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dc.contributor.authorChang, Sally E.
dc.contributor.authorNeuhof, Moran
dc.contributor.authorRubinstein, Nimrod
dc.contributor.authorDiamant, Arik
dc.contributor.authorPhilippe, Hervé
dc.contributor.authorHuchon, Dorothée
dc.contributor.authorCartwright, Paulyn
dc.date.accessioned2016-11-30T19:32:12Z
dc.date.available2016-11-30T19:32:12Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.identifier.citationChang, E. S., Neuhof, M., Rubinstein, N. D., Diamant, A., Philippe, H., Huchon, D., & Cartwright, P. (2015). Genomic insights into the evolutionary origin of Myxozoa within Cnidaria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 112(48), 14912–14917. doi:10.1073/pnas.1511468112en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/1808/22099
dc.description.abstractThe Myxozoa comprise over 2,000 species of microscopic obligate parasites that use both invertebrate and vertebrate hosts as part of their life cycle. Although the evolutionary origin of myxozoans has been elusive, a close relationship with cnidarians, a group that includes corals, sea anemones, jellyfish, and hydroids, is supported by some phylogenetic studies and the observation that the distinctive myxozoan structure, the polar capsule, is remarkably similar to the stinging structures (nematocysts) in cnidarians. To gain insight into the extreme evolutionary transition from a free-living cnidarian to a microscopic endoparasite, we analyzed genomic and transcriptomic assemblies from two distantly related myxozoan species, Kudoa iwatai and Myxobolus cerebralis, and compared these to the transcriptome and genome of the less reduced cnidarian parasite, Polypodium hydriforme. A phylogenomic analysis, using for the first time to our knowledge, a taxonomic sampling that represents the breadth of myxozoan diversity, including four newly generated myxozoan assemblies, confirms that myxozoans are cnidarians and are a sister taxon to P. hydriforme. Estimations of genome size reveal that myxozoans have one of the smallest reported animal genomes. Gene enrichment analyses show depletion of expressed genes in categories related to development, cell differentiation, and cell–cell communication. In addition, a search for candidate genes indicates that myxozoans lack key elements of signaling pathways and transcriptional factors important for multicellular development. Our results suggest that the degeneration of the myxozoan body plan from a free-living cnidarian to a microscopic parasitic cnidarian was accompanied by extreme reduction in genome size and gene content.en_US
dc.publisherNational Academy of Sciencesen_US
dc.subjectMyxozoaen_US
dc.subjectCnidariaen_US
dc.subjectPolypodiumen_US
dc.subjectparasiteen_US
dc.subjectgenome evolutionen_US
dc.titleGenomic insights into the evolutionary origin of Myxozoa within Cnidariaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
kusw.kuauthorCartwright, Paulyn
kusw.kudepartmentEcology and Evolutionary Biologyen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1073/pnas.1511468112
kusw.oaversionScholarly/refereed, publisher versionen_US
kusw.oapolicyThis item meets KU Open Access policy criteria.en_US
dc.rights.accessrightsopenAccess


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