2024-03-29T08:14:32Zhttps://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/oai/requestoai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/340652023-03-21T06:05:36Zcom_1808_13529col_1808_13530
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Anderson, Allyson
author
von Esenwein, Silke
author
Spaulding, Anne
author
Druss, Benjamin
author
2015-02-25
Background
Incarceration rates for people with serious mental illnesses are higher than the general population. However, research has been limited in regards to patterns of incarcerations for patients treated in public mental health settings. This study examines differences in lifetime imprisonment rates among patients of a U.S. urban Community Mental Health Center (CMHC) and national samples, within gender, race and education subgroups.
Findings
Participants were interviewed about their criminal history. Analyses compared lifetime incarceration history in this sample to a group with similar demographics. A majority (69.6%) of the sample had been incarcerated and 34.0% had been incarcerated with a felony charge as compared with 2.7% expected for the control sample.
Conclusion
Within every racial and educational subgroup, incarceration rates were high compared to the general population. Though racial and educational factors partly explained added incarceration risk, presence of a serious mental disorder heightened the incarceration risk within all strata in this public sector setting.
Anderson, A., Esenwein, S.v., Spaulding, A. et al. Involvement in the criminal justice system among attendees of an urban mental health center. Health Justice 3, 4 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40352-015-0017-3
https://hdl.handle.net/1808/34065
10.1186/s40352-015-0017-3
PMC5151568
SMI
Incarceration
Urban
Education
Race
Risk Factors
Involvement in the criminal justice system among attendees of an urban mental health center
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/347942023-09-29T06:05:38Zcom_1808_13529col_1808_13530
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Hamilton, Stephen N.
author
von Esenwein, Silke A.
author
Counts, Jacqueline Marie
author
2023-08
Kansas Executive Order 23-01 established the Early Childhood Transition Task Force (ECTTF) and tasked the group with holding a series of meetings across the state to generate public feedback and responses to Kansas’ current early childhood system. To better understand the current situation of early childhood efforts in the State of Kansas, the Kansas ECTTF conducted a statewide tour with virtual and in-person opportunities for participants to reflect on Kansas’ early childhood system.
The participants’ responses were prompted by questions in three different categories: Needs and Barriers, Bright Spots, and State’s Efficiency in Early Child Care and Education. Participants were also asked to rate how hopeful they are that Kansas is going in the right direction in early childhood. The average hope score was high, which conveys trust and confidence from those in attendance.
Based on these findings, the Task Force developed recommendations to improve Kansas’ current early childhood system and the state’s role in it.
Hamilton, S. N., von Esenwein, S. A., & Counts, J. (2023). Kansas Early Childhood Transition Task Force Tour: Preliminary Results from Community Engagement Tour. Center for Public Partnership and Research.
https://hdl.handle.net/1808/34794
Early childhood
Kansas
Governor Laura Kelly
System improvement
Kansas Early Childhood Transition Task Force Tour: Preliminary Results from Community Engagement Tour
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/327162022-04-28T21:59:40Zcom_1808_13529col_1808_13530
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Zhang, Yidan Xue
author
Wilk, Adam S.
author
von Esenwein, Silke A.
author
Cummings, Janet R.
author
2021-06-08
This report describes organizational and policy strategies to improve recruitment and retention of school mental health providers. Additionally, it identifies resources developed by reputable organizations to facilitate implementation of these strategies. The report aims to provide useful guidance on developing and maintaining the school mental health workforce for organizations (e.g. schools, school districts, and community mental health agencies) and policy makers involved in school mental health efforts.
Zhang YX, Wilk, AS, von Esenwein SA, Cummings JR. Recruitment and Retention of School Mental Health providers: Strategies and Key Resources. https://mhttcnetwork.org/centers/southeast-mhttc/product/recruitment-and-retention-school-mental-health-providers-strategies. June 8, 2021
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32716
Recruitment and Retention of School Mental Health Providers: Strategies and Key Resources
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/346902023-08-09T06:05:41Zcom_1808_13529col_1808_13530
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Bonnett, Michaela
author
Ezeigwe, Chimdi
author
Kennedy, Meaghan
author
Garstka, Teri
author
2023-06
Social network analysis (SNA) is a technique used to analyze social networks, whether it be composed of people, organizations, physical locations, or objects. It is being increasingly applied across a variety of sectors to gain insight into patterns of behavior and connectivity, the flow of information and behaviors, and to track and predict the effectiveness of interventions or programs. A key area associated with network strength using SNA is the health and wellness of individuals and communities. Both network strength and health and wellness are measured in many ways, which can obfuscate the association, so more consistency and further research is required. Despite this, the existing research using SNA to link characteristics of social networks to health and wellness find that stronger, more connected networks tend to be associated with better health outcomes. These results also present opportunities and insights for effective program implementation in response to disasters, to increase resilience, and to improve outcomes for individuals and communities.
