On-line learning from input versus off-line memory evolution in adult word learning: Effects of neighborhood density and phonologically-related practice

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Issue Date
2014-10-01Author
Storkel, Holly L.
Bontempo, Daniel E.
Pak, Natalie S.
Publisher
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
Type
Article
Article Version
Scholarly/refereed, author accepted manuscript
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
PurposeThis study investigates adult word learning to determine how neighborhood density and practice across phonologically-related training sets influence on-line learning from input during training versus off-line memory evolution during no-training gaps.MethodSixty-one adults were randomly assigned to learn low or high density nonwords. Within each density condition, participants were trained on one set of words and then were trained on a second set of words, consisting of phonological neighbors of the first set. Learning was measured in a picture-naming test. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling and spline regression.ResultsSteep learning during input was observed, with new words from dense neighborhoods and new words that were neighbors of recently learned words (i.e., second set words) being learned better than other words. In terms of memory evolution, large and significant forgetting was observed during 1-week gaps in training. Effects of density and practice during memory evolution were opposite of those during input. Specifically, forgetting was greater for high density and second set words than for low density and first set words.ConclusionHigh phonological similarity, regardless of source (i.e., known words or recent training), appears to facilitate on-line learning from input but seems to impede off-line memory evolution.
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Citation
Storkel, Holly L., Daniel E. Bontempo, and Natalie S. Pak. “On-Line Learning from Input versus off-Line Memory Evolution in Adult Word Learning: Effects of Neighborhood Density and Phonologically-Related Practice.” Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR 57.5 (2014): 1708–1721.
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