Ψ-RA: a parallel sparse index for genomic read alignment
Issue Date
2011-07-27Author
Kulekci, M. Oguzhan
Hon, Wing-Kai
Shah, Rahul
Vitter, Jeffrey Scott
Xu, Bojian
Publisher
BioMed Central
Type
Article
Article Version
Scholarly/refereed, publisher version
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
BackgroundGenomic read alignment involves mapping (exactly or approximately) short reads from a particular individual onto a pre-sequenced reference genome of the same species. Because all individuals of the same species share the majority of their genomes, short reads alignment provides an alternative and much more efficient way to sequence the genome of a particular individual than does direct sequencing. Among many strategies proposed for this alignment process, indexing the reference genome and short read searching over the index is a dominant technique. Our goal is to design a space-efficient indexing structure with fast searching capability to catch the massive short reads produced by the next generation high-throughput DNA sequencing technology.
ResultsWe concentrate on indexing DNA sequences via sparse suffix arrays (SSAs) and propose a new short read aligner named Ψ-RA (PSI-RA: parallel sparse index read aligner). The motivation in using SSAs is the ability to trade memory against time. It is possible to fine tune the space consumption of the index based on the available memory of the machine and the minimum length of the arriving pattern queries. Although SSAs have been studied before for exact matching of short reads, an elegant way of approximate matching capability was missing. We provide this by defining the rightmost mismatch criteria that prioritize the errors towards the end of the reads, where errors are more probable. Ψ-RA supports any number of mismatches in aligning reads. We give comparisons with some of the well-known short read aligners, and show that indexing a genome with SSA is a good alternative to the Burrows-Wheeler transform or seed-based solutions.
ConclusionsΨ-RA is expected to serve as a valuable tool in the alignment of short reads generated by the next generation high-throughput sequencing technology. Ψ-RA is very fast in exact matching and also supports rightmost approximate matching. The SSA structure that Ψ-RA is built on naturally incorporates the modern multicore architecture and thus further speed-up can be gained. All the information, including the source code of Ψ-RA, can be downloaded at: http://www.busillis.com/o_kulekci/PSIRA.zip webcite.
Description
This is the published version. Copyright © 2011 Oğuzhan Külekci et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
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Citation
Külekci, M. Oğuzhan, Wing-Kai Hon, Rahul Shah, Jeffrey Scott Vitter, and Bojian Xu. "Ψ-RA: A Parallel Sparse Index for Genomic Read Alignment." BMC Genomics 12.Suppl 2 (2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-12-S2-S7.
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