Alam, Shah SaudDepcik, ChristopherBurugupally, Sindhu PreethamHobeck, JaredMcDaniel, Ethan2022-07-052022-07-052022-04-28Alam SS, Depcik C, Burugupally SP, Hobeck J, McDaniel E. Thermodynamic modeling of in-situ rocket propellant fabrication on Mars. iScience. 2022 Apr 29;25(5):104323. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104323. PMID: 35602966; PMCID: PMC9118664.https://hdl.handle.net/1808/32801In-situ resource utilization (ISRU) to refuel rockets on Mars will become critical in the future. The current effort presents a thorough feasibility analysis of a scalable, Matlab-based, integrated ISRU framework from the standpoint of the second law of thermodynamics. The ISRU model is based on existing technology that can utilize Martian resources (regolith and atmosphere) to produce rocket propellants. Model simulations show that the system analysis is theoretically consistent with a positive entropy generation, and the achievable mass flow rates of liquid methane and liquid oxygen can potentially meet the 16-month rocket refueling deadline (on Mars) as desired by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. However, the model is sensitive to liquid oxygen storage temperatures, and lower temperatures are necessary to minimize compressor work. This proof-of-concept model can open avenues for further experimental evaluation of the system to achieve a higher technology readiness level.© 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ChemistryThermodynamicsSpace sciencesPower materialArticle10.1016/j.isci.2022.104323PMC35602966openAccess