| dc.description.abstract | Construct bias in the Narcissistic Personality Questionnaire for Children – Revised (NPQC-R) was examined using the factor analytic and reliability methods among 701 Singapore and U.S. children and adolescents, ages 12 to 14 years. The NPQC-R is a 12-item measure that comprises of the Superiority and Exploitativeness subscales, and a Total scale. Results from the factor analytic method indicated that there was partial strong measurement invariance on the NPQC-R across culture (Singapore, U.S.) and gender (males, females), and strong measurement invariance on the NPQC-R across age (preadolescents, early adolescents). Also, a preponderance of evidence suggests that there is no construct bias across culture, gender, and age using the reliability methods based on an overlap in the 95% confidence interval of the internal consistency reliability estimates and tests of internal consistency reliability estimates using the Feldt technique between groups on the NPQC-R scale and subcale scores. Results from an examination of latent means indicated that U.S. students reported higher levels of Superiority compared to Singapore students, but no significant difference in the levels of Exploitativeness were found between groups. In addition, males and females had similar levels of Superiority, but males endorsed higher levels of Exploitativeness than females. Furthermore, preadolescents reported higher levels of Superiority compared to early adolescents, but no significant difference in the levels of Exploitativeness were found between the groups. Taken together, these results indicate no evidence of construct bias in the NPQC-R across culture, gender, and age. Limitations, future research directions, and practical implications of this study for practitioners (e.g., school psychologists) to become knowledgeable about the construct of narcissism, as measured by the NPQC-R is similar across culture, gender, and age, are discussed. | |
