2024-03-28T23:47:59Zhttps://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/oai/requestoai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/322862021-12-11T09:01:04Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Costs and Benefits of Native Language Similarity for Non-native Word Learning
Marian, Viorica
Bartolotti, James
van den Berg, Aimee
Hayakawa, Sayuri
Language learning
Cross-language similarity
Second language
Language acquisition
Vocabulary learning
The present study examined the costs and benefits of native language similarity for non-native vocabulary learning. Because learning a second language (L2) is difficult, many learners start with easy words that look like their native language (L1) to jumpstart their vocabulary. However, this approach may not be the most effective strategy in the long-term, compared to introducing difficult L2 vocabulary early on. We examined how L1 orthographic typicality affects pattern learning of novel vocabulary by teaching English monolinguals either Englishlike or Non-Englishlike pseudowords that contained repeated orthographic patterns. We found that overall, the first words that individuals learned during initial acquisition influenced which words they acquired later. Specifically, learning a new word in one session made it easier to acquire an orthographically similar word in the next session. Similarity among non-native words interacted with native language similarity, so that words that looked more like English were easier to learn at first, but they were less effective at influencing later word learning. This demonstrates that although native language similarity has a beneficial effect early on, it may reduce learners' ability to benefit from non-native word patterns during continued acquisition. This surprising finding demonstrates that making learning easier may not be the most effective long-term strategy. Learning difficult vocabulary teaches the learner what makes non-native words unique, and this general wordform knowledge may be more valuable than the words themselves. We conclude that native language similarity modulates new vocabulary acquisition and that difficulties during learning are not always to be avoided, as additional effort early on can pay later dividends.
2021-12-10T20:51:28Z
2021-12-10T20:51:28Z
2021-05-28
Article
Marian V, Bartolotti J, van den Berg A and Hayakawa S (2021) Costs and Benefits of Native Language Similarity for Non-native Word Learning. Front. Psychol. 12:651506. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651506
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32286
10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651506
PMC8194348
Copyright © 2021 Marian, Bartolotti, van den Berg and Hayakawa. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Frontiers Media
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/237642018-07-17T15:32:29Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Targeting neurosteroid synthesis as a therapy for schizophrenia-related alterations induced by early psychosocial stress
Frau, Roberto
Abbiati, Federico
Bini, Valentina
Casti, Alberto
Caruso, Donatella
Devoto, Paola
Bortolato, Marco
5α-reductase
Isolation rearing
Sensorimotor
Neurosteroids
Schizophrenia
Prepulse inhibition
Background
Cogent evidence has shown that schizophrenia vulnerability is enhanced by psychosocial stress in adolescence, yet the underpinnings of this phenomenon remain elusive. One of the animal models that best capture the relationship between juvenile stress and schizophrenia is isolation rearing (IR). This manipulation, which consists in subjecting rats to social isolation from weaning through adulthood, results in neurobehavioral alterations akin to those observed in schizophrenia patients. In particular, IR-subjected rats display a marked reduction of the prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex, which are posited to reflect imbalances in dopamine neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc). We recently documented that the key neurosteroidogenic enzyme 5α-reductase (5αR) plays an important role in the dopaminergic regulation of PPI; given that IR leads to a marked down-regulation of this enzyme in the NAcc, the present study was designed to further elucidate the functional role of 5αR in the regulation of PPI of IR-subjected rats.
Methods
We studied the impact of the prototypical 5αR inhibitor finasteride (FIN) on the PPI deficits and NAcc steroid profile of IR-subjected male rats, in comparison with socially reared (SR) controls.
Results
FIN (25–100 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently countered IR-induced PPI reduction, without affecting gating integrity in SR rats. The NAcc and striatum of IR-subjected rats displayed several changes in neuroactive steroid profile, including a reduction in pregnenolone in both SR and IR-subjected groups, as well as a decrease in allopregnanolone content in the latter group; both effects were significantly opposed by FIN.
Conclusions
These results show that 5αR inhibition counters the PPI deficits induced by IR, possibly through limbic changes in pregnenolone and/or allopregnanolone concentrations.
2017-04-24T21:02:54Z
2017-04-24T21:02:54Z
2015-05-18
Article
Frau, Roberto et al. “Targeting Neurosteroid Synthesis as a Therapy for Schizophrenia-Related Alterations Induced by Early Psychosocial Stress.” Schizophrenia research 168.3 (2015): 640–648.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23764
10.1016/j.schres.2015.04.044
PMC4628592
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 3.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 US), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/226802018-07-26T17:02:42Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Truth Be Told: Evidence of Wheelchair Users’ Accuracy in Reporting Their Height and Weight
Froehlich-Grobe, Katherine
Nary, Dorothy E.
VanSciver, Angela
Washburn, Richard A.
Aaronson, Lauren
Obesity
Overweight
Public health
Rehabilitation
Objectives
To examine whether wheelchair users’ self-reports of height and weight differed significantly from direct measurements and whether weight category classifications differed substantially when based on self-reported or measured values.
Design
Single group, cross-sectional analysis. Analyses included paired t tests, chi-square test, analysis of variance, and Bland-Altman agreement analyses.
Setting
A university-based exercise lab.
Participants
Community-dwelling wheelchair users (N=125).
Interventions
Not applicable.
Main Outcome Measure
Participants’ self-reported and measured height, weight, and body mass index.
Results
Paired t tests revealed that there were significant differences between wheelchair users’ self-reported and measured values for height (difference of 3.1±7.6cm [1.2±3.0in]), weight (−1.7±6.5kg [−3.6±14.2lb]), and BMI (−1.6±3.3). These discrepancies also led to substantial misclassification into weight categories, with reliance on self-reported BMI underestimating the weight status of 20% of the sample.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that similar to the general population, wheelchair users are prone to errors when reporting their height and weight and that these errors may exceed those noted in the general population.
2017-01-27T19:57:15Z
2017-01-27T19:57:15Z
2012-05-15
Article
Froehlich-Grobe, Katherine, Dorothy E. Nary, Angela Vansciver, Richard A. Washburn, and Lauren Aaronson. "Truth Be Told: Evidence of Wheelchair Users' Accuracy in Reporting Their Height and Weight." Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 93.11 (2012): 2055-061.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/22680
10.1016/j.apmr.2012.05.005
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3274-5109
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 3.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 US), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/296442020-01-16T14:56:49Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Precision Sensorimotor Control in Aging FMR1 Gene Premutation Carriers
McKinney, Walker S.
Wang, Zheng
Kelly, Shannon
Khemani, Pravin
Lui, Su
White, Stormi P.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Sweeney, John A.
fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome
FMR1 premutation
sensorimotor
precision grip
neurodegeneration
bradykinesia
dysmetria
Background: Individuals with premutation alleles of the FMR1 gene are at risk of developing fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), a neurodegenerative condition affecting sensorimotor function. Information on quantitative symptom traits associated with aging in premutation carriers is needed to clarify neurodegenerative processes contributing to FXTAS.
Materials and Methods: 26 FMR1 premutation carriers ages 44–77 years and 31 age-matched healthy controls completed rapid (2 s) and sustained (8 s) visually guided precision gripping tasks. Individuals pressed at multiple force levels to determine the impact of increasing the difficulty of sensorimotor actions on precision behavior. During initial pressing, reaction time, the rate at which individuals increased their force, the duration of pressing, and force accuracy were measured. During sustained gripping, the complexity of the force time series, force variability, and mean force were examined. During relaxation, the rate at which individuals decreased their force was measured. We also examined the relationships between visuomotor behavior and cytosine-guanine-guanine (CGG) repeat length and clinically rated FXTAS symptoms.
Results: Relative to controls, premutation carriers showed reduced rates of initial force generation during rapid motor actions and longer durations of their initial pressing with their dominant hand. During sustained force, premutation carriers demonstrated reduced force complexity, though this effect was specific to younger premutation carries during dominant hand pressing and was more severe for younger relative to older premutation carriers at low and medium force levels. Increased reaction time and lower sustained force complexity each were associated with greater CGG repeat length for premutation carriers. Increased reaction time and increased sustained force variability were associated with more severe clinically rated FXTAS symptoms.
Conclusion: Overall our findings suggest multiple sensorimotor processes are disrupted in aging premutation carriers, including initial force control guided by feedforward mechanisms and sustained sensorimotor behaviors guided by sensory feedback control processes. Results indicating that sensorimotor issues in aging premutation carriers relate to both greater CGG repeat length and clinically rated FXTAS symptoms suggest that quantitative tests of precision sensorimotor ability may serve as key targets for monitoring FXTAS risk and progression.
A Once Upon a Time Foundation award provided funds for the study design, data collection, and data analysis.
U54 HD090216 provided support for WM and MM during the data analysis and interpretation.
2019-10-23T13:48:33Z
2019-10-23T13:48:33Z
2019-10-02
Article
McKinney Walker S., Wang Zheng, Kelly Shannon, Khemani Pravin, Lui Su, White Stormi P., Mosconi Matthew W.
Precision Sensorimotor Control in Aging FMR1 Gene Premutation Carriers
Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience
V13
Y2019
P56
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/29644
10.3389/fnint.2019.00056
© 2019 McKinney, Wang, Kelly, Khemani, Lui, White and Mosconi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Frontiers Media
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/335962022-10-13T08:00:52Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Comparing Measures Of Functional Difficulty With Self-Identified Disability: Implications For Health Policy
Hall, Jean P.
Kurth, Noelle K.
Ipsen, Catherine
Myers, Andrew
Goddard, Kelsey
Disability
Chronic disease
Mental disorder
Health conditions
Populations
Health disparities
Public health
Researchers
Mental health
The Affordable Care Act mandated data collection standards to identify people with disabilities in federal surveys to better understand and address health disparities within this population. Most federal surveys use six questions from the American Community Survey (ACS-6) to identify people with disabilities, whereas many international surveys use the six-item Washington Group Short Set (WG-SS). The National Survey on Health and Disability (NSHD), which focuses on working-age adults ages 18–64, uses both question sets and contains other disability questions. We compared ACS-6 and WG-SS responses with self-reported disability types. The ACS-6 and WG-SS failed to identify 20 percent and 43 percent, respectively, of respondents who reported disabilities in response to other NSHD questions (a broader WG-SS version missed 4.4 percent of respondents). The ACS-6 and the WG-SS performed especially poorly in capturing respondents with psychiatric disabilities or chronic health conditions. Researchers and policy makers must augment or strengthen federal disability questions to improve the accuracy of disability prevalence counts, understanding of health disparities, and planning of appropriate services for a diverse and growing population.
2022-10-12T20:38:14Z
2022-10-12T20:38:14Z
2022-10
Article
Jean P. Hall, Noelle K. Kurth, Catherine Ipsen, Andrew Myers, and Kelsey Goddard. Comparing Measures Of Functional Difficulty With Self-Identified Disability: Implications For Health Policy. Health Affairs 2022 41:10, 1433-1441
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/33596
10.1377/hlthaff.2022.00395
Copyright Project HOPE—The People-to-People Health Foundation, Inc. For personal use only. All rights reserved. Reuse permissions at HealthAffairs.org. This open access article is distributed in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Project HOPE
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/238192018-07-17T15:37:14Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Innovation of a Reinforcer Preference Assessment with the Difficult to Test
Saunders, Muriel D.
Saunders, Richard R.
