Frazeološko-leksikografski vidiki prevajanja angleških frazemov v slovenščino

Abstract

SLV: Clanek govori o problemih pri prevajanju frazemov in o vkljucevanju frazemov v dvojezicne slovarje. Temelji na podatkovni bazi, ki jo sestavlja okoli 250 frazemov, katerih sestavni del je samostalnik, ki oznacuje živilo ali pijaco. Angleške frazeme smo prevedli v slovenšcino, prevodne ustreznice v slovenšcini pa smo nato analizirali, da bi ugotovili, ali se pojavljajo podobnosti oz. razlike med anglešcino in slovenšcino, obenem pa smo preucevali tudi možne probleme, s katerimi se soocamo pri prevajanju frazemov. S pomocjo analize smo dolocili vec skupin frazemov glede na njihov prevod, vse od frazemov, ki jih prevajamo idiomatsko, pa do frazemov, ki predstavljajo eno izmed najvecjih prevajalskih pasti—lažne prijatelje. V clanku omenjamo tudi problem vkljucevanja frazemov v slovar, kajti vkljuceni so lahko v frazeološko gnezdo ali pa kot iztocnica. Na koncu sledi nekaj predlogov glede obravnave frazemov v dvojezicnem slovarju, posebno pozornost pa namenjamo problematiki monosemije in polisemije in problematiki uporabnosti slovarskega prevoda frazema v sobesedilu. ENG: The article focuses on the problem of translating phraseological units and their inclusion in bilingual dictionaries. Its findings are based on a database comprising approximately 250 phraseological units, all of them containing food and drink items. The English phraseological units were translated into Slovene and the Slovene translation equivalents were then analysed to establish similarities and differences between English and Slovene and to study possible problems involved in the translation of phraseological units. According to the analysis, several groups of phraseological units can be established as regards their translation(s), ranging from idiomatic translation equivalents on the one hand to false friends on the other. The problem of where to include a phraseological unit in a dictionary is also mentioned, as it may be listed in a special section of the dictionary article or as a headword. At the end, some suggestions are made as to the treatment of phraseological units in a bilingual dictionary where special attention is paid to the problem of monosemy vs. polysemy and the problem of translation equivalent in isolation vs. the translation of a phraseological unit in context.