https://hdl.handle.net/1808/34690
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8211-1326
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7229-099X
Using Social Network Analysis to Link Community Health and Network Strength
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/86002019-04-12T14:43:22Zcom_1808_13529com_1808_8219com_1808_89col_1808_13530col_1808_8220col_1808_90
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Brown, Cati
author
Snodgrass, Tony
author
Kemper, Susan
author
Herman, Ruth E.
author
Covington, Michael A.
author
2008-05
The Computerized Propositional Idea Density Rater (CPIDR, pronounced “spider”) is a computer program that determines the propositional idea density (P-density) of an English text automatically on the basis of partof-speech tags. The key idea is that propositions correspond roughly to verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, and conjunctions. After tagging the parts of speech using MontyLingua (Liu, 2004), CPIDR applies numerous rules to adjust the count, such as combining auxiliary verbs with the main verb. A “speech mode” is provided in which CPIDR rejects repetitions and a wider range of fillers. CPIDR is a user-friendly Windows .NET application distributed as open-source freeware under GPL. Tested against human raters, it agrees with the consensus of two human raters better than the team of five raters agree with each other [r(80) = .97 vs. r(10) = .82, respectively].
Brown, C., Snodgrass, T., Kemper, S., Herman, R., & Covington, M. (2008). Automatic measurement of propositional idea density from part-of-speech tagging. Behavioral Research Methods, 40, 540-545. PM#2423207 http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.2.540
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/8600
10.3758/BRM.40.2.540
Automatic measurement of propositional idea density from part-of-speech tagging
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/346912023-08-09T06:05:50Zcom_1808_13529col_1808_13530
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Vaziri, Natalie
author
Bonnett, Michaela
author
Kennedy, Meaghan
author
Garstka, Teri
author
2023-06
Community Resilience (CR) is a topic on many people’s minds these days, and
represents a community’s and an individual’s ability to weather adversity, as well as to
adapt and recover. It also represents a community’s strength and readiness to respond
to changes and capitalize on opportunities. Adaptation and recovery are intrinsically
linked to the health and wellness of a community or individual, and measuring the
link between CR and a community’s health is a point of key importance. Community
resilience is complex, so scholars and stakeholders have developed a variety of models
and metrics to measure and identify it. Many of these are linked to health and wellness
outcomes within the community, providing a foundation for the link between the
resilience of a community and the health of the people. Further research is required
as the nature of CR is better defined, but current results provide support for using the
measurement of CR to identify key points of intervention to improve the health and
wellbeing of communities.
https://hdl.handle.net/1808/34691
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8211-1326
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7229-099X
Linking Community Resilience to Health and Wellness
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/136532019-04-12T14:46:37Zcom_1808_13529col_1808_13530
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Brodowski, Melissa L.
author
Counts, Jacqueline Marie
author
Gillam, Rebecca J.
author
Baker, Linda
author
Collins, Valerie S.
author
Winkle, Edi
author
Skala, Jennifer
author
Stokes, Kathy
author
Gomez, Rosie
author
Redmon, James
author
2013
Despite increases in federal allocations, little is known about how to ensure successful implementation of evidence-based programs. This descriptive case study using the Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation illustrates the Prevention Support System (PSS) implemented for one federal evidence-based policy initiative. Exploring perspectives of intermediary organizations, the article describes the impetus for promoting evidence-based programming, multilevel systemic change, and the collaborations to develop strategic partnerships between national and state entities. Two early adopters, Kansas and Nebraska, illustrate the general capacity-building technical assistance activities conducted to build a multilevel PSS. The article concludes with outcomes, lessons learned, and recommendations for building stronger implementation capacity.
