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    Effect of Grade Retention in First Grade on Psychosocial Outcomes

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    Issue Date
    2010-02
    Author
    Wu, Wei
    West, Stephen G.
    Hughes, Jan N.
    Publisher
    American Psychological Association
    Type
    Article
    Article Version
    Scholarly/refereed, author accepted manuscript
    Rights
    This article may not exactly replicate the final version published in the APA journal. It is not the copy of record.
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    Abstract
    In a 4-year longitudinal study, the authors investigated effects of retention in first grade on children’s externalizing and internalizing behaviors; social acceptance; and behavioral, cognitive, and affective engagement. From a large multiethnic sample (n = 784) of children below the median on literacy at school entrance, 124 retained children were matched with 251 promoted children on the basis of propensity scores (probability of being retained in first grade estimated from 72 baseline variables). Relative to promoted children, retained children were found to benefit from retention in both the short and longer terms with respect to decreased teacher-rated hyperactivity, decreased peer-rated sadness and withdrawal, and increased teacher-rated behavioral engagement. Retained children had a short-term increase in mean peer-rated liking and school belongingness relative to promoted children, but this advantage showed a substantial decrease in the longer term. Retention had a positive short-term effect on children’s perceived school belonging and a positive longer term effect on perceived academic self-efficacy. Retention may bestow advantages in the short-term, but longer term detrimental effects on social acceptance may lead to the documented longer term negative effects of retention.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23576
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016664
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    • Psychology Scholarly Works [246]
    Citation
    Wu, Wei, Stephen G. West, and Jan N. Hughes. “Effect of Grade Retention in First Grade on Psychosocial Outcomes.” Journal of educational psychology 102.1 (2010): 135–152. PMC. Web. 5 Apr. 2017.

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    Contact KU ScholarWorks
    785-864-8983
    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    785-864-8983

    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    Image Credits
     

     

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