In this study, we continued evaluation of a two-choice preference assessment aimed at identifying a hierarchy of reinforcers for individuals with only one voluntary motor sequence—closing and releasing an adaptive switch. We assessed preferences among types of sensory stimulation in 6 adults with multiple profound impairments using concurrent synchronous reinforcement contingencies. Pre-experimental assessments with various types of stimulation led to the selection of music (A), vibration (B), and either olfactory or visual stimulation (C) as the 3 modalities for continued testing. Each participant received opportunities for familiarization with each type of stimulation in blocks of six 20-min sessions in which the closure of an adaptive switch produced the stimulation for as long as the switch remained closed. Next, participants could choose between pairs of types of stimulation in blocks of 12 sessions. In the first 6 of the 12 sessions, switch closure activated one type (e.g., A) and switch release activated the contrasted type (e.g., B). In the second 6 sessions, the contingencies were reversed. Two additional 12-session blocks completed all possible contrasts (AB, BC and AC). Four of the 6 participants showed distinct preferences in these two-choice tests with indications of preference hierarchies. The results demonstrate a method for obtaining indications of relative preference for potentially reinforcing stimuli from individuals without communication and without the abilities to act on more than one switch.
2017-04-26T19:30:18Z
2017-04-26T19:30:18Z
2011-03-15
Article
Saunders, Muriel D., and Richard R. Saunders. “Innovation of a Reinforcer Preference Assessment with the Difficult to Test.” Research in developmental disabilities 32.5 (2011): 1572–1579.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23819
10.1016/j.ridd.2011.01.049
PMC3733226
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 3.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 US), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/244842019-04-12T14:19:30Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Your Eyes Say “No,” But Your Heart Says “Yes”: Behavioral and Psychophysiological Indices in Infant Quantitative Processing
Brez, Caitlin C.
Colombo, John
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Brez, C. C. and Colombo, J. (2012), Your Eyes Say “No,” But Your Heart Says “Yes”: Behavioral and Psychophysiological Indices in Infant Quantitative Processing. Infancy, 17: 445–454. doi:10.1111/j.1532-7078.2011.00094.x, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7078.2011.00094.x. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Behavioral indices (e.g., infant looking) are predominantly used in studies of infant cognition, but psychophysiological measures have been increasingly integrated into common infant paradigms. The current study reports a result in which behavioral measures and physiological measures were both incorporated in a task designed to study infant number discrimination. Seven-month-old infants were habituated to several sets of stimuli varying in object type, but of a constant numerical value (either 2 or 3 items). Although looking time to each of the test trials revealed no differences, differences in heart-rate defined measures of attention revealed infants’ ability to discriminate number. These findings imply that the inclusion of indices other than behavioral measures should become commonplace in studies of infant cognition.
2017-06-13T16:23:35Z
2017-06-13T16:23:35Z
2012
Article
Brez, C. C. and Colombo, J. (2012), Your Eyes Say “No,” But Your Heart Says “Yes”: Behavioral and Psychophysiological Indices in Infant Quantitative Processing. Infancy, 17: 445–454. doi:10.1111/j.1532-7078.2011.00094.x
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24484
10.1111/j.1532-7078.2011.00094.x
PMC3839846
openAccess
application/pdf
Wiley
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/243692018-07-17T15:58:34Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Weight management by phone conference call: A comparision with a traditional face-to-face clinic. Rationale and design for a randomized equivalence trial
Lambourne, Kate
Washburn, Richard A.
Gibson, Cheryl A.
Sullivan, Debra K.
Goetz, Jeannine
Lee, Robert
Mayo, Matthew S.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Equivalence trial
Conference call
Weight loss
Weight regain prevention
Physical activity
Pre-packaged meals
State-of-the-art treatment for weight management consists of a behavioral intervention to facilitate decreased energy intake and increased physical activity. These interventions are typically delivered face-to-face (FTF) by a health educator to a small group of participants. There are numerous barriers to participation in FTF clinics including availability, scheduling, the expense and time required to travel to the clinic site, and possible need for dependent care. Weight management clinics delivered by conference call have the potential to diminish or eliminate these barriers. The conference call approach may also reduce burden on providers, who could conduct clinic groups from almost any location without the expenses associated with maintaining FTF clinic space. A randomized trial will be conducted in 395 overweight/obese adults (BMI 25–39.9 kg/m2) to determine if weight loss (6 months) and weight maintenance (12 months) are equivalent between weight management interventions utilizing behavioral strategies and pre-packaged meals delivered by either a conference call or the traditional FTF approach. The primary outcome, body weight, will be assessed at baseline, 6, 12 and 18 months. Secondary outcomes including waist circumference, energy and macronutrient intake, and physical activity and will be assessed on the same schedule. In addition, a cost analysis and extensive process evaluation will be completed.
2017-06-05T18:26:22Z
2017-06-05T18:26:22Z
2012-09
Article
Lambourne, K., Washburn, R. A., Gibson, C., Sullivan, D. K., Goetz, J., Lee, R., … Donnelly, J. E. (2012). Weight management by phone conference call: A comparison with a traditional face-to-face clinic. Rationale and design for a randomized equivalence trial. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 33(5), 1044–1055. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2012.05.014
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24369
10.1016/j.cct.2012.05.014
PMC3408567
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/336262022-10-27T08:01:25Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Feasibility and Comparative Effectiveness for the Delivery of the National Diabetes Prevention Program through Cooperative Extension in Rural Communities
Gorczyca, Anna M.
Washburn, Richard A.
Smith, Patricia
Montgomery, Robert N.
Koon, Lyndsie M.
Hastert, Mary
Suire, Kameron B.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
National diabetes prevention program
Rural
Cooperative extension
Physical activity
Weight loss
The U.S. Cooperative Extension Service (CE) has potential to deliver the National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) to rural residents with prediabetes. However, the CE remains underutilized for the delivery of NDPP. We compared the feasibility/effectiveness of the NDPP (0–6 mos.) delivered by CE personnel to rural residents with prediabetes using Zoom® (CE-Zoom®) or by our research staff using Facebook® (FB). Adults (n = 31, age ~55 years) were enrolled (CE-Zoom® n = 16, FB n = 15). Attendance did not differ significantly between groups (CE Zoom® = 69%, FB = 83%, p = 0.15). Participant retention was similar in the CE Zoom® (88%) and FB groups (87%). CE-Zoom® and FB® groups provided weekly, self-monitoring data for 83% and 84% of the 24 potential weeks, respectively. Six-month weight loss was not different between groups (CE-Zoom® = −5.99 ± 8.0 kg, −5.4%, FB = −1.68 ± 3.3 kg, −1.6% p = 0.13). Participants achieving ≥5% weight loss was greater in the CE-Zoom® (44%) compared with the FB group (7%, p = 0.04). Participants achieving the NDPP program goal for physical activity (≥150 min/week) did not differ (CE-Zoom® = 75%, FB = 67%, p = 0.91). This pilot trial demonstrated the potential feasibility and effectiveness of the NDPP delivered by CE personnel in a group remote format (Zoom®) to adults with prediabetes living in rural areas.
2022-10-26T20:55:17Z
2022-10-26T20:55:17Z
2022-08-11
Article
Gorczyca, A.M.; Washburn, R.A.; Smith, P.; Montgomery, R.N.; Koon, L.M.; Hastert, M.; Suire, K.B.; Donnelly, J.E. Feasibility and Comparative Effectiveness for the Delivery of the National Diabetes Prevention Program through Cooperative Extension in Rural Communities. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 9902. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19169902
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/33626
10.3390/ijerph19169902
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9689-7646
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1423-0590
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5172-7600
PMC9408158
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
MDPI
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/307942020-10-22T08:01:13Zcom_1808_238com_1808_774col_1808_13429col_1808_775
Task and Participant Variables Predict Communication Complexity Scores (CCS): Closer Examination of the CCS
Fleming, Kandace K.
Brady, Nancy C.
Assessment
Communication
Severe disabilities
Autism
Joint attention
Communication Complexity Scale (CCS) scores for 269 minimally verbal participants were examined to determine if communicator behavior and task and communicator characteristics were related to scores in a manner consistent with theoretical and research evidence expectations. Each participant completed an interactive assessment with 6 joint attention tasks and 6 behavior regulation tasks. Caregivers completed the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. Results indicated (a) joint attention tasks yielded lower scores than behavior regulation tasks, (b) older participants had lower scores, (c) individuals with autism spectrum disorder scored more similarly than those without, (d) the difference between joint attention and behavior regulation scores was greater for the autism spectrum disorder group, and (e) adaptive behavior was significantly positively related to complexity scores.
NIH R01 HD076903
NIH U54 HD090216
United States Department of Education, Institute of Educational Science (R324A160072)
2020-10-21T13:46:43Z
2020-10-21T13:46:43Z
2019-11-01
Article
Fleming, K. K., & Brady, N. C. (2019). Task and Participant Variables Predict Communication Complexity Scale (CCS) Scores: Closer Examination of the CCS. American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities, 124(6), 483–496. https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-124.6.483
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30794
10.1352/1944-7558-124.6.483
PMC7384712
Copyright 2019 AMERICAN ASSOCIATION ON INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
openAccess
application/pdf
American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/246472018-07-17T16:07:36Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Dysregulation of coordinated neuronal firing patterns in striatum of freely behaving transgenic rats that model Huntington’s disease
Miller, Benjamin R.
Walker, Adam G.
Fowler, Stephen C.
von Hörsten, Stephan
Riess, Olaf
Johnson, Michael A.
Rebec, George V.
Huntington’s disease
Transgenic
Rat
Striatum
Medium spiny neurons
Electrophysiology
Cross-correlation
Burst
Basal ganglia
Altered neuronal activity in the striatum appears to be a key component of Huntington’s disease (HD), a fatal, neurodegenerative condition. To assess this hypothesis in freely behaving transgenic rats that model HD (tgHDs), we used chronically implanted micro-wires to record the spontaneous activity of striatal neurons. We found that relative to wild-type controls, HD rats suffer from population-level deficits in striatal activity characterized by a loss of correlated firing and fewer episodes of coincident spike bursting between simultaneously recorded neuronal pairs. These results are in line with our previous report of marked alterations in the pattern of striatal firing in mouse models of HD that vary in background strain, genetic construct, and symptom severity. Thus, loss of coordinated spike activity in striatum appears to be a common feature of HD pathophysiology, regardless of HD model variability.
2017-06-27T17:00:26Z
2017-06-27T17:00:26Z
2010-01
Article
Miller, B. R., Walker, A. G., Fowler, S. C., von Hörsten, S., Riess, O., Johnson, M. A., & Rebec, G. V. (2010). Dysregulation of coordinated neuronal firing patterns in striatum of freely behaving transgenic rats that model Huntington’s disease. Neurobiology of Disease, 37(1), 106–113. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2009.09.013
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24647
10.1016/j.nbd.2009.09.013
PMC2787873
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/244832019-04-12T14:19:30Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Separable Attentional Predictors of Language Outcome
Salley, Brenda
Panneton, Robin K.
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Salley, B., Panneton, R. K. and Colombo, J. (2013), Separable Attentional Predictors of Language Outcome. Infancy, 18: 462–489. doi:10.1111/j.1532-7078.2012.00138.x, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-7078.2012.00138.x. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
The aim of this study was to examine the combined influences of infants attention and use of social cues in the prediction of their language outcomes. This longitudinal study measured infants' visual attention on a distractibility task (11 months), joint attention (14 months), and language outcomes (word –object association, 14 months; MBCDI vocabulary size and multi-word productions at 18 months of age). Path analyses were conducted for two different language outcomes. The analysis for vocabulary revealed unique direct prediction from infants' visual attention on a distractibility task (i.e., maintaining attention to a target event in the presence of competing events) and joint attention (i.e., more frequent response to tester's bids for attention) for larger vocabulary size at outcome; this model accounted for 48% of variance in vocabulary, after controlling for baseline communication status (assessed at 11 months). The analysis for multi-word productions yielded direct effects for infants' distractibility, but not joint attention; this model accounted for 45% of variance in multi-word productions, again after controlling for baseline communication status. Indirect effects were not significant in either model. Results are discussed in light of the unique predictive role of attentional factors and social/attention cues for emerging language.