Brodowski, M.L., Counts, J. M., Gillam, R.J., Baker, L., Collins, V.S.,
Winkle, E., Skala, J., Stokes, K., Gomez, R., & Redmon, J. (2013). Translating evidence-based policy to practice: a multilevel partership
using the interactive systems framework. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services, 94(3), 141-149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.4303
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/13653
10.1606/1044-3894.4303
Translating Evidence-Based Policy to Practice: A Multilevel Partnership Using the Interactive Systems Framework
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/62722020-06-26T19:44:44Zcom_1808_13529com_1808_1260col_1808_13530col_1808_1952
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Counts, Jacqueline Marie
author
2010-04-29
Child maltreatment results in long term adverse consequences for victims and poses significant costs to society. Prevention programs are reframing maltreatment and focusing on protective factors in addition to risk factors. Easy-to-administer, affordable, and psychometrically sound instruments that measure multiple protective factors are lacking. The present study explored the reliability and validity of the Protective Factors Survey (PFS), a tool developed to measure protective factors in parents and caregivers. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted with a sample of 1,078 participants, who completed a parent education program in Nevada. Results provide psychometric data that support a valid and reliable four-factor solution, consisting of family functioning, social support, concrete support, and nurturing and attachment. The present study contributes to the knowledge base of protective factors and has implications for the field as a paradigm and tool for evaluation and research.
http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:10809
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/6272
Social work
Child maltreatment prevention
Confirmatory factor analysis
Early childhood
Protective factors
A Reliability and Validity Study of the Protective Factors Survey to Assess Protective Factors in Families
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/85662019-04-12T14:43:08Zcom_1808_13529com_1808_8219com_1808_89col_1808_13530col_1808_8220col_1808_90
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Kemper, Susan
author
Hoffman, Lesa
author
Schmalzried, RaLynn Cheri
author
Herman, Ruth E.
author
Kieweg, Douglas
author
2011-05
A digital pursuit rotor was used to monitor speech planning and production costs by time-locking tracking performance to the auditory wave form produced as young and older adults were describing someone they admire. The speech sample and time-locked tracking record were segmented at utterance boundaries and multilevel modeling was used to determine how utterance-level predictors such as utterance duration or sentence grammatical complexity and person-level predictors such as speaker age or working memory capacity predicted tracking performance. Three models evaluated the costs of speech planning, the costs of speech production, and the costs of speech output monitoring. The results suggest that planning and producing propositionally dense utterances is more costly for older adults and that older adults experience increased costs as a result of having produced a long, informative, or rapid utterance.
Kemper, S., Hoffman, L., Schmalzried, R., Herman, R., & Kieweg, D. (2011). Tracking Talking: Dual Task Costs of Planning and Producing Speech for Young versus Older Adults. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 18, 257-279. PMC3091967 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13825585.2010.527317
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/8566
10.1080/13825585.2010.527317
Aging
Speech production
Speech planning
Dual task demands
Fluency
Tracking Talking: Dual Task Costs of Planning and Producing Speech for Young versus Older Adults
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/336472022-11-04T08:01:17Zcom_1808_13529col_1808_13530
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Tilden, Chris
author
Gillam, Rebecca
author
2021
Enacted by Congress in 1935, Title V of the Social Security Act committed federal support to states to ensure
adequate health services for maternal and child health populations, including an emphasis on Children with Special
Health Care Needs (CSHCN) and their families. The Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Services Block Grant is
predicated on life course theory and the knowledge of the importance of critical stages, beginning before a child is
born and continuing throughout life, which can influence lifelong health and well-being. Title V MCH continues to
be the only federal grant program solely focused on improving the health of all mothers and children. Title V
legislation and the MCH Services Block Grant Program enables states to:
--Provide and assure mothers and children access to quality MCH services
--Reduce infant mortality and the incidence of preventable diseases
--Provide rehabilitation services for blind and disabled individuals
--Provide and promote family-centered, community-based, coordinated care, and facilitate the development
of community-based systems of services.
