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dc.contributor.authorWang, Zheng
dc.contributor.authorHallac, Rami R.
dc.contributor.authorConroy, Kaitlin C.
dc.contributor.authorWhite, Stormi P.
dc.contributor.authorKane, Alex A.
dc.contributor.authorCollinsworth, Amy L.
dc.contributor.authorSweeney, John A.
dc.contributor.authorMosconi, Matthew W.
dc.date.accessioned2017-11-20T17:38:00Z
dc.date.available2017-11-20T17:38:00Z
dc.date.issued2016-11-25
dc.identifier.citationWang, Z., Hallac, R. R., Conroy, K. C., White, S. P., Kane, A. A., Collinsworth, A. L., . . . Mosconi, M. W. (2016). Postural orientation and equilibrium processes associated with increased postural sway in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 8(1). doi:10.1186/s11689-016-9178-1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1808/25441
dc.description.abstractBackground: Increased postural sway has been repeatedly documented in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Characterizing the control processes underlying this deficit, including postural orientation and equilibrium, may provide key insights into neurophysiological mechanisms associated with ASD. Postural orientation refers to children’s ability to actively align their trunk and head with respect to their base of support, while postural equilibrium is an active process whereby children coordinate ankle dorsi-/plantar-flexion and hip abduction/adduction movements to stabilize their upper body. Dynamic engagement of each of these control processes is important for maintaining postural stability, though neither postural orientation nor equilibrium has been studied in ASD.

Methods: Twenty-two children with ASD and 21 age and performance IQ-matched typically developing (TD) controls completed three standing tests. During static stance, participants were instructed to stand as still as possible. During dynamic stances, participants swayed at a comfortable speed and magnitude in either anterior-posterior (AP) or mediolateral (ML) directions. The center of pressure (COP) standard deviation and trajectory length were examined to determine if children with ASD showed increased postural sway. Postural orientation was assessed using a novel virtual time-to-contact (VTC) approach that characterized spatiotemporal dimensions of children’s postural sway (i.e., body alignment) relative to their postural limitation boundary, defined as the maximum extent to which each child could sway in each direction. Postural equilibrium was quantified by evaluating the amount of shared or mutual information of COP time series measured along the AP and ML directions.

Results: Consistent with prior studies, children with ASD showed increased postural sway during both static and dynamic stances relative to TD children. In regard to postural orientation processes, children with ASD demonstrated reduced spatial perception of their postural limitation boundary towards target directions and reduced time to correct this error during dynamic postural sways but not during static stance. Regarding postural equilibrium, they showed a compromised ability to decouple ankle dorsi-/plantar-flexion and hip abduction/adduction processes during dynamic stances.

Conclusions: These results suggest that deficits in both postural orientation and equilibrium processes contribute to reduced postural stability in ASD. Specifically, increased postural sway in ASD appears to reflect patients’ impaired perception of their body movement relative to their own postural limitation boundary as well as a reduced ability to decouple distinct ankle and hip movements to align their body during standing. Our findings that deficits in postural orientation and equilibrium are more pronounced during dynamic compared to static stances suggests that the increased demands of everyday activities in which children must dynamically shift their COP involve more severe postural control deficits in ASD relative to static stance conditions that often are studied. Systematic assessment of dynamic postural control processes in ASD may provide important insights into new treatment targets and neurodevelopmental mechanisms.
en_US
dc.publisherBioMed Centralen_US
dc.rights© The Author(s). 2016 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.en_US
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en_US
dc.subjectAutism spectrum disorderen_US
dc.subjectPostural orientationen_US
dc.subjectPostural equilibriumen_US
dc.subjectStatic and dynamic stancesen_US
dc.subjectVirtual time-co-contacten_US
dc.subjectMutual informationen_US
dc.titlePostural orientation and equilibrium processes associated with increased postural sway in autism spectrum disorder (ASD)en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
kusw.kuauthorWang, Zheng
kusw.kuauthorMosconi, Matthew W.
kusw.kudepartmentLife Span Instituteen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s11689-016-9178-1en_US
dc.identifier.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2265-0891
kusw.oaversionScholarly/refereed, publisher versionen_US
kusw.oapolicyThis item meets KU Open Access policy criteria.en_US
dc.rights.accessrightsopenAccessen_US


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© The Author(s). 2016 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to
the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver
(http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as: © The Author(s). 2016 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.