2017-06-13T16:15:32Z
2017-06-13T16:15:32Z
2013
Article
Salley, B., Panneton, R. K. and Colombo, J. (2013), Separable Attentional Predictors of Language Outcome. Infancy, 18: 462–489. doi:10.1111/j.1532-7078.2012.00138.x
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24483
10.1111/j.1532-7078.2012.00138.x
PMC4204017
openAccess
application/pdf
Wiley
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/339802023-03-03T09:01:08Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Sexual Responsivity and the Effects of Negative Mood on Sexual Arousal in Hypersexual Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM)
Janssen, Erick
Prause, Nicole
Romine, Rebecca Swinburne
Raymond, Nancy
MacDonald, Angus, III
Coleman, Eli
Miner, Michael H.
Hypersexuality
Negative Mood
Sexual Arousal
Psychophysiology
MSM
This article has been accepted for publication in The Journal of Sexual Medicine Published by Oxford University Press.
Background
A number of studies have found that hypersexuality is associated with a high propensity for sexual excitation. In comparison, less is known about the relationship between hypersexuality and sexual arousal at the state level. Also, previous research has revealed a relationship between hypersexuality and negative mood. However, the possibility that sexual response might not be as negatively impacted by negative mood in hypersexual individuals has, as yet, not been tested.
Aim
The purpose of this study was to investigate sexual responsivity and the effects of negative mood on sexual arousal in hypersexual men who have sex with men (MSM).
Methods
A total of 211 MSM were assigned to a hypersexuality (N = 81) or a control (N = 130) group using an interview patterned with a semi-structured Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders format. Participants filled out questionnaires and were shown neutral, sexual, and anxiety- and sadness-inducing films.
Outcomes
Changes in penile circumference and self-reported sexual arousal were the primary outcomes analyzed in this study.
Results
Controlling for age and HIV status, no differences were found in genital response between hypersexual and non-hypersexual men. Also, the 2 groups did not differ in subjective sexual arousal. Moreover, no effects of negative mood were found. Time series clustering analyses revealed 3 groups—low responders and slow and fast high responders. Sexual excitation, but not sexual compulsivity or pornography use, predicted cluster membership.
Clinical Translation
Hypersexual MSM may benefit more from an exploration of motivational and behavioral, as compared to psychophysiological, mechanisms underlying possible links between (negative) mood and sexual behavior.
Strengths & Limitations
Strengths of the study include its sample size, making it one of the larger psychophysiological sex studies; the use of clinical interviews for group assignment; the inclusion of genital response measures; and the application of time series clustering to examine differences among participants. Limitations include possible sample heterogeneity and the reliance on researcher-selected stimuli.
Conclusion
Given the lack of any effects of negative mood on sexual response in hypersexual MSM, future studies could explore in more depth possible motivational and behavioral effects, including, for example, the impact of negative mood on the tendency to seek out sex as a form of distraction or for validation or emotional support.
2023-03-02T15:42:30Z
2023-03-02T15:42:30Z
2020-07-08
Article
Erick Janssen, PhD, Nicole Prause, PhD, Rebecca Swinburne Romine, PhD, Nancy Raymond, MD, Angus MacDonald, III, PhD, Eli Coleman, PhD, Michael H. Miner, PhD, Sexual Responsivity and the Effects of Negative Mood on Sexual Arousal in Hypersexual Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM), The Journal of Sexual Medicine, Volume 17, Issue 9, September 2020, Pages 1751–1760, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.05.005
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/33980
10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.05.005
PMC9461494
Copyright 2020, International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
openAccess
application/pdf
Oxford University Press
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/245722019-04-12T14:21:30Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Response
Melanson, Edward L.
Keadle, Sarah Kozey
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Braun, Barry
King, Neil A.
This is not the published version.
See the article "Resistance to exercise-induced weight loss: compensatory behavioral adaptations" here at http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24571.
2017-06-22T16:36:12Z
2017-06-22T16:36:12Z
2014-02
Article
Melanson, E., Kozy-Keadle, S., Donnelly, J. E., Braun, B., & King, N. A. (2014). Response. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 46(2), 424. http://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000165
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24572
10.1249/MSS.0000000000000165
PMC3908900
openAccess
application/pdf
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/323952022-01-12T09:01:20Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Upper and Lower Limb Movement Kinematics in Aging FMR1 Gene Premutation Carriers
Wang, Zheng
Lane, Callie
Terza, Matthew
Khemani, Pravin
Lui, Su
McKinney, Walker S.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
FMR1 gene
Fragile X−associated tremor/ataxia syndrome
Gait
Reaching
Kinematics
Cerebellum
Basal ganglia
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with a premutation cytosine-guanine-guanine (CGG) trinucleotide repeat expansion of the FMR1 gene. FXTAS is estimated to be the most common single-gene form of ataxia in the aging population. Gait ataxia and intention tremor are the primary behavioral symptoms of FXTAS, though clinical evaluation of these symptoms often is subjective, contributing to difficulties in reliably differentiating individuals with FXTAS and asymptomatic premutation carriers. This study aimed to clarify the extent to which quantitative measures of gait and upper limb kinematics may serve as biobehavioral markers of FXTAS degeneration. Nineteen premutation carriers (aged 46–77 years), including 9 with possible, probable, or definite FXTAS and 16 sex- and IQ-matched healthy controls, completed tests of non-constrained walking and reaching while both standing (static reaching) and walking (dynamic reaching) to quantify gait and upper limb control, respectively. For the non-constrained walking task, participants wore reflective markers and walked at their preferred speed on a walkway. During the static reaching task, participants reached and lifted boxes of different sizes while standing. During the dynamic reaching task, participants walked to reach and lift the boxes. Movement kinematics were examined in relation to clinical ratings of neuromotor impairments and CGG repeat length. During non-constrained walking, individuals with FXTAS showed decreased stride lengths and stride velocities, increased percentages of double support time, and increased variabilities of cadence and center of mass relative to both asymptomatic premutation carriers and controls. While individuals with FXTAS did not show any static reaching differences relative to the other two groups, they showed multiple differences during dynamic reaching trials, including reduced maximum reaching velocity, prolonged acceleration time, and jerkier movement of the shoulder, elbow, and hand. Gait differences during non-constrained walking were associated with more severe clinically rated posture and gait symptoms. Reduced maximum reaching velocity and increased jerkiness during dynamic reaching were each related to more severe clinically rated kinetic dysfunction and overall neuromotor symptoms in FMR1 premutation carriers. Our findings suggest kinematic alterations consistent with gait ataxia and upper limb bradykinesia are each selectively present in individuals with FXTAS, but not asymptomatic aging premutation carriers. Consistent with neuropathological and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of FXTAS, these findings implicate cerebellar and basal ganglia degeneration associated with neuromotor decline. Our results showing associations between quantitative kinematic differences in FXTAS and clinical ratings suggest that objective assessments of gait and reaching behaviors may serve as critical and reliable targets for detecting FXTAS risk and monitoring progression.
2022-01-11T21:02:33Z
2022-01-11T21:02:33Z
2020-12-24
Article
Wang, Z.; Lane, C.; Terza, M.; Khemani, P.; Lui, S.; McKinney, W.S.; Mosconi, M.W. Upper and Lower Limb Movement Kinematics in Aging FMR1 Gene Premutation Carriers. Brain Sci. 2021, 11, 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11010013
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32395
10.3390/brainsci11010013
PMC7823457
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
MDPI
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/233872018-01-19T18:37:46Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Inhibitory Control Processes and the Strategies That Support Them during Hand and Eye Movements
Schmitt, Lauren M.
Ankeny, Lisa D.
Sweeney, John A.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Stop Signal test
Inhibitory control
Response inhibition
Background and Aims: Adaptive behavior depends on the ability to voluntarily
suppress context-inappropriate behaviors, a process referred to as response inhibition.
Stop Signal tests (SSTs) are the most frequently studied paradigm used to assess
response inhibition. Previous studies of SSTs have indicated that inhibitory control
behavior can be explained using a common model in which GO and STOP processes
are initiated independent from one and another, and the process that is completed first
determines whether the behavior is elicited (GO process) or terminated (STOP process).
Consistent with this model, studies have indicated that individuals strategically delay
their behaviors during SSTs in order to increase their stopping abilities. Despite being
controlled by distinct neural systems, prior studies have largely documented similar
inhibitory control performance across eye and hand movements. Though, no existing
studies have compared the extent to which individuals strategically delay behavior
across different effectors is not yet clear. Here, we compared the extent to which
inhibitory control processes and the cognitive strategies that support them during
oculomotor and manual motor behaviors.
Methods: We examined 29 healthy individuals who performed parallel oculomotor
and manual motor SSTs. Participants also completed a separate block of GO trials
administered prior to the Stop Signal tests to assess baseline reaction times for each
effector and reaction time increases during interleaved GO trials of the SST.
Results: Our results showed that stopping errors increased for both effectors as
the interval between GO and STOP cues was increased (i.e., stop signal delay), but
performance deteriorated more rapidly for eye compared to hand movements with
increases in stop signal delay. During GO trials, participants delayed the initiation
of their responses for each effector, and greater slowing of reaction times on GO
trials was associated with increased accuracy on STOP trials for both effectors.
However, participants delayed their eye movements to a lesser degree than their hand
movements, and strategic reaction time slowing was a stronger determinant of stopping
accuracy for hand compared to eye movements. Overall, stopping accuracies for eye
and hand movements were only modestly correlated, and the time it took individuals to
cancel a response was not related for eye and hand movements.
Discussion and Conclusion: Our findings that GO and STOP processes are
independent and that individuals strategically delay their behavioral responses to
increase stopping accuracy regardless of effector indicate that inhibitory control of
Frontiers in Psychology | www.frontiersin.org 1 December 2016 | Volume 7 | Article 1927
Schmitt et al. Inhibitory Control of Hand and Eye Movements
oculomotor and manual motor behaviors both follow common guiding principles.
Yet, our findings document that eye movements are more difficult to inhibit than
hand movements, and the timing, magnitude, and impact of cognitive control
strategies used to support voluntary response inhibition are less robust for eye
compared to hand movements. This suggests that inhibitory control systems also
show unique characteristics that are behavior-dependent. This conclusion is consistent
with neurophysiological evidence showing important differences in the architecture and
functional properties of the neural systems involved in inhibitory control of eye and hand
movements. It also suggests that characterizing inhibitory control processes in health
and disease requires effector-specific analysis.
NIH Autism Center of Excellence P50HD055751; MH092696, and the Kansas Center for Autism Research and Training Research Investment Council Strategic Initiative Grant
2017-03-09T20:44:48Z
2017-03-09T20:44:48Z
2016-12-09
Article
Schmitt LM, Ankeny LD, Sweeney JA and Mosconi MW (2016) Inhibitory Control Processes and the Strategies That Support Them during Hand and Eye Movements. Front. Psychol. 7:1927. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01927
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23387
10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01927
© 2016 Schmitt, Ankeny, Sweeney and Mosconi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0).
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Frontiers Media
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/296432021-10-28T19:43:32Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Cortical and subcortical alterations associated with precision visuomotor behavior in individuals with autism spectrum disorder
Unruh, Kathryn E.
Martin, Laura
Magnon, Grant
Vaillancourt, David E.
