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    Abyssal sea anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria) of the northeast Pacific symbiotic with molluscs: *Anthosactis nomados*, a new species, and *Monactis vestita* (Gravier, 1918)

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    White et al.1999.pdf (3.379Mb)
    Issue Date
    1999-12
    Author
    White, Tracy R.
    Wakefield Pagels, April K.
    Fautin, Daphne G.
    Publisher
    Biological Society of Washington
    Type
    Article
    Article Version
    Scholarly/refereed, publisher version
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    Abstract
    We describe *Anthosactis nomados*, new species, which belongs to family Actinostolidae, and redescribe *Monactis vestita* (Gravier, 1918), a species belonging to family Hormathiidae. Anemones of both species live attached to molluscs on the soft-sediment abyssal plain of the northeastern Pacific Ocean. *Anthosactis nomados* is known from 260 specimens, most of which were still attached to scaphopod shells when studied, and the others of which show evidence of having been attached to one. By altering the definition of genus *Anthosactis* to include all tentacles being of equal length, this species can be accommodated in it. The species also differs from the other six species previously ascribed to the genus in the size of its nematocysts. We examined about 600 specimens of *Monactis vestita*, more than 350 of which show evidence of having been attached to a gastropod shell but none of which was still associated with the host when studied. This is the first report of *Monactis vestita* in such a symbiosis and from the Pacific Ocean. We hypothesize that both anemone-mollusc symbioses are mutualistic. In that between *Anthosactis nomados* and the scaphopod, which is the third anemone-scaphopod symbiosis to be documented, the protection provided by the sea anemone may allow the scaphopod to avoid the corrosive environment of sub-surface sediments and to forage at the surface where it can obtain energy and calcium carbonate. For both symbioses, the mollusc may resuspend sediments and carry the actinian to food-rich areas, and the anemone may protect its host from predators.
    Description
    Asterisks (*...*) surround words or phrases that are to be italicized.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/1808/6042
    Collections
    • Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Scholarly Works [1516]
    Citation
    White, Tracy R., April K. Wakefield Pagels, and Daphne G. Fautin. 1999. Abyssal sea anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria) of the northeast Pacific symbiotic with molluscs: Anthosactis nomados, a new species, and Monactis vestita (Gravier, 1918). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 112(4): 637-651.

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    Contact KU ScholarWorks
    785-864-8983
    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    785-864-8983

    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    Image Credits
     

     

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