form PVAm/PAAc and PAAc/PVAm IPNs. These underwent ~5-fold or greater decrease in swelling at intermediate pH values (3–6), consistent with the hypothesis of intermolecular charge complexation, and as hypothesized, the globally neutral, charge-complexed gel states showed substantial increases in failure properties upon compression, including an order of magnitude increases in toughness when compared to their unhydrolyzed states or the swollen states at high or low pH values. There was no loss of mechanical performance upon repeated compression over 95% strain. | en_US |
dc.publisher | MDPI | en_US |
dc.rights | © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. | en_US |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | en_US |
dc.subject | Hydrogels | en_US |
dc.subject | Interpenetrating network | en_US |
dc.subject | Ionomer | en_US |
dc.subject | Polyelectrolyte | en_US |
dc.subject | Poly (N-vinyl formamide) | en_US |
dc.subject | Polyacrylamide | en_US |
dc.subject | Polyvinylamine | en_US |
dc.subject | Poly (acrylic acid) | en_US |
dc.subject | Modulus | en_US |
dc.subject | Toughness | en_US |
dc.title | Enhanced Mechanical Properties by Ionomeric Complexation in Interpenetrating Network Hydrogels of Hydrolyzed Poly (N-vinyl Formamide) and Polyacrylamide | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
kusw.kuauthor | Scalet, Joseph M. | |
kusw.kuauthor | Suekama, Tiffany C. | |
kusw.kuauthor | Jeong, Jeayoung | |
kusw.kuauthor | Gehrke, Stevin H. | |
kusw.kudepartment | Chemical and Petroleum Engineering | en_US |
kusw.oanotes | Per Sherpa Romeo 12/08/2021:Gels
[Open panel below]Publication Information
TitleGels [English]
ISSNsElectronic: 2310-2861
URLhttp://www.mdpi.com/journal/gels
PublishersMDPI [Commercial Publisher]
DOAJ Listinghttps://doaj.org/toc/2310-2861
Requires APCYes [Data provided by DOAJ]
[Open panel below]Publisher Policy
Open Access pathways permitted by this journal's policy are listed below by article version. Click on a pathway for a more detailed view.Published Version
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Any Repository, Journal Website, +1
OA PublishingThis pathway includes Open Access publishing
EmbargoNo Embargo
LicenceCC BY 4.0
Copyright OwnerAuthors
Publisher DepositPubMed Central
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Any Repository
Named Repository (PubMed Central)
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ConditionsPublished source must be acknowledged with citation
NotesAuthors are encouraged to submit their published articles to institutional repositories | en_US |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3390/gels7030080 | en_US |
kusw.oaversion | Scholarly/refereed, publisher version | en_US |
kusw.oapolicy | This item meets KU Open Access policy criteria. | en_US |
dc.identifier.pmid | PMC8293209 | en_US |
dc.rights.accessrights | openAccess | en_US |