Sweeney, John A.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Autism spectrum disorders
Visuomotor
Precision grip
Cerebellum
Putamen
Motor cortex
Sensorimotor
In addition to core deficits in social-communication abilities and repetitive behaviors and interests, many 2 patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience developmental comorbidities, including 3 sensorimotor issues. Sensorimotor issues are common in ASD and associated with more severe clinical 4 symptoms. Importantly, sensorimotor behaviors are precisely quantifiable and highly translational, 5 offering promising targets for neurophysiological studies of ASD. We used functional MRI to identify 6 brain regions associated with sensorimotor behavior using a visually-guided precision gripping task in 7 individuals with ASD (N=20) and age-, IQ-, and handedness-matched controls (N=18). During 8 visuomotor behavior, individuals with ASD showed greater force variability than controls. BOLD signal 9 for multiple cortical and subcortical regions was associated with force variability, including motor and 10 premotor cortex, posterior parietal cortex, extrastriate cortex, putamen, and cerebellum. Activation in 11 right premotor cortex scaled with sensorimotor variability in controls, but not in ASD. Individuals with 12 ASD showed greater activation than controls in left putamen and left cerebellar lobule VIIb and activation 13 in these regions was associated with more severe clinically-rated symptoms of ASD. Together, these 14 results suggest that greater sensorimotor variability in ASD is associated with altered cortical-striatal 15 processes supporting action selection and cortical-cerebellar circuits involved in feedback-guided reactive 16 adjustments of motor output. Our findings also indicate that atypical organization of visuomotor cortical 17 circuits may result in heightened reliance on subcortical circuits typically dedicated to motor skill 18 acquisition. Overall, these results provide new evidence that sensorimotor alterations in ASD involve 19 aberrant cortical and subcortical organization that may contribute to key clinical issues in patients. 20
21
New and noteworthy: This is the first known study to examine functional brain activation during 22 precision visuomotor behavior in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We replicate previous findings of 23 elevated force variability in ASD and find these deficits are associated with atypical function of ventral 24 premotor cortex, putamen, and posterolateral cerebellum, indicating cortical-striatal processes supporting 25 action selection and cortical-cerebellar circuits involved in feedback-guided reactive adjustments of motor 26 output may be key targets for understanding the neurobiology of ASD.
NICHD 055751
NIMH R01 12743-01
NCATS TL1 TR002368,
Kansas Center for Autism Research and Training (K-CART) Research Investment Council Strategic Initiative Grant
2019-10-21T15:02:10Z
2019-10-21T15:02:10Z
2019-09-23
Article
Unruh, K. E., Martin, L. E., Magnon, G. C., Vaillancourt, D. E., Sweeney, J. A., & Mosconi, M. W. (2019). Cortical and subcortical alterations associated with precision visuomotor behavior in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of neurophysiology.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/29643
10.1152/jn.00286.2019
Copyright © 2019 the American Physiological Society
openAccess
application/pdf
American Physiological Society
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/206422018-10-30T16:26:16Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
What Makes Mathematics Manipulatives Effective? Lessons From Cognitive Science and Montessori Education
Laski, Elida V.
Jor'dan, Jamilah R.
Daoust, Carolyn
Murray, Angela
Manipulatives are ubiquitous in early childhood classrooms; yet, findings regarding their efficacy for learning mathematics concepts are inconsistent. In this article, we present four general principles that have emerged from cognitive science about ways to ensure that manipulatives promote learning when used with young children. We also describe how Montessori instruction offers a concrete example of the application of these principles in practice, which may, in turn, explain the high levels of mathematics achievement among children who attend Montessori programs during early childhood. The general principles and concrete examples presented in this article should help early childhood programs maximize the benefits of using manipulatives for developmentally appropriate mathematics instruction.
Walk into any early childhood classroom and you are sure to see mathematics manipulatives. Manipulatives are concrete materials (e.g., blocks, tiles) used to demonstrate a mathematics concept or to support the execution of a mathematical procedure. They have become a mainstay of mathematical instruction in America as well as internationally (e.g., Correa, Perry, Sims, Miller, & Fang, 2008; Puchner, Taylor, O’Donnell, & Fick, 2008). In a study of two school districts, the average elementary teacher reported using manipulatives nearly every day (Uribe-Flórez & Wilkins, 2010).
Research examining the advantages of instruction using manipulatives, however, is inconsistent: Some studies find that manipulatives promote learning, whereas others find that they hinder it. A recent meta-analysis of 55 studies that compared instruction with or without manipulatives suggests that manipulatives can benefit learning, but only under certain conditions (Carbonneau, Marley, & Selig, 2013). For instance, differences in the benefits of manipulatives were associated with the content being taught; manipulatives were more advantageous for learning about fractions than for learning arithmetic. The results also indicated that instruction with manipulatives was least effective for children between the ages of 3 and 6 years, with very small and sometimes negative effects. These findings suggest that the efficacy of manipulatives for promoting learning may depend on the conditions under which they are used.
Given the lack of clear evidence supporting the use of manipulatives, should they be used to teach mathematics in early childhood? We believe the answer is yes—if careful consideration is given to what research has identified about the conditions under which when manipulatives are likely to promote, rather than hinder, learning. Cognitive science research, in particular, has generated a considerable amount of knowledge that could be useful for improving instruction so that all young children can acquire the mathematics knowledge necessary for success, as described in National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standards and Common Core standards (Laski, Reeves, Ganley, & Mitchell, 2013; NCTM, 2006; National Governors Association Center for Best Practices, Council of Chief State School Officers, 2010; Newcombe et al., 2009; Siegler, 2003). In this article, we discuss the findings from cognitive science relevant to the use of manipulatives in early childhood math instruction, and synthesize them into four principles for maximizing the effective use of mathematics manipulatives.
To demonstrate how early childhood instruction can reflect these principles, we offer examples from Montessori instruction. Maria Montessori (Montessori & Simmonds, 1917) was among the first educators to develop materials specifically designed to instantiate mathematics concepts. She developed a wide array of materials designed to help children understand concepts, such as place value (Lillard, 2005). Children who attend Montessori programs in early childhood demonstrate high levels of mathematics achievement. Children who were randomly selected to attend a Montessori program scored higher on a standardized math test than children who had not been selected and attended a non-Montessori program (Lillard & Else-Quest, 2006). In fact, close adherence to the Montessori approach seems to promote better math learning: Children who attend high-fidelity Montessori programs are more likely to have higher standardized math scores than those who attend lower fidelity Montessori or traditional early childhood programs (Lillard, 2012). The benefits of the Montessori approach to mathematics learning in early childhood may, at least in part, be due to its effective use of manipulatives.
2016-04-06T18:20:35Z
2016-04-06T18:20:35Z
2015-06-26
Article
Laski, E. V., J. R. Jor'dan, C. Daoust, and A. K. Murray. "What Makes Mathematics Manipulatives Effective? Lessons From Cognitive Science and Montessori Education." SAGE Open 5.2 (2015): n. pag. doi:10.1177/2158244015589588
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/20642
10.1177/2158244015589588
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6310-8842
http://sgo.sagepub.com/content/5/2/2158244015589588
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (http://www.uk.sagepub.com/aboutus/openaccess.htm).
http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
SAGE Publications
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/254432017-11-21T09:02:09Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Alterations in the functional neural circuitry supporting flexible choice behavior in autism spectrum disorders
D'Cruz, Anna-Maria
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Ragozzino, M. E.
Cook, Edwin H.
Sweeney, John A.
Autism spectrum disorders
Human behaviour
Restricted and repetitive behaviors, and a pronounced preference for behavioral and environmental consistency, are distinctive characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Alterations in frontostriatal circuitry that supports flexible behavior might underlie this behavioral impairment. In an functional magnetic resonance imaging study of 17 individuals with ASD, and 23 age-, gender- and IQ-matched typically developing control participants, reversal learning tasks were used to assess behavioral flexibility as participants switched from one learned response choice to a different response choice when task contingencies changed. When choice outcome after reversal was uncertain, the ASD group demonstrated reduced activation in both frontal cortex and ventral striatum, in the absence of task performance differences. When the outcomes of novel responses were certain, there was no difference in brain activation between groups. Reduced activation in frontal cortex and ventral striatum suggest problems in decision-making and response planning, and in processing reinforcement cues, respectively. These processes, and their integration, are essential for flexible behavior. Alterations in these systems may therefore contribute to a rigid adherence to preferred behavioral patterns in individuals with an ASD. These findings provide an additional impetus for the use of reversal learning paradigms as a translational model for treatment development targeting the domain of restricted and repetitive behaviors in ASD.
2017-11-20T18:01:47Z
2017-11-20T18:01:47Z
2016-10-11
Article
Dcruz, A., Mosconi, M. W., Ragozzino, M. E., Cook, E. H., & Sweeney, J. A. (2016). Alterations in the functional neural circuitry supporting flexible choice behavior in autism spectrum disorders. Translational Psychiatry, 6(10). doi:10.1038/tp.2016.161
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/25443
10.1038/tp.2016.161
© The Author(s) 2016 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Nature Publishing Group
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/243682018-07-17T15:58:23Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
The Midwest Exercise Trial for the Prevention of Weight Regain: MET POWeR
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Washburn, Richard A.
Sullivan, Debra K.
Honas, Jeffery J.
Mayo, Matthew S.
Goetz, Jeannine
Lee, Jaehoon
Szabo, Amanda N.
Aerobic exercise
Weight management
Weight regain
Obesity
Gender
Energy expenditure
Weight reduction in overweight and obese individual’s results in physiological and behavioral changes that make the prevention of weight regain more difficult than either initial weight loss or the prevention of weight gain. Exercise is recommended for the prevention of weight regain by both governmental agencies and professional organizations. To date, the effectiveness of exercise recommendations for the prevention of weight regain has not been evaluated in a properly designed, adequately powered trial. Therefore, we will conduct a randomized trial to evaluate the effectiveness of 3 levels of exercise on the prevention of weight regain, in initially overweight and obese sedentary men and women. Participants will complete a 3 month weight loss intervention of decreased energy intake (EI) and increased exercise (100 minutes/week). Participants achieving clinically significant weight loss (≥ 5% of initial weight), will then be randomly assigned to 12 months of verified exercise at 3 levels (150, 225 or 300 minutes/week). This study will evaluate: 1) the effectiveness of 3 levels of exercise on the prevention of weight regain over 12 months subsequent to clinically significant weight loss (≥ 5%); 2) gender differences in weight regain in response to 3 levels of exercise; and 3) potential compensatory changes in daily physical activity (PA) and EI on weight regain in response to 3 levels of exercise. Results of this investigation will provide information to develop evidenced based recommendations for the level of exercise associated with the prevention of weight regain.
2017-06-05T18:12:00Z
2017-06-05T18:12:00Z
2013-11
Article
Donnelly, J. E., Washburn, R. A., Sullivan, D. K., Honas, J. J., Mayo, M. S., Goetz, J., … Szabo, A. N. (2013). The Midwest Exercise Trial for the Prevention of Weight Regain: MET POWeR. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 36(2), 10.1016/j.cct.2013.08.011. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2013.08.011
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24368
10.1016/j.cct.2013.08.011
PMC3844028
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/309142020-11-25T09:01:10Zcom_1808_267com_1808_238col_1808_16906col_1808_13429
The Effects of Physical Activity on Learning Behaviors in Elementary School Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Harvey, Susan P.
Lambourne, Kate
Greene, Jerry L.
Gibson, Cheryl A.
Lee, Jaehoon
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Learner behaviors
Behavioral engagement
Physical activity
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Research in education and developmental psychology indicates that behavioral engagement in learning is a critical predictor of children’s academic success. In an effort to improve academic achievement, school administrators are continually in search of methods to increase behavioral engagement. Previous research has indicated that classroom-based physical activity (PA) lessons have a positive impact on academic achievement. However, little research has been done in assessing the impact of such interventions on the behavioral engagement of students with learning behavior difficulties. This study assesses the impact of classroom-based PA on teacher-rated classroom behaviors of students with identified learning behavior difficulties. Two schools (one intervention, one control) participating in a larger, cluster-randomized trial provided scores on a teacher-administered classroom behavior scale. This scale was used to collect information on 15 characteristics identified as being essential to behavioral engagement. Participants included male and female students in second and third grade classrooms who were identified by their classroom teacher and school counselor as having difficulties with learning behaviors. Mixed linear modeling for repeated measures was used to examine the changes over time in the classroom behavior scores. The intervention group showed significant improvement over time in classroom behavior while the control group showed no change or a slight degradation over time (i.e., group × time interaction, F[2132] = 4.52, p = 0.01). Schools must meet the diverse needs of students today, including those who exhibit less than optimal learning behaviors. Combined with the evidence that PA is linked to several health and cognitive-behavior benefits, providing classroom-based PA that is incorporated within the curriculum provides common ground for all students to participate. It is a potential solution to increasing behavioral engagement, and in turn stimulating and enhancing learning.