In Kansas, the Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) Bureau of Family Health (BFH) administers
the Title V (MCH) Program.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/33647
MCH 2025 Title V Needs Assessment: Priorities and Action Plan 2021-2025
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/336482022-11-04T08:00:59Zcom_1808_13529col_1808_13530
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Tilden, Chris
author
Kuhn, Nathan
author
Gillam, Rebecca
author
2019
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/33648
Kansas Infant-Toddler Services (Part C): Needs Assessment 2019
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/86032019-04-12T14:44:34Zcom_1808_13529com_1808_8219com_1808_89col_1808_13530col_1808_8220col_1808_90
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Kemper, Susan
author
McDowd, Joan M.
author
Pohl, Patricia
author
Herman, Ruth E.
author
Jackson, Susan
author
2006-01
The costs of doing two things were assessed for a group of healthy older adults and older adults who were tested at least 6 months after a stroke. A baseline language sample was compared to language samples collected while the participants were performing concurrent motor tasks or selective ignoring tasks. Whereas the healthy older adults showed few costs due to the concurrent task demands, the language samples from the stroke survivors were disrupted by the demands of doing two things at once. The dual task measures reveal long-lasting effects of strokes that were not evident when stroke survivors were assessed using standard clinical tools.
Kemper, S., McDowd, J., Pohl, P., Herman, R., & Jackson, S. (2006). Revealing language deficits following stroke: the cost of doing two things at once. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 13, 115-139. PM#16766346 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13825580500501496
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/8603
10.1080/13825580500501496
Revealing language deficits following stroke: the cost of doing two things at once
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/151722019-04-12T14:47:32Zcom_1808_13529com_1808_238col_1808_13530col_1808_13429
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Williams, Kristine
author
Herman, Ruth E.
author
Bontempo, Daniel E.
author
2014-06-25
Purpose of the study
Assisted living (AL) residents are at risk for cognitive and functional declines that eventually reduce their ability to care for themselves, thereby triggering nursing home placement. In developing a method to slow this decline, the efficacy of Reasoning Exercises in Assisted Living (REAL), a cognitive training intervention that teaches everyday reasoning and problem-solving skills to AL residents, was tested.
Design and methods
At thirteen randomized Midwestern facilities, AL residents whose Mini Mental State Examination scores ranged from 19–29 either were trained in REAL or a vitamin education attention control program or received no treatment at all. For 3 weeks, treated groups received personal training in their respective programs.
Results
Scores on the Every Day Problems Test for Cognitively Challenged Elders (EPCCE) and on the Direct Assessment of Functional Status (DAFS) showed significant increases only for the REAL group. For EPCCE, change from baseline immediately postintervention was +3.10 (P<0.01), and there was significant retention at the 3-month follow-up (d=2.71; P<0.01). For DAFS, change from baseline immediately postintervention was +3.52 (P<0.001), although retention was not as strong. Neither the attention nor the no-treatment control groups had significant gains immediately postintervention or at follow-up assessments. Post hoc across-group comparison of baseline change also highlights the benefits of REAL training. For EPCCE, the magnitude of gain was significantly larger in the REAL group versus the no-treatment control group immediately postintervention (d=3.82; P<0.01) and at the 3-month follow-up (d=3.80; P<0.01). For DAFS, gain magnitude immediately postintervention for REAL was significantly greater compared with in the attention control group (d=4.73; P<0.01).
Implications
REAL improves skills in everyday problem solving, which may allow AL residents to maintain self-care and extend AL residency. This benefit is particularly important given the growing population of AL residents at risk for cognitive and self-care decline.
Williams, Kristine., Herman, Ruth., Bontempo, Daniel. "Reasoning Exercises in Assisted Living: a cluster randomized trial to improve reasoning and everyday problem solving." Dove Medical Press. June 25, 2014.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/15172
cognitive training
Assisted living
Self-care
Functional decline
Reasoning Exercises in Assisted Living: a cluster randomized trial to improve reasoning and everyday problem solving
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/68762023-06-20T06:07:21Zcom_1808_1069com_1808_13529com_1808_5634col_1808_7465col_1808_13530col_1808_5635
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Zhang, Yan Bing
author
Hummert, Mary Lee
author
Garstka, Teri A.
author
2002
This study examined stereotype traits of older adults elicited from 40 young (M age = 19.6), 40 middle-aged (M = 36.8), and 40 older Chinese adults (M = 64.7). Trait lists were compared across age groups and to traits reported by U.S. and Chinese New Zealand participants in earlier research (Hummert, Garstka, Shaner, & Strahm, 1994; Ng, Liu, Loong, & Weatherall, 1999). Results indicated considerable overlap between stereotype traits of these Chinese participants and those from the earlier studies with Western participants, but also revealed 22 stereotype traits unique to Chinese culture. Participants of all ages reported more positive age traits than negative ones, with young participants reporting the highest number of positive traits. Consistent with Ng et al. (1999), the latter result suggests that views of aging are more positive in Chinese than in Western cultures. Discussion focuses on age stereotypes in the context of Chinese culture.
