Metabolic Syndrome, Vitamin D Status, and the Incidence of Prostate Cancer

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Epidemiologic data on the role of metabolic syndrome on prostate cancer risk is inconsistent, and only one case-control trial has examined the combined relationship of metabolic syndrome and vitamin D deficiency. Objective: To determine the association of metabolic syndrome and vitamin D insufficiency on prostate cancer. Design: De-identified data for blood pressure, BMI, triglyceride, HDL, serum glucose, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and prostate cancer diagnosis were collected retrospectively from the HERON database on 104 men who received care at the University of Kansas Medical Center from 2003 to 2012. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between metabolic syndrome, vitamin D concentration and prostate cancer. Results: Vitamin D insufficiency was not significantly associated with prostate cancer and did not have a significant interaction with metabolic syndrome. High HDL (>60 mg/dL) was protective against prostate cancer (p=0.04, OR .173) compared to normal HDL (40-60 mg/dL). High systolic blood pressure (>135 mmHg) increased the risk of prostate cancer among general age-matched controls (p=0.03 OR=2.58) compared to normal blood pressure (60 mg/dL) was protective against prostate cancer (p=0.04, OR .173) compared to normal HDL (40-60 mg/dL). High systolic blood pressure (>135 mmHg) increased the risk of prostate cancer among general age-matched controls (p=0.03 OR=2.58) compared to normal blood pressure (135 mmHg) increased the risk of prostate cancer among general age-matched controls (p=0.03 OR=2.58) compared to normal blood pressure (Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome with vitamin D insufficiency did not prove to be significantly associated with prostate cancer diagnosis. Only elevated systolic blood pressure (135 mmHg) was significantly associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, whereas high HDL was associated with a protective effect.