2020-11-24T20:45:07Z
2020-11-24T20:45:07Z
2017-07-17
Article
Harvey, S. P., Lambourne, K., Greene, J. L., Gibson, C. A., Lee, J., & Donnelly, J. E. (2018). The Effects of Physical Activity on Learning Behaviors in Elementary School Children: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Contemporary school psychology, 22(3), 303–312. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40688-017-0143-0
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30914
10.1007/s40688-017-0143-0
PMC6428312
Copyright © 2017, The Author(s)
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openAccess
application/pdf
Springer
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/234332018-07-17T15:18:45Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Photo-assisted recall increases estimates of energy and macronutrient intake in adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Ptomey, Lauren Taylor
Herrmann, Stephen D.
Lee, Jaehoon
Sullivan, Debra K.
Rondon, Mary F.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
24-hour dietary recall
Intellectual and development disabilities
Photo-assisted dietary recall
Diet assessment of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) is challenging due to their limited cognitive abilities. The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility and outcomes of combining photos with 24-hour dietary recalls for the assessment of energy and macronutrient intake in adults with IDD. Participants used an iPad 2 tablet computer to take photos of all food and beverages consumed before a standard, multiple-pass, 24-hour dietary recall. Following the standard 24-hour diet recall, the photos were reviewed with the participant for clarification details (e.g., portion size, etc.) and differences were recorded. The standard 24-hour recall and the photo-assisted recall were entered separately into Nutrition Data System for Research for computerized dietary analysis. Sixty-four eating occasions were entered from 23 participants (48% female; mean age 26.4 ±9.7 years). Participants captured photos for 66.5% ± 30.4% of all recorded eating occasions. Greater energy intake per eating occasion was reported with the photo-assisted recalls than the standard recalls (625.6 ± 85.7 kcals vs. 497.2 ± 86.6 kcals, p=0.002) and a greater intake of grams of fat (p=0.006) protein (p=0.029) and carbohydrates (p=0.003). Photo-assisted 24-hour recalls provided a significant increase in total calories and macronutrient content compared to a standard 24-hour recall and may be a feasible method to enhance dietary assessment in adults with IDD.
2017-03-17T19:35:29Z
2017-03-17T19:35:29Z
2013-10-04
Article
Ptomey, Lauren T., Stephen D. Herrmann, Jaehoon Lee, Debra K. Sullivan, Mary F. Rondon, and Joseph E. Donnelly. "Photo-Assisted Recall Increases Estimates of Energy and Macronutrient Intake in Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities." Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 113.12 (2013): 1704-709.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23433
10.1016/j.jand.2013.07.029
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 3.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 US), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/238202018-07-17T15:37:25Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Establishing a Conditional Signal for Assistance in Teenagers with Blindness
Saunders, Muriel D.
Sella, Ana Carolina
Attri, Dua
Saunders, Richard R.
Five teenagers with severe intellectual impairments and no discernible communication skills were enrolled in training to teach a conditional request for assistance using a speech-generating device (SGD). All were either blind or severely visually impaired since birth. All learned to operate an adaptive switch to control sensory outcomes, next showed preferences among sensory outcomes, and then demonstrated the ability to use their switch to signal for assistance with an SGD when the sensory outcome was remotely disabled. During the signaling phase, or subsequent attempts to generalize its use outside the laboratory, 3 participants began vocalizing. Most notably, they began imitation of the word “song” or the word “help” emitted by the SGD. The potential role of cause-and-effect training with adaptive switches is discussed.
2017-04-26T19:33:05Z
2017-04-26T19:33:05Z
2013-03-05
Article
Saunders, Muriel D. et al. “Establishing a Conditional Signal for Assistance in Teenagers with Blindness.” Research in developmental disabilities 34.5 (2013): 1488–1497.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23820
10.1016/j.ridd.2012.12.012
PMC3630498
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 3.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 US), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/307792020-10-20T08:00:49Zcom_1808_238com_1808_774col_1808_13429col_1808_775
Developmental trajectory of communication repair in children with Fragile X Syndrome
Fielding-Gebhardt, Heather
Warren, Steven F.
Brady, Nancy C.
Pragmatics
Fragile X
Language development
Social communication
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Background and aims
The development of communicative competence requires both language and social skills. The ability to repair following a communication breakdown is critical for continued conversational interchange and to ensure comprehension of bids for communication. Communication repair demonstrates adequate language and social skills. Children with Fragile X Syndrome have difficulty with language development and social skills, which may result in delays or deficits in repair. Repair may be additionally impaired in children with Fragile X Syndrome and co-morbid autism. This study examined the development of repair in children with Fragile X Syndrome from toddlerhood into middle childhood.
Methods
Fifty-five children with Fragile X Syndrome and their biological mothers participated. Data were collected during in-home visits approximately every 18 months. Videotaped mother–child interactions were collected, as well as standardized assessments of language, social skills, and autism symptomology.
Results
Children with Fragile X Syndrome acquired the ability to repair at 90% mastery by three-and-a-half years of age. Multilevel logistic regressions predicting probability of repair indicated marginally significant effects of mean length of utterance and number of different words, and significant effects of global social skills and autism symptomology. Effect sizes were small to moderate.
Conclusions
Ability to repair was measured in a naturalistic setting, which allowed children with Fragile X Syndrome to utilize repairs in their daily interactions. Although children with Fragile X Syndrome may have delayed development of repair relative to typically developing expectations, in general they nonetheless catch up and demonstrate a robust ability to repair by three-and-a-half years of age. However, this study provides evidence that individual differences in language and social skills may influence ability to repair in children with Fragile X Syndrome. Finally, the relationship between autism symptoms and repair remains unclear, necessitating further exploration.
Implications: Given the noted delay in repair in young children with Fragile X Syndrome, clinicians working with this population should target development of this skill as early as possible to maximize successful social interactions. This may be particularly necessary for children with Fragile X Syndrome and co-morbid autism.
NIH T32 DC000052
NICHD R01 HD084563
NICHD P30 HD003110
P30 HD02538
2020-10-19T14:03:41Z
2020-10-19T14:03:41Z
2020-02-27
Article
Fielding-Gebhardt, H., Warren, S. F., & Brady, N. C. (2020). Developmental Trajectory of Communication Repair in Children with Fragile X Syndrome. Autism & developmental language impairments, 5, 10.1177/2396941520909014. https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941520909014
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30779
10.1177/2396941520909014
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4841-5208
PMC7377316
Copyright The Author(s) 2020
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
SAGE Publications
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/238492019-04-12T14:16:05Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Development of the Communication Complexity Scale
Brady, Nancy C.
Fleming, Kandace
Thiemann-Bourque, Kathy S.
Olswang, Lesley
Dowden, Patricia
Saunders, Muriel D.
Accurate description of an individual's communication status is critical in both research and practice. Describing the communication status of individuals with severe intellectual and developmental disabilities is difficult because these individuals often communicate with presymbolic means that may not be readily recognized. Our goal was to design a communication scale and summary score for interpretation that could be applied across populations of children and adults with limited (often presymbolic) communication forms.
2017-04-27T19:39:49Z
2017-04-27T19:39:49Z
2012-02
Article
Brady, N. C., Fleming, K., Thiemann-Bourque, K., Olswang, L., Dowden, P., & Saunders, M. D. (2012). Development of the Communication Complexity Scale. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 21(1), 16–28. http://doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360(2011/10-0099)
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23849
10.1044/1058-0360(2011/10-0099)
PMC3273619
Copyright © 2012 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
openAccess
application/pdf
American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/247092019-04-12T14:23:29Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity in Prader–Willi Syndrome Comparison With Obese Subjects
Butler, Merlin G.
Theodoro, Mariana F.
Bittel, Douglas C.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS)
Obesity
Whole-room respiration chamber
Total and resting energy expenditure
Mechanical work
Lean body mass
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Butler, Merlin G. et al. “Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity in Prader–Willi Syndrome: Comparison With Obese Subjects.” American journal of medical genetics. Part A 143A.5 (2007): 449–459., which has been published in final form at 10.1002/ajmg.a.31507. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hypotonia, suck and feeding difficulties, hypogonadism, small hands and feet, developmental delay, hyperphagia and early childhood obesity and a particular facial appearance. The obesity associated with PWS is the result of a chronic imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure (EE) due to hyperphagia, decreased physical activity, reduced metabolic rate and an inability to vomit. EE is affected by body composition as well as exercise. Individuals with PWS have a lower lean body mass (LBM) compared with controls which may contribute to reduced basal level EE. To determine the relationship among body composition, activity levels and metabolic rates, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and a whole-room respiration chamber were used to measure body composition, total EE (TEE), resting EE (REE), physical activity, and mechanical work (MW) during an 8 hr monitoring period. The chamber consisted of a live-in whole-room indirect calorimeter equipped with a force platform floor to allow simultaneous measurement of EE, physical activity, and work efficiency during spontaneous activities and standardized exercise. Participants with PWS (27 with 15q11–q13 deletion and 21 with maternal disomy 15 with an average age of 23 years) had significantly decreased TEE by 20% and reduced LBM compared to 24 obese subjects. Similarly, REE was significantly reduced by 16% in the individuals with PWS relative to the comparison subjects. Total MW performed during the 8 hr monitoring period was significantly reduced by 35% in the PWS group. The energy cost of physical activity is related to the duration, intensity and type of activity and the metabolic efficiency of the individual. After adjusting group differences in LBM by analysis of variance, TEE and REE were no longer different between the two groups. Our data indicate that there is a significant reduction of EE in individuals with PWS resulting from reduced activity but also from lower energy utilization due to reduced LBM which consists primarily of muscle.
2017-07-05T16:05:47Z
2017-07-05T16:05:47Z
2007-03-01
Article
Butler, Merlin G. et al. “Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity in Prader–Willi Syndrome: Comparison With Obese Subjects.” American journal of medical genetics. Part A 143A.5 (2007): 449–459.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24709
10.1002/ajmg.a.31507
PMC5459598
openAccess
application/pdf
Wiley
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/193682019-04-12T14:33:33Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Structuring Joint Action Routines: A Strategy for Facilitating Communication and Language Development in the Classroom
Snyder-McLean, Lee K.
Solomonson, Barbara
McLean, James E.
Sack, Sara
The study of early child language has produced a wealth of new data and concomitant theories over the past decade, and these new perspectives offer important implications to those of us engaged in clinical practice. We have noted elsewhere that this current literature on early child language has specific implications for designing appropriate targets, contexts, and procedures for language therapy (McLean and Snyder-McLean, 1978; McLean, Snyder-McLean, and Sack, 1983). In this article, we will concentrate on these two latter areas: contexts and procedures for language intervention and, more specifically, on the combination of these elements in the form of structured joint action routines.
2015-12-31T18:03:24Z
2015-12-31T18:03:24Z
1984
Article
Snyder-McLean, Lee K., Solomonson, Barbara, McLean, James E., Sack, Sara. Structuring Joint Action Routines: A Strategy for Facilitating Communication and Language Development in the Classroom. Seminars in Speech and Language 1984; 5(3): 213-228. DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1085179
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19368
10.1055/s-0028-1085179
openAccess
application/pdf
Thieme Medical Publisher, Inc.
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/134322018-07-13T15:21:24Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Comparison of a low carbohydrate and low fat diet for weight maintenance in overweight or obese adults enrolled in a clinical weight management program
LeCheminant, James D.
Gibson, Cheryl A.
Dullivan, Debra K.
Hall, Sandra
Washburn, Rik A.
Vernon, Mary C.