Zhang, Y. B., Hummert, M. L., & Garstka, T. A. (2002). Stereotype traits of older adults generated by young, middle-aged, and older Chinese participants. Hallym International Journal of Aging, 2 (4), 119-140. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/18YF-LD1R-X8NB-4HTM
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/6876
10.2190/18YF-LD1R-X8NB-4HTM
Stereotypes
Stereotype traits of older adults generated by young, middle-aged, and older Chinese participants
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/77742019-04-12T14:44:27Zcom_1808_13529com_1808_8219com_1808_96col_1808_13530col_1808_8220col_1808_99
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Cudd, Ann E.
author
Becker, Neal C.
author
1990
Becker, Neal C., and Cudd, Ann E. "Indefinitely Repeated Games", Theory and Decision, 28(1990): 189-195.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/7774
10.1007/BF00160935
Game theory
Indefinitely Repeated Games: A Response to Carroll
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/327152022-04-28T08:00:56Zcom_1808_13529col_1808_13530
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Barkin, Jennifer L.
author
Buoli, Massimiliano
author
Curry, Carolann Lee
author
von Esenwein, Silke A.
author
Upadhyay, Saswati
author
Kearney, Maggie Bridges
author
Mach, Katharine
author
2021-03-15
Extreme weather events (EWEs) are increasing in frequency and severity as the planet continues to become warmer. Resulting disasters have the potential to wreak havoc on the economy, infrastructure, family unit, and human health. Global estimates project that children will be disproportionately impacted by the changing climate – shouldering 88% of the related burdens. Exposure to EWEs in childhood is traumatic, with ramifications for mental health specifically. Symptoms of posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety have all been associated with childhood EWE exposure and have the potential to persist under certain circumstances. Conversely, many childhood survivors of EWE also demonstrate resilience and experience only transient symptoms. While the majority of studies are focused on the effects resulting from one specific type of disaster (hurricanes), we have synthesized the literature across the various types of EWEs. We describe psychological symptoms and behavior, the potential for long-term effects, and potential protective factors and risk factors.
Barkin, J.L., Buoli, M., Curry, C.L., von Esenwein, S.A., Upadhyay, S., Kearney, M.B. and Mach, K. (2021), Effects of extreme weather events on child mood and behavior. Dev Med Child Neurol, 63: 785-790. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.14856. Epub 2021 Mar 15.PMID: 33720406
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32715
10.1111/dmcn.14856
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8364-4260
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-4716-3678
Effects of extreme weather events on child mood and behavior
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/3722019-04-12T14:33:52Zcom_1808_13529com_1808_97com_1808_8219com_1808_100col_1808_13530col_1808_102col_1808_8220col_1808_101
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Golden, Jennifer E.
author
Aubé, Jeffrey
author
2002
Golden, JE; Aube, J. A combined intramolecular Diels-Alder/intramolecular Schmidt reaction: Formal synthesis of (+/-)-stenine. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION. 2002. 41(22):4316-4318
ISI:000179506300033
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/372
10.1002/1521-3773(20021115)41:22<4316::AID-ANIE4316>3.0.CO;2-U
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1049-5767
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6813-3710
Diels-Alder reaction
Domino reactions
Lactams
Natural products
Ring expansion
A combined intramolecular Diels-Alder/intramolecular Schmidt reaction: Formal synthesis of (+/-)-stenine
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/327572022-05-10T08:01:03Zcom_1808_13529col_1808_13530
00925njm 22002777a 4500
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Peterson, Carla A.
