LARYNGEAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN MALE-TO-FEMALE TRANSSEXUAL PERSONS: ENDOSCOPIC AND STROBOSCOPIC PRESENTATION

Abstract

Data are lacking regarding the physical correlates that accompany the methods used by male-to-female transsexual (MFT) persons to feminize their voices. Visual study of these alterations is needed to better understand the methods used by MFT individuals to feminize their voices and to observe any potentially harmful vocal behaviors in which they may be engaging. Nine MFT individuals who reported having a "passing" female voice were observed endo-/stroboscopically performing several vocal tasks. These examinations were rated for several physical parameters. Audio recordings were simultaneously captured and used in a listening experiment. The results indicated that MFT speakers attempting a more feminine voice often utilized incomplete glottal closure and a more open phase closure ratio. Signs of vocal hyperfunction were observed in all participants. The results of this study provide preliminary evidence of the physical adjustments seen in MFT speakers. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.