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    Selection on Seedling Emergence Timing and Size in an Annual Plant (common sunflower, Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae))

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    Alexander_Helen_Selection_on_Seedling.full.pdf (855.8Kb)
    Issue Date
    2011-06
    Author
    Kristen, Mercer L.
    Alexander, Helen M.
    Snow, Allison A.
    Publisher
    Botanical Society of America
    Type
    Article
    Article Version
    Scholarly/refereed, publisher version
    Version
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21653510?dopt=Abstract
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    Abstract
    • Premise: Variation in seedling emergence timing is considered adaptive over the long term in wild populations, but early emergence can result in a fitness advantage. To explore the adaptive significance of seedling emergence timing, it should be studied under realistic conditions and in the context of other traits that influence fitness. • Methods: In a common garden, we monitored maternal families from seed to flowering (including over winter) with intra- and interspecific competition. We assessed the effects of emergence timing and plant size on survival to anthesis in different genetic backgrounds and under varying competition. • Key Results: We found genetic variation for emergence (probability and timing), size, and survival to anthesis. We also found negative selection, both phenotypic and genetic, on emergence time, such that early emergers (day 8) had almost twice as great a predicted probability of surviving as later emergers (day 28). Size had strong positive effects on survival and, furthermore, the beneficial effects of early emergence may be mediated through size. Maternal family and competitive environment can also affect selection on emergence timing. • Conclusions: Our results indicate that early emergence is related to greater survival in wild sunflower, although there may be little direct selection on this trait; rather, its importance may be mediated by its effects on highly adaptive traits associated with size. Also, the effects of early emergence may vary across genetic backgrounds and competitive conditions, facilitating the maintenance of variation for this trait across a diverse landscape.
    Description
    This is the publisher's version, also available electronically at http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000408.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/1808/13191
    DOI
    https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000408
    Collections
    • Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Scholarly Works [1516]
    Citation
    Kristen, Mercer L.; Alexander, Helen M.; Snow, Allison A. 2011. Selection on seedling emergence timing and size in an annual plant (common sunflower, Helianthus annuus (Asteraceae)). American Journal of Botany 98:975-985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1000408

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    KU Libraries
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    785-864-8983

    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
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    Contact KU ScholarWorks
    785-864-8983
    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    785-864-8983

    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    Image Credits
     

     

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