Curry, Chelsea
Stewart, Elizabeth
Westman, Eric C.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Dietary carbohydrates
Dietary fats
Adult
Aged
Body Weight/physiology
Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted
Diet, Fat-Restricted
Diet, Reducing
Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage
Dietary Fats/administration & dosage
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Obesity/diet therapy
Overweight/diet therapy
Treatment Outcome
Weight Loss
BACKGROUND:
Recent evidence suggests that a low carbohydrate (LC) diet may be equally or more effective for short-term weight loss than a traditional low fat (LF) diet; however, less is known about how they compare for weight maintenance. The purpose of this study was to compare body weight (BW) for participants in a clinical weight management program, consuming a LC or LF weight maintenance diet for 6 months following weight loss.
METHODS:
Fifty-five (29 low carbohydrate diet; 26 low fat diet) overweight/obese middle-aged adults completed a 9 month weight management program that included instruction for behavior, physical activity (PA), and nutrition. For 3 months all participants consumed an identical liquid diet (2177 kJ/day) followed by 1 month of re-feeding with solid foods either low in carbohydrate or low in fat. For the remaining 5 months, participants were prescribed a meal plan low in dietary carbohydrate (~20%) or fat (~30%). BW and carbohydrate or fat grams were collected at each group meeting. Energy and macronutrient intake were assessed at baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months.
RESULTS:
The LC group increased BW from 89.2 +/- 14.4 kg at 3 months to 89.3 +/- 16.1 kg at 9 months (P = 0.84). The LF group decreased BW from 86.3 +/- 12.0 kg at 3 months to 86.0 +/- 14.0 kg at 9 months (P = 0.96). BW was not different between groups during weight maintenance (P = 0.87). Fifty-five percent (16/29) and 50% (13/26) of participants for the LC and LF groups, respectively, continued to decrease their body weight during weight maintenance.
CONCLUSION:
Following a 3 month liquid diet, the LC and LF diet groups were equally effective for BW maintenance over 6 months; however, there was significant variation in weight change within each group.
This research has been supported, in part, by Health Management Resources and the Atkins Foundation.
2014-04-10T15:07:44Z
2014-04-10T15:07:44Z
2007-11-01
Article
LeCheminant, James D, Cheryl A. Gibson, Debra K. Sullivan, Sandra Hall, Rik Washburn, Mary C. Vernon, Chelsea Curry, Elizabeth Stewart, Eric C. Westman, Joseph E. Donnelly. 2007. “Comparison of a low carbohydrate and low fat diet for weight maintenance in overweight or obese adults enrolled in a clinical weight management program.” Nutrition Journal 6:36. PMID:
17976244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-6-36
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/13432
10.1186/1475-2891-6-36
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/17976244/
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
openAccess
application/pdf
BioMed Central
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/244652019-04-12T14:19:30Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Pupil and Salivary Indicators of Autonomic Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Anderson, Christa J.
Colombo, John
Unruh, Kathryn E.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autonomic Nervous System
Pupil Size
Norepinephrine
Alpha-amylase
Cortisol
Eye-Tracking
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Anderson, C. J., Colombo, J. and Unruh, K. E. (2013), Pupil and salivary indicators of autonomic dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder. Dev. Psychobiol., 55: 465–482. doi:10.1002/dev.21051, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21051. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Dysregulated tonic pupil size has been reported in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Among the possible sources of this dysregulation are disruptions in the feedback loop between norepinephrine (NE) and hypothalamic systems. In the current study, we examined afternoon levels of salivary alpha-amylase (sAA, a putative correlate of NE) and cortisol (used to assess stress-based responses) in two independent samples of children with ASD. We found a larger pupil size and lower sAA levels in ASD, compared to typical and clinical age-matched controls. This was substantiated at the individual level, as sAA levels were strongly correlated with tonic pupil size. Relatively little diurnal variation in sAA taken in the home environment in the ASD group was also observed, while typical controls showed a significant linear increase throughout the day. Results are discussed in terms of potential early biomarkers and the elucidation of underlying neural dysfunction in ASD.
2017-06-12T15:59:55Z
2017-06-12T15:59:55Z
2013-07
Article
Anderson, C. J., Colombo, J., & Unruh, K. E. (2013). Pupil and Salivary Indicators of Autonomic Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Developmental Psychobiology, 55(5), 10.1002/dev.21051. http://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21051
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24465
10.1002/dev.21051
PMC3832142
openAccess
application/pdf
Wiley
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/324112022-01-18T09:00:51Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Weight status and associated comorbidities in children and adults with Down syndrome, autism spectrum disorder and intellectual and developmental disabilities
Ptomey, L. T.
Walpitage, D. L.
Mohseni, M.
Dreyer Gillette, M. L.
Davis, A. M.
Forseth, B.
Dean, E. E.
Waitman, L. R.
Disabilities
Down syndrome
Autism
Obesity
Children
Adults
Weight
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Ptomey, L. T., Walpitage, D. L., Mohseni, M., Dreyer Gillette, M. L., Davis, A. M., Forseth, B., Dean, E. E., and Waitman, L. R. (2020) Weight status and associated comorbidities in children and adults with Down syndrome, autism spectrum disorder and intellectual and developmental disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 64: 725– 737. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12767, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12767. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.
Background
Little is known about body weight status and the association between body weight and common comorbidities in children and adults with Down syndrome (DS), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs).
Methods
Data were extracted from the University of Kansas Medical Center's Healthcare Enterprise Repository for Ontological Narration clinical integrated data repository. Measures included demographics (sex, age and race), disability diagnosis, comorbid health conditions, height, weight and body mass index percentiles (BMI%ile; <18 years of age) or BMI (≥18 years of age).
Results
Four hundred and sixty-eight individuals with DS (122 children and 346 adults), 1659 individuals with ASD (1073 children and 585 adults) and 604 individuals with other IDDs (152 children and 452 adults) were identified. A total of 47.0% (DS), 41.9% (ASD) and 33.5% (IDD) of children had overweight/obese (OW/OB), respectively. Children with DS were more likely to have OW/OB compared with children with IDD or ASD [odds ratio (OR) = 1.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.49, 2.46); OR = 1.43, 95% CI: (1.19, 1.72)], respectively. A total of 81.1% (DS), 62.1% (ASD), and 62.4% (IDD) of adults were OW/OB, respectively. Adults with DS were more likely to have OW/OB compared with those with IDD [OR = 2.56, 95% CI: (2.16, 3.02)]. No significant differences were observed by race. In children with ASD, higher OW/OB was associated with significantly higher (compared with non-OW/OB) occurrence of sleep apnoea [OR = 2.94, 95% CI: (2.22, 3.89)], hypothyroidism [OR = 3.14, 95% CI: (2.17, 4.25)] and hypertension [OR = 4.11, 95% CI: (3.05, 5.54)]. In adults with DS, OW/OB was significantly associated with higher risk of sleep apnoea and type 2 diabetes [OR = 2.93, 95% CI: (2.10, 4.09); OR = 1.76, 95% CI: (1.11, 2.79) respectively]. Similarly, in adults with ASD and IDD, OW/OB was significantly associated with higher risk of sleep apnoea [OR = 3.39, 95% CI: (2.37, 4.85) and OR = 6.69, 95% CI: (4.43, 10.10)], type 2 diabetes [OR = 2.25, 95 % CI: (1.68, 3.01) and OR = 5.49, 95% CI: (3.96, 7.61)] and hypertension [OR = 3.55, 95% CI: (2.76, 4.57) and 3.97, 95% CI: (3.17, 4.97)].
Conclusion
Findings suggest higher rates of OW/OB in individuals with DS compared with ASD and IDD. Given the increased risk of comorbidities associated with the increased risk of OW/OB, identification of effective interventions for this special population of individuals is critical.
2022-01-17T19:56:24Z
2022-01-17T19:56:24Z
2020-07-27
Article
Ptomey, L. T., Walpitage, D. L., Mohseni, M., Dreyer Gillette, M. L., Davis, A. M., Forseth, B., Dean, E. E., and Waitman, L. R. (2020) Weight status and associated comorbidities in children and adults with Down syndrome, autism spectrum disorder and intellectual and developmental disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 64: 725– 737. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12767.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32411
10.1111/jir.12767
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-1705-1643
PMC8486319
© 2020 MENCAP and International Association of the Scientific Study of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
openAccess
application/pdf
Wiley
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/244712019-04-12T14:19:29Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Instruction using the Picture Exchange Communication Systems (PECS) appears to enhance generalization of communication skills among children with autism in comparison to Responsive Education and Prelinguistic Milieu Teaching (RPMT)1
Thiemann-Bourque, Kathy S.
This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention in 2010, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/17489539.2011.554004.
Which of two methods of training communication skills, PECS or RPMT, produces greater generalization of the use of graphic symbols to communicate in children with ASD?
2017-06-12T19:11:19Z
2017-06-12T19:11:19Z
2010
Article
Thiemann-Bourque, K. S. (2010). Instruction using the Picture Exchange Communication Systems (PECS) appears to enhance generalization of communication skills among children with autism in comparison to Responsive Education and Prelinguistic Milieu Teaching (RPMT). Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention, 4(4), 10.1080/17489539.2011.554004. http://doi.org/10.1080/17489539.2011.554004
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24471
10.1080/17489539.2011.554004
PMC3878441
openAccess
application/pdf
Taylor & Francis
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/240442019-04-12T14:16:52Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Teaching Individuals to Signal for Assistance in a Timely Manner
Saunders, Muriel D.
Saunders, Richard R.
Signaling
Severely multiply disabled
Adaptive switch
Speech-generating device
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Saunders, M. D., & Saunders, R. R. (2012). Teaching Individuals to Signal for Assistance in a Timely Manner. Behavioral Interventions : Theory & Practice in Residential & Community-Based Clinical Programs, 27(4), 10.1002/bin.1346. http://doi.org/10.1002/bin.1346, which has been published in final form at doi.org/10.1002/bin.1346. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving
The study describes the adaptive-switch performances of 8 adults with severe multiple impairments. Each was given a series of progressively more difficult discrimination tasks that, if solved, would require the participant to close the switch to activate a device that was not operating or to stay away from the switch if the device was operating. Then in a 2-choice format, a preference test was conducted by providing 2 devices simultaneously that could be activated or deactivated by closure or release of the switch. Finally, a preferred device was activated and then surreptitiously deactivated. Switch closures in this contingency activated a speech-generating device that played the message, “Help me.” All 8 participants learned to control devices using their adaptive switch, but only 4 participants learned to make a request for help. Reasons for the different performances across learners and nonlearners are discussed.
2017-05-09T17:45:46Z
2017-05-09T17:45:46Z
2012-11
Article
Saunders, M. D., & Saunders, R. R. (2012). Teaching Individuals to Signal for Assistance in a Timely Manner. Behavioral Interventions : Theory & Practice in Residential & Community-Based Clinical Programs, 27(4), 10.1002/bin.1346. http://doi.org/10.1002/bin.1346
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24044
10.1002/bin.1346
PMC3827728
© 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
openAccess
application/pdf
Wiley
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/134622018-07-13T15:28:42Zcom_1808_7105com_1808_238col_1808_7108col_1808_13429
The index of tobacco treatment quality: development of a tool to assess evidence-based treatment in a national sample of drug treatment facilities
Cupertino, Ana Paula
Hunt, Jamie J.
Gajewski, Byron J.
Jiang, Yu
Marquis, Janet
Friedman, Peter D.
Engelman, Kimberly K.
Richter, Kimber P.
Smoking Cessation
Substance Abuse Treatment
Tobacco Use Disorder
Health Care Services
Addiction
Background:
Quitting smoking improves health and drug use outcomes among people in treatment for substance abuse. The twofold purpose of this study is to describe tobacco treatment provision across a representative sample of U.S. facilities and to use these data to develop the brief Index of Tobacco Treatment Quality (ITTQ).
Methods:
We constructed survey items based on current tobacco treatment guidelines, existing surveys, expert input, and qualitative research. We administered the survey to a stratified sample of 405 facility administrators selected from all 3,800 U.S. adult outpatient facilities listed in the SAMHSA Inventory of Substance Abuse Treatment Services. We constructed the ITTQ with a subset of 7 items that have the strongest clinical evidence for smoking cessation.
