KUKU

KU ScholarWorks

  • myKU
  • Email
  • Enroll & Pay
  • KU Directory
    • Login
    View Item 
    •   KU ScholarWorks
    • Dissertations and Theses
    • Theses
    • View Item
    •   KU ScholarWorks
    • Dissertations and Theses
    • Theses
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    HISTORICAL METAMORPHOSIS OF THE ARKANSAS RIVER ON THE KANSAS HIGH PLAINS

    Thumbnail
    View/Open
    Andrzejewski_ku_0099M_14274_DATA_1.pdf (4.640Mb)
    1871 PLS Data and Arkansas River Historical Channel Change Atlas (8.695Mb)
    Issue Date
    2015-12-31
    Author
    Andrzejewski, Kolbe D.
    Publisher
    University of Kansas
    Format
    71 pages
    Type
    Thesis
    Degree Level
    M.S.
    Discipline
    Geography
    Rights
    Copyright held by the author.
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    River metamorphosis is a well-documented global phenomenon, particularly for the historic period. The Arkansas River in western Kansas is an example of a river channel that has undergone a major historical metamorphosis: the pre-1900’s channel was wide, shallow and braided, but subsequently transformed into a narrow, sinuous meandering system. This study establishes the relationship between the hydrology and dynamics of channel morphology, determined the period in which the metamorphosis occurred, and quantified the channel change. In order to document channel change along a reach of the Arkansas River within the Kansas High Plains this study used ArcGIS to evaluate aerial photography for seven discrete years within the past 75 years, USGS stream gages to document the historical decrease in discharge, Public Land Survey records to characterize early settlement channel widths, and lesser sources such as historical ground-based images and bridge construction plans to further document historical changes in channel morphology. Channel width and sinuosity were measured and recorded for each year of aerial photography to quantitatively determine the magnitude of change and to characterize progression of the historical metamorphosis. The river channel has narrowed by about 145 meters and increased in sinuosity from 1.22 to 1.46 since the acquisition of the first aerial photography (1939). Historical changes in the channel morphology have occurred because of many anthropogenic modifications including a dam, irrigation diversion canals, and groundwater pumping for center pivot irrigation systems. These anthropogenic influences have directly altered the hydrology of the river by decreasing mean annual discharge, reducing peak annual flows, and lowering the water table. The upstream part of the study reach, near the Colorado-Kansas border experiences sporadic flows and has a narrow sinuous channel, where the discharge is actively building and stabilizing the floodplain and channel banks. The downstream reach, below irrigation diversions, channel width increases and sinuosity decreases, where the surface flow is extremely rare, resulting in little or no channel change. Upstream reaches, near Syracuse, have high sinuosity values from riparian vegetation stabilizing point bars and cutbanks, whereas downstream reaches, near Garden City, have low sinuosity values due to minimal riparian vegetation. The character of the Arkansas River channel within the Kansas High Plains may continue its present trajectory as long as the present-day hydrologic regime is maintained and the prevailing climate is unchanged.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/1808/20669
    Collections
    • Geography & Atmospheric Science Dissertations and Theses [184]
    • Theses [3825]

    Items in KU ScholarWorks are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.


    We want to hear from you! Please share your stories about how Open Access to this item benefits YOU.


    Contact KU ScholarWorks
    785-864-8983
    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    785-864-8983

    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    Image Credits
     

     

    Browse

    All of KU ScholarWorksCommunities & CollectionsThis Collection

    My Account

    LoginRegister

    Statistics

    View Usage Statistics

    Contact KU ScholarWorks
    785-864-8983
    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    785-864-8983

    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    Image Credits
     

     

    The University of Kansas
      Contact KU ScholarWorks
    Lawrence, KS | Maps
     
    • Academics
    • Admission
    • Alumni
    • Athletics
    • Campuses
    • Giving
    • Jobs

    The University of Kansas prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, ethnicity, religion, sex, national origin, age, ancestry, disability, status as a veteran, sexual orientation, marital status, parental status, gender identity, gender expression and genetic information in the University’s programs and activities. The following person has been designated to handle inquiries regarding the non-discrimination policies: Director of the Office of Institutional Opportunity and Access, IOA@ku.edu, 1246 W. Campus Road, Room 153A, Lawrence, KS, 66045, (785)864-6414, 711 TTY.

     Contact KU
    Lawrence, KS | Maps