Greenberg, Marc L.2024-08-092024-08-092024-08Greenberg, Marc L. 2024. Fixed-Stress Systems. Encyclopedia of Slavic Languages and Linguistics Online. Leiden: Brill. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/2589-6229_ESLO_COM_039858https://hdl.handle.net/1808/35487Slavic languages are noted for their historical preservation of elements of a pitch-accent system that was characteristic of Proto-Slavic and is closely related to an analogous system in Baltic, which are characterized by lexically determined paradigmatic-stress patterns, each with distinct distributions of pitch and stress placement. In subsets of the modern Slavic languages, systems with fixed stress have developed, most notably in West Slavic (Czech, Slovak, Polish, Kashubian, and Upper and Lower Sorbian) and South Slavic (Macedonian). The entry treats the synchronic distribution of such systems, variations found in regional varieties, and partially fixed systems. A sketch of views on historical motivations for and processes leading to fixed systems is also presented.Slavic linguisticsword prosodystressCzechPolishMacedonianKashubianSlovaktypologyphonologyOther10.1163/2589-6229_ESLO_COM_039858