Results:
Most facilities (87.7%) reported that a majority of their clients were asked if they smoke cigarettes. Nearly half of facilities (48.6%) reported that a majority of their smoking clients were advised to quit. Fewer (23.3%) reported that a majority of their smoking clients received tobacco treatment counseling and even fewer facilities (18.3%) reported a majority of their smoking clients were advised to use quit smoking medications. The median facility ITTQ score was 2.57 (on a scale of 1–5) and the ITTQ displayed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = .844). Moreover, the ITTQ had substantial test-retest reliability (.856), and ordinal confirmatory factor analysis found that our one-factor model for ITTQ fit the data very well with a CFI of 0.997 and an RMSEA of 0.042.
Conclusions:
The ITTQ is a brief and reliable tool for measuring tobacco treatment quality in substance abuse treatment facilities. Given the clear-cut room for improvement in tobacco treatment, the ITTQ could be an important tool for quality improvement by identifying service levels, facilitating goal setting, and measuring change.
2014-04-11T19:56:04Z
2014-04-11T19:56:04Z
2013-03-15
Article
Cupertino, A Paula, Jamie J Hunt, Byron J Gajewski, Yu Jiang, Janet Marquis, Peter D Friedmann, Kimberly K Engelman, and Kimber P Richter. 2013. “The Index of Tobacco Treatment Quality: Development of a Tool to Assess Evidence-Based Treatment in a National Sample of Drug Treatment Facilities.” Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy 8 . http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1747-597X-8-13
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/13462
10.1186/1747-597X-8-13
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
openAccess
application/pdf
BioMed Central
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/319212021-10-22T19:34:15Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Assessment of Characteristics of Capacity Among Breast Cancer Screening Facilities
Collie-Akers, Vicki L.
Warrick, Cynthia
Zhu, Li
Granado, Misha
Ingram, Kymeiria
Mammography
Breast cancer detection and prevention
Capacity
Facilities
Use of mammograms to detect presence of breast cancer is influenced by many factors, including ability to access mammography services. Access to services is often affected by the capacity of mammography facilities to serve women. We sought to describe the capacity of mammography facilities to conduct mammograms in a largely urban area of Texas. We used a 24-item survey to all mammography facilities in Texas Public Health Region 6/5 South. The survey contained questions across six domains: facility type, scheduling, staffing, mechanical capacity, cost/payment methods, and patient reminders. We received or completed 60 surveys (43%). Most of the facilities were open only Monday through Friday (61.7%) and were open only during typical business hours (51.7%). About 83% of the facilities had one or two machines. Most facilities had only one or two staff to conduct mammograms. The results of this survey indicate that the capacity of mammography facilities vary dramatically across many characteristics of capacity. As these indicators are tied to the ability of women to access necessary preventive services, it is important to determine how these characteristics are associated with mammography utilization.
2021-10-05T20:35:35Z
2021-10-05T20:35:35Z
2011-11-27
Article
Collie-Akers, V. L., Warrick, C., Zhu, L., Granado, M., & Ingram, K. (2012). Assessment of characteristics of capacity among breast cancer screening facilities. Journal of community health, 37(3), 626–631. doi:10.1007/s10900-011-9493-0
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/31921
10.1007/s10900-011-9493-0
PMC6391871
© 2011, Springer Nature
openAccess
application/pdf
Springer
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/240432019-04-12T14:16:40Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Adapted digital music players for individuals with severe impairments
Saunders, Muriel D.
Questad, Kent A.
Cullinan, Timothy B.
Saunders, Richard R.
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Saunders, M. D., Questad, K. A., Cullinan, T. B., & Saunders, R. R. (2011). Adapted Digital Music Players for Individuals with Severe Impairments. Behavioral Interventions : Theory & Practice in Residential & Community-Based Clinical Programs, 26(2), 10.1002/bin.327. http://doi.org/10.1002/bin.327, which has been published in final form at doi.org/10.1002/bin.327. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving
Portable music production devices, such as radios, cassette players and MP3 players have characteristics that make them less than ideal for teaching the cause-and-effect relationships that would enable children and adults with severe impairments to control them independently and appropriately. Even when adapted for control with adaptive switches, the relationship between switch closure and on-off operation results in contingency characteristics that can inhibit learning. Some solutions to these problems are described, and for those individuals who can learn with complex contingencies, some promising products are reviewed.
2017-05-09T17:37:06Z
2017-05-09T17:37:06Z
2011-05
Article
Saunders, M. D., Questad, K. A., Cullinan, T. B., & Saunders, R. R. (2011). Adapted Digital Music Players for Individuals with Severe Impairments. Behavioral Interventions : Theory & Practice in Residential & Community-Based Clinical Programs, 26(2), 10.1002/bin.327. http://doi.org/10.1002/bin.327
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24043
10.1002/bin.327
PMC3875615
© 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
openAccess
application/pdf
Wiley
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/297452024-01-12T22:12:23Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Maternal Vitamin D Status and Infant Infection
Moukarzel, Sara
Ozias, Marlies
Kerling, Elizabeth
Christifano, Danielle
Wick, Jo
Colombo, John
Carlson, Susan
infection
25-hydroxycholecalciferol
vitamin D
Pregnancy
infancy
maternal nutrition
African Americans
Maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy may modulate fetal immune system development and infant susceptibility to infections. Vitamin D deficiency is common during pregnancy, particularly among African American (AA) women. Our objective was to compare maternal vitamin D status (plasma 25(OH)D concentration) during pregnancy and first-year infections in the offspring of African American (AA) and non-AA women. We used medical records to record frequency and type of infections during the first year of life of 220 term infants (69 AA, 151 non-AA) whose mothers participated in the Kansas University DHA Outcomes Study. AA and non-AA groups were compared for maternal 25(OH)D by Mann–Whitney U-test. Compared to non-AA women, AA women were more likely to be vitamin D deficient (<50 nmol/L; 84 vs. 37%, p < 0.001), and more of their infants had at least one infection in the first 6 months (78.3% and 59.6% of infants, respectively, p = 0.022). We next explored the relationship between maternal plasma 25(OH)D concentration and infant infections using Spearman correlations. Maternal 25(OH)D concentration was inversely correlated with the number of all infections (p = 0.033), eye, ear, nose, and throat (EENT) infections (p = 0.043), and skin infection (p = 0.021) in the first 6 months. A model that included maternal education, income, and 25(OH)D identified maternal education as the only significant predictor of infection risk in the first 6 months (p = 0.045); however, maternal education, income, and 25(OH)D were all significantly lower in AA women compared to non-AA women . The high degree of correlation between these variables does not allow determination of which factor is driving the risk of infection; however, the one that is most easily remediated is vitamin D status. It would be of value to learn if vitamin D supplementation in this at-risk group could ameliorate at least part of the increased infection risk
This work was supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Development (R01 HD047315 [to SC])
the Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center (P30 HD002528 [to SC and JC])
2019-11-08T17:44:18Z
2019-11-08T17:44:18Z
2018-01-23
Article
Moukarzel, S.; Ozias, M.; Kerling, E.; Christifano, D.; Wick, J.; Colombo, J.; Carlson, S. Maternal Vitamin D Status and Infant Infection. Nutrients 2018, 10, 111.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/29745
10.3390/nu10020111
© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access
article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution
(CC BY) license
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
MDPI
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/240352019-04-12T14:16:44Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Maternal Responsivity Predicts Language Development in Young Children With Fragile X Syndrome
Warren, Steven F.
Brady, Nancy C.
Sterling, Audra
Fleming, Kandace
Marquis, Janet
The relationship between early maternal responsivity and later child communication outcomes in young children with fragile X syndrome was investigated. Data were obtained from 55 mother–child dyads over a 36-month period. Performance data were obtained at each measurement point from video observations of four different contexts. These were coded for (a) child communication behaviors, (b) parent responsivity, and (c) behavior management behaviors. Results indicate that early maternal responsivity predicts the level of four important child language outcomes at 36 months of age after controlling for child developmental level and autism symptomology.
2017-05-09T15:30:56Z
2017-05-09T15:30:56Z
2010-01
Article
Warren, S. F., Brady, N., Sterling, A., Fleming, K., & Marquis, J. (2010). Maternal Responsivity Predicts Language Development in Young Children With Fragile X Syndrome. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 115(1), 54–75. http://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-115.1.54
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24035
10.1352/1944-7558-115.1.54
PMC3045825
© American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
openAccess
application/pdf
American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/309282020-11-26T09:00:56Zcom_1808_238com_1808_89col_1808_13429col_1808_90
Static and dynamic postural control deficits in aging fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene premutation carriers
Wang, Zheng
Khemani, Pravin
Schmitt, Lauren M.
Lui, Su
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene
FMR1gene premutation allele
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS)
Postural control
Cerebellum
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Background
Individuals with premutation alleles of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene are at risk of developing fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) during aging. Characterization of motor issues associated with aging in FMR1 premutation carriers is needed to determine neurodegenerative processes and establish new biobehavioral indicators to help identify individuals at greatest risk of developing FXTAS.
Methods
We examined postural stability in 18 premutation carriers ages 46–77 years and 14 age-matched healthy controls. Participants completed a test of static stance and two tests of dynamic postural sway on a force platform to quantify postural variability and complexity. CGG repeat length was measured for each premutation carrier, and MRI and neurological evaluations were conducted to identify carriers who currently met criteria for FXTAS. Of the 18 premutation carriers, seven met criteria for definite/probable FXTAS (FXTAS+), seven showed no MRI or neurological signs of FXTAS (FXTAS−), and four were inconclusive due to insufficient data.
Results
Compared to controls, premutation carriers showed increased center of pressure (COP) variability in the mediolateral (COPML) direction during static stance and reduced COP variability in the anterior-posterior (COPAP) direction during dynamic AP sway. They also showed reductions in COPML complexity during each postural condition. FXTAS+ individuals showed reduced COPAP variability compared to FXTAS− carriers and healthy controls during dynamic AP sway. Across all carriers, increased sway variability during static stance and decreased sway variability in target directions during dynamic sways were associated with greater CGG repeat length and more severe neurologically rated posture and gait abnormalities.
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that aging FMR1 premutation carriers show static and dynamic postural control deficits relative to healthy controls implicating degenerative processes of spinocerebellar and cerebellar-brainstem circuits that may be independent of or precede the onset of FXTAS. Our finding that FXTAS+ and FXTAS− premutation carriers differed on their level of intentional AP sway suggests that neural mechanisms of dynamic postural control may be differentially impacted in patients with FXTAS, and its measurement may be useful for rapidly and precisely identifying disease presence and onset.
NIMH R01 Research Project Grant Program (MH 112734)
Once Upon a Time Foundation Award
Kansas Center for Autism Research and Training (K-CART) Research Investment Council Strategic Initiative Grant
NICHD U54 Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center Award (U54HD090216)
2020-11-25T15:37:25Z
2020-11-25T15:37:25Z
2019-01-21
Article
Wang, Z., Khemani, P., Schmitt, L. M., Lui, S., & Mosconi, M. W. (2019). Static and dynamic postural control deficits in aging fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene premutation carriers. Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders, 11(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11689-018-9261-x
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30928
10.1186/s11689-018-9261-x
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2265-0891
PMC6341725
Copyright © 2019, The Author(s).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
BMC
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/243662018-07-26T17:02:18Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Recruitment issues in a randomized controlled exercise trial targeting wheelchair users
Nary, Dorothy E.
