Self-Report Physical Activity Levels and Sedentary Behaviors of Extremely Low Birth Weight, Late Preterm, and Full-Term Control Adolescents

Abstract

This study evaluated physical activity (PA) levels and sedentary behaviors of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) and late preterm adolescents. The purpose of this study was to determine if the self-reported PA levels, preferences of PA, and sedentary behaviors of unimpaired ELBW (birth weight 2500g and 37 weeks gestational age). Additionally, PA levels were compared to maximal oxygen consumption measurements. Sedentary behavior characteristics and screen time usage (television, computer, and video games) were also compared. The participants were 61 (n=17 ELBW, n=21 late preterm, n=23 full-term) adolescents, ages 12-20, born in the Kansas City area between January, 1993 to December, 1995. A modified version of the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire (MAQ) was used to determine past year MET hours per week of PA and preferences of PA. The MAQ results indicated no statistically significant difference (p0.05) in PA between the three groups and PA intensity preferences were similar among the three groups (p0.05). Maximal oxygen consumption was obtained utilizing a ramp treadmill protocol to exhaustion. A statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.450, p = 0.000) was obtained between the reported PA and maximal oxygen consumption. Sedentary behavior and screen time were assessed utilizing a Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire. No statically significant differences were found when comparing time spent in sedentary behaviors or screen time utilization (p0.05). Findings resulted in the conclusions that these unimpaired ELBW and late preterm adolescents did not appear to be notably impacted by their prematurity in a way that manifested in significantly decreased participation in physical activities; with the MAQ allowing for appropriate estimation of regular physical activity in these premature adolescents. Additionally, all three groups of adolescents were found to be making the healthiest choice of physical activity by frequently selecting physical activity at a moderate intensity level. Finally, unimpaired ELBW and late preterm adolescents do not favor sedentary activities more than full-term control adolescents; however, they should be educated on healthy lifestyle habits and strategies to help reduce time spent in sedentary pursuits.