author
Hughes-Belding, Kere
author
Rowe, Neil
author
Fan, Liuran
author
Walter, Melissa
author
Dooley, Leslie
author
Wang, Wen
author
Steffensmeier, Chloe
author
2018-06-12
Objectives This study was conducted to look inside home visits to examine active intervention ingredients used and their relations with ratings of home visit quality. In particular, triadic interactions that engage the home visitor, parent, and child together and provide a context for home visitors to facilitate parent-child interactions by observing, modeling and coaching behaviors that promote optimal child development were examined. Methods Observations were conducted to describe intervention activities (with the HVOF-R) and rate quality of home visit practices and engagement (with the HOVRS A+). Results Analyses revealed the majority of home visit time (71%) was spent in home visitor-parent interactions with only a small proportion of home visit time (17%) spent in triadic interactions and an even smaller proportion of time (2%) during which home visitors actively coached parent-child interactions. Amount of time spent in triadic interactions was related positively to quality ratings of home visit practices and engagement. Moreover, time spent coaching parent-child interactions uniquely predicted home visit quality after accounting for visit length and home visitor time spent observing and modeling. Conclusions for Practice Increasing the percentage of home visitors engage the parent and child in triadic interaction should be a focus for home visiting programs. Home visitors will likely need professional development and supervisory support to enhance their skills in coaching parent-child interactions during triadic interactions.
Peterson, C.A., Hughes-Belding, K., Rowe, N. et al. Triadic Interactions in MIECHV: Relations to Home Visit Quality. Matern Child Health J 22, 3–12 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-018-2534-x
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32757
10.1007/s10995-018-2534-x
Home visiting quality
Triadic interactions
Evaluation
Triadic Interactions in MIECHV: Relations to Home Visit Quality
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/85982019-04-12T14:44:26Zcom_1808_13529com_1808_8219com_1808_89col_1808_13530col_1808_8220col_1808_90
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Kemper, Susan
author
Schmalzried, RaLynn Cheri
author
Hoffman, Lesa
author
Herman, Ruth E.
author
2010-12
Tracking a digital pursuit rotor task was used to measure dual task costs of language production by young and older adults. Tracking performance by both groups was affected by dual task demands: time on target declined and tracking error increased as dual task demands increased from the baseline condition to a moderately demanding dual task condition to a more demanding dual task condition. When dual task demands were moderate, older adults' speech rate declined but their fluency, grammatical complexity, and content were unaffected. When the dual task was more demanding, older adults' speech, like young adults' speech, became highly fragmented, ungrammatical, and incoherent. Vocabulary, working memory, processing speed, and inhibition affected vulnerability to dual task costs: vocabulary provided some protection for sentence length and grammaticality, working memory conferred some protection for grammatical complexity, and processing speed provided some protection for speech rate, propositional density, coherence, and lexical diversity. Further, vocabulary and working memory capacity provided more protection for older adults than for young adults although the protective effect of processing speed was somewhat reduced for older adults as compared to the young adults. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)
Kemper, S., Schmalzried, R., Hoffman, L., & Herman, R. (2010). Aging and the vulnerability of speech to dual task demands. Psychology and Aging, 25, 949-96. PMCID: PMC3050491 http://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0020000
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/8598
10.1037/a0020000
Aging and the vulnerability of speech to dual task demands
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/348352023-11-07T07:07:47Zcom_1808_13529col_1808_13530
00925njm 22002777a 4500
dc
Chen, Yvonnes
author
Tilden, Chris
author
Vernberg, Dee Katherine
author
2019-08-16
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to explore adolescent non-e-cigarette users’ interpretations of e-cigarette advertising and their engagement with e-cigarette information. Given adolescents’ lack of persuasion knowledge and the association between advertising and behaviour, insights from non-users who are heavily targeted by the industry add evidence to a field that mainly focuses on risk perceptions and reasons for experimentation.
DESIGN: Five focus groups were conducted with 39 adolescents (mean = 14.21 years, age range = 12–17, 80% female). Data were analysed using the thematic approach. Results: Three themes were emerged: (1) advertising motivates nonsmokers to use e-cigarettes, (2) there is fascination with the technical and emotional appeals featured in commercials and (3) searching for information about e-cigarettes involves little validation. Adolescents also recalled health and social appeals that are consistent with content analysis of e-cigarette advertising. Further, adolescents used digital platforms and interpersonal sources for information on e-juice ingredients, health effects, accessibility, and price to satisfy their curiosity and justify their use. Very few, however, questioned the trustworthiness of the information.
