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Efficient Cost Measures for Motion Compensation at Low Bit Rates
Hoang, Dzung T. Long, Philip M. Vitter, Jeffrey Scott
Hoang, Dzung T.
Long, Philip M.
Vitter, Jeffrey Scott
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Abstract
We present and compare methods for choosing
motion vectors for block-based motion-compensated video
coding. The primary focus is on videophone and video-
conferencing applications, where low bit rates are neces-
sary, where motion is usually limited, and where the amount
of computation is also limited. In a typical block-based
motion-compensated video coding system, motion vectors
are transmitted along with a lossy encoding of the resid-
uals. As the bit rate decreases, the proportion required
to transmit the motion vectors increases. We provide ex-
perimental evidence that choosing motion vectors explic-
itly to minimize rate (including motion vector coding), sub-
ject to implicit constraints on distortion, yields better rate-
distortion tradeo s than minimizing some measure of pre-
diction error. Minimizing a combination of rate and distor-
tion yields further improvements. Although these explicit-
minimization schemes are computationally intensive, they
provide invaluable insight which we use to develop practi-
cal algorithms. We show that minimizing a simple heuristic
function of the prediction error and the motion vector code-
length results in rate-distortion performance comparable to
explicit-minimization schemes while being computationally
feasible. Experimental results are provided for coders that
operate within the H.261 standard.
Description
(c) 1996 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works.
Date
1996
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Publisher
IEEE
Research Projects
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Keywords
Rate-distortion, Motion estimation, Motion compensation, Video coding, Video compression, H.261
Citation
D. T. Hoang, P. M. Long, and J. S. Vitter. “Efficient Cost Measures for Motion Compensation at Low Bit Rates,” Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE Data Compression Conference (DCC ’96), Snowbird, UT, April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/DCC.1996.488315