CONCLUSION: Findings provide support for the implementation of strategies, such as media literacy in public health and media campaigns, and the development of regulations vis-à-vis advertising and access to e-cigarette products to reduce future uptake.
Yvonnes Chen, Chris Tilden & Dee Katherine Vernberg (2020) Adolescents’ interpretations of e-cigarette advertising and their engagement with e-cigarette information: results from five focus groups, Psychology & Health, 35:2, 163-176, DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2019.1652752
https://hdl.handle.net/1808/34835
10.1080/08870446.2019.1652752
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2569-7719
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3949-5920
Adolescents
E-cigarette advertising
Engagement with information
Focus group
Media literacy
Regulations
Adolescents’ interpretations of e-cigarette advertising and their engagement with e-cigarette information: results from five focus groups
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/335902024-01-16T16:12:07Zcom_1808_13529col_1808_13530
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Larsen, Aidan R.
author
Cummings, Janet R.
author
von Esenwein, Silke A.
author
Druss, Benjamin G.
author
2022-09-01
Objective:
Little is known about recent trends in treatment for alcohol use disorder. The authors used national data to examine treatment trends among individuals with alcohol use disorder.
Methods:
A sample of nonelderly adults (ages 18–64 years, N=36,707) with alcohol use disorder was identified from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine trends in treatment for alcohol use disorder in 2008–2010, 2011–2013, and 2014–2017 in any medical setting (hospitals, rehabilitation centers, mental health centers, emergency departments, and private doctors’ offices), self-help groups only (no medical setting), and no setting (i.e., no treatment). Additional analyses investigated trends in mental health treatment. Regression models adjusted for predisposing, enabling, and need-related characteristics.
Results:
Among those with an alcohol use disorder, the percentage who received any treatment was significantly lower in 2011–2013 (5.6%) than in 2008–2010 (6.9%) (p<0.05). In adjusted analyses, the probability of receiving no treatment increased by 1.5 percentage points in 2014–2017 (95% CI=0.5–2.5) compared with the 2008–2010 baseline. Significant declines were observed in the receipt of any treatment in a medical setting (marginal effect [ME]=−1.0%, 95% CI=−2.0 to −0.0) and self-help treatment only (ME=−0.5%, 95% CI=−0.8 to −0.1) in 2014–2017 compared with the baseline period. The probability of receiving any mental health treatment did not change during the study period.
Conclusions:
Among persons with an alcohol use disorder, treatment declined from 2008 to 2017. Future studies should examine the mechanisms that may be responsible for this decline.
Larsen AR, Cummings JR, von Esenwein SA, Druss BG. Trends in Alcohol Use Disorder Treatment Utilization and Setting From 2008 to 2017. Psychiatr Serv. 2022 Sep 1;73(9):991-998. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.202000323. PMID: 35193376.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/33590
10.1176/appi.ps.202000323
PMC35193376
Alcohol and drug abuse
Alcoholism
Addiction treatment
Mental health treatment
Alcohol treatment
Trends in Alcohol Use Disorder Treatment Utilization and Location from 2008 to 2017
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/86132019-04-12T14:44:33Zcom_1808_13529com_1808_8219com_1808_89col_1808_13530col_1808_8220col_1808_90
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Kemper, Susan
author
Herman, Ruth E.
author
Lian, Cindy
author
2003-06
Young and older adults provided language samples in response to questions while walking, finger tapping, and ignoring speech or noise. The language samples were scored on 3 dimensions: fluency, complexity, and content. The hypothesis that working memory limitations affect speech production by older adults was tested by comparing baseline samples with those produced while the participants were performing the concurrent tasks. There were baseline differences: Older adults' speech was less fluent and less complex than young adults' speech. Young adults adopted a different strategy in response to the dual-task demands than older adults: They reduced sentence length and grammatical complexity. In contrast, older adults shifted to a reduced speech rate in the dual-task conditions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)
Kemper, S., Herman, R. E., & Lian, C. H. T. (2003). The Costs of Doing Two Things at Once for Young and Older Adults: Talking while Walking, Finger Tapping, and Ignoring Speech or Noise. Psychology and Aging, 18, 181-192. http://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0882-7974.18.2.181
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/8613
10.1037/0882-7974.18.2.181
The Costs of Doing Two Things at Once for Young and Older Adults: Talking while Walking, Finger Tapping, and Ignoring Speech or Noise