Froehlich-Grobe, Katherine
Aaronson, Lauren
(MeSH terms) research subject recruitment
Wheelchair
Exercise
Physically disabled
This paper describes recruitment challenges and lessons learned in conducting a randomized controlled exercise trial in the absence of direct access to a clinical population. One hundred thirty-five wheelchair users were enrolled in a home and community-based intervention to promote exercise adoption and maintenance. Over 44 months of recruitment, 355 individuals inquired about the study and 323 completed the screening process. Nearly half were determined ineligible (150/323, 46.4%), typically due to having restricted arm movement, cognitive impairment, or medical conditions that are contraindicated for unsupervised exercise. Respondents cited paid media advertisements and recruitment materials placed in health care providers’ offices most frequently as being how they learned about the study. RCT participant recruitment, particularly in the absence of direct access to a clinical population, required far more time and resources than anticipated to achieve sufficient enrollment. Nurturing relations with key gatekeepers, creating a visible public profile, and maintaining ongoing recruitment activities were essential to success.
2017-06-05T16:50:00Z
2017-06-05T16:50:00Z
2011-03
Article
Nary, D. E., Froehlich-Grobe, K., & Aaronson, L. (2011). Recruitment issues in a randomized controlled exercise trial targeting wheelchair users. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 32(2), 188–195. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2010.10.010
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24366
10.1016/j.cct.2010.10.010
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3274-5109
PMC3034787
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/323092021-12-23T09:01:06Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Shifted phase of EEG cross-frequency coupling in individuals with Phelan-McDermid syndrome
Mariscal, Michael G.
Berry-Kravis, Elizabeth
Buxbaum, Joseph D.
Ethridge, Lauren E.
Filip-Dhima, Rajna
Foss-Feig, Jennifer H.
Kolevzon, Alexander
Modi, Meera E.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Nelson, Charles A.
Powell, Craig M.
Siper, Paige M.
Soorya, Latha
Thaliath, Andrew
Thurm, Audrey
Zhang, Bo
Sahin, Mustafa
Levin, April R.
Phelan-McDermid syndrome
EEG
Power
Cross-frequency coupling
Phase bias
Background
Phelan-McDermid Syndrome (PMS) is a rare condition caused by deletion or mutation of the SHANK3 gene. Individuals with PMS frequently present with intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, and other neurodevelopmental challenges. Electroencephalography (EEG) can provide a window into network-level function in PMS.
Methods
Here, we analyze EEG data collected across multiple sites in individuals with PMS (n = 26) and typically developing individuals (n = 15). We quantify oscillatory power, alpha-gamma phase-amplitude coupling strength, and phase bias, a measure of the phase of cross frequency coupling thought to reflect the balance of feedforward (bottom-up) and feedback (top-down) activity.
Results
We find individuals with PMS display increased alpha-gamma phase bias (U = 3.841, p < 0.0005), predominantly over posterior electrodes. Most individuals with PMS demonstrate positive overall phase bias while most typically developing individuals demonstrate negative overall phase bias. Among individuals with PMS, strength of alpha-gamma phase-amplitude coupling was associated with Sameness, Ritualistic, and Compulsive behaviors as measured by the Repetitive Behavior Scales-Revised (Beta = 0.545, p = 0.011).
Conclusions
Increased phase bias suggests potential circuit-level mechanisms underlying phenotype in PMS, offering opportunities for back-translation of findings into animal models and targeting in clinical trials.
2021-12-22T21:30:38Z
2021-12-22T21:30:38Z
2021-04-28
Article
Mariscal, M. G., Berry-Kravis, E., Buxbaum, J. D., Ethridge, L. E., Filip-Dhima, R., Foss-Feig, J. H., Kolevzon, A., Modi, M. E., Mosconi, M. W., Nelson, C. A., Powell, C. M., Siper, P. M., Soorya, L., Thaliath, A., Thurm, A., Zhang, B., Sahin, M., Levin, A. R., & Developmental Synaptopathies Consortium (2021). Shifted phase of EEG cross-frequency coupling in individuals with Phelan-McDermid syndrome. Molecular autism, 12(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00411-9
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32309
10.1186/s13229-020-00411-9
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-4192-4720
PMC8082621
© The Author(s) 2021. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
BMC
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/323692022-01-08T09:00:56Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
iKanEat: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial of megestrol as a component of a pediatric tube weaning protocol
Edwards, Sarah
Hyman, Paul E.
Mousa, Hayat
Bruce, Amanda
Cocjin, Jose
Dean, Kelsey
Fleming, Kandace
Romine, Rebecca Swinburne
Davis, Ann M.
Tube feeding
Tube weaning
Megestrol
Feeding problems
Randomized controlled trial
Background
Although tube feeding routinely saves the lives of children who do not eat by mouth, chronic tube feeding can be a burden to patients, caregivers, and families. Very few randomized trials exist regarding the best methods for weaning children from their feeding tubes.
Methods
The current paper describes a randomized controlled trial of an empirically supported outpatient treatment protocol for moving children from tube to oral eating called iKanEat. Specifically, we describe the methods of randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial which includes a 4-week course of megestrol, the only medication used in the iKanEat protocol, to determine whether the addition of megestrol results in improved child outcomes. The primary and secondary aims are to assess the safety and efficacy of megestrol as part of the iKanEat protocol. The third aim is to provide critical information about the impact of the transition from tube to oral feeding on parent stress and parent and child quality of life.
Discussion
This trial will provide data regarding whether megestrol is a safe and effective component of the iKanEat tube weaning protocol, as well as important data on how the tube weaning process impacts parent stress and parent and child quality of life.
2022-01-07T20:31:12Z
2022-01-07T20:31:12Z
2021-02-27
Article
Edwards, S., Hyman, P. E., Mousa, H., Bruce, A., Cocjin, J., Dean, K., Fleming, K., Romine, R. S., & Davis, A. M. (2021). iKanEat: protocol for a randomized controlled trial of megestrol as a component of a pediatric tube weaning protocol. Trials, 22(1), 169. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-021-05131-w
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32369
10.1186/s13063-021-05131-w
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-5504-4738
PMC7913389
© The Author(s). 2021 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
BMC
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/242932019-04-12T14:18:08Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Early Prevention of Severe Neurodevelopmental Behavior Disorders: An Integration
Schroeder, Stephen R.
Courtemanche, Andrea Beth
Severe aggression
Self-injurious behavior
Stereotyped behavior
Early prevention
Young children
Intellectual disabilities
This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities on 1/1/2012, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/19315864.2011.593697.
There is a very substantial literature over the past 50 years on the advantages of early detection and intervention on the cognitive, communicative, and social-emotional development of infants and toddlers at risk for developmental delay due to premature birth or social disadvantage. Most of these studies excluded children with severe delays or other predisposing conditions, such as genetic or brain disorders. Many studies of children with biological or socio-developmental risk suggest that behavior disorders appear as early as three years and persist into adulthood if not effectively treated. By contrast, little is known about the infants and toddlers with established risk for severe delays, who make up a significant proportion of the population with dual diagnoses later in life.
In the past decade, there has been a growing interest in early detection and intervention with children aged birth to three years, e.g. the P.L.99-457, Part C Birth-Three population, who may have disabilities and severe behavior problems, e.g. aggression, self-injury, and repetitive stereotyped behaviors. The available research is scattered in the behavior analytic literature, in the child development literature, as well as in the child mental health and psychiatry literature, the developmental disability literature, the animal modeling literature, and the genetics literature. The goal of this introductory overview is to integrate these literatures, by cross-referencing members of these various groups who have worked in this field, in order to provide the reader with an integrated picture of what is known and of future directions that need more research.
2017-05-24T16:50:53Z
2017-05-24T16:50:53Z
2012-01-01
Article
Schroeder, S. R., & Courtemanche, A. (2012). Early Prevention of Severe Neurodevelopmental Behavior Disorders: An Integration. Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 5(3-4), 203–214. http://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2011.593697
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24293
10.1080/19315864.2011.593697
PMC3489482
openAccess
application/pdf
Taylor and Francis
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/112872018-02-19T17:27:09Zcom_1808_267com_1808_238col_1808_16906col_1808_13429
Physical activity across the curriculum: year one process evaluation results
Gibson, Cheryl A.
Smith, Bryan K.
DuBose, Katrina D.
Greene, Leon
Bailey, Bruce W.
Williams, Shannon L.
Ryan, Joseph J.
Schmelzle, Kristin H.
Washburn, Richard A.
Sullivan, Debra K.
Mayo, Matthew S.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
This is the publisher's version, also found via http://www.ijbnpa.org/content/5/1/36. "© 2013 Donnelly et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited."
Background: Physical Activity Across the Curriculum (PAAC) is a 3-year elementary school-based intervention to determine
if increased amounts of moderate intensity physical activity performed in the classroom will diminish gains in body mass index
(BMI). It is a cluster-randomized, controlled trial, involving 4905 children (2505 intervention, 2400 control).
Methods: We collected both qualitative and quantitative process evaluation data from 24 schools (14 intervention and 10
control), which included tracking teacher training issues, challenges and barriers to effective implementation of PAAC lessons,
initial and continual use of program specified activities, and potential competing factors, which might contaminate or lessen
program effects.
Results: Overall teacher attendance at training sessions showed exceptional reach. Teachers incorporated active lessons on
most days, resulting in significantly greater student physical activity levels compared to controls (p < 0.0001). Enjoyment ratings
for classroom-based lessons were also higher for intervention students. Competing factors, which might influence program
results, were not carried out at intervention or control schools or were judged to be minimal.
Conclusion: In the first year of the PAAC intervention, process evaluation results were instrumental in identifying successes
and challenges faced by teachers when trying to modify existing academic lessons to incorporate physical activity.
2013-06-20T19:22:18Z
2013-06-20T19:22:18Z
2008
Article
Gibson, C.A.; Smith, B.K.; DuBose, K.D.; Green, J.L. (2008) Physical activity across the curriculum: year one process evaluation results. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 5.36.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/11287
10.1186/1479-5868-5-36
en_US
http://www.ijbnpa.org/content/5/1/36
openAccess
application/pdf
BioMed Central
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/254412018-11-01T17:06:00Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Postural orientation and equilibrium processes associated with increased postural sway in autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Wang, Zheng
Hallac, Rami R.
Conroy, Kaitlin C.
White, Stormi P.
Kane, Alex A.
Collinsworth, Amy L.
Sweeney, John A.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Autism spectrum disorder
Postural orientation
Postural equilibrium
Static and dynamic stances
Virtual time-co-contact
Mutual information
Background:
Increased postural sway has been repeatedly documented in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Characterizing the control processes underlying this deficit, including postural orientation and equilibrium, may provide key insights into neurophysiological mechanisms associated with ASD. Postural orientation refers to children’s ability to actively align their trunk and head with respect to their base of support, while postural equilibrium is an active process whereby children coordinate ankle dorsi-/plantar-flexion and hip abduction/adduction movements to stabilize their upper body. Dynamic engagement of each of these control processes is important for maintaining postural stability, though neither postural orientation nor equilibrium has been studied in ASD.
Methods:
Twenty-two children with ASD and 21 age and performance IQ-matched typically developing (TD) controls completed three standing tests. During static stance, participants were instructed to stand as still as possible. During dynamic stances, participants swayed at a comfortable speed and magnitude in either anterior-posterior (AP) or mediolateral (ML) directions. The center of pressure (COP) standard deviation and trajectory length were examined to determine if children with ASD showed increased postural sway. Postural orientation was assessed using a novel virtual time-to-contact (VTC) approach that characterized spatiotemporal dimensions of children’s postural sway (i.e., body alignment) relative to their postural limitation boundary, defined as the maximum extent to which each child could sway in each direction. Postural equilibrium was quantified by evaluating the amount of shared or mutual information of COP time series measured along the AP and ML directions.
Results:
Consistent with prior studies, children with ASD showed increased postural sway during both static and dynamic stances relative to TD children. In regard to postural orientation processes, children with ASD demonstrated reduced spatial perception of their postural limitation boundary towards target directions and reduced time to correct this error during dynamic postural sways but not during static stance. Regarding postural equilibrium, they showed a compromised ability to decouple ankle dorsi-/plantar-flexion and hip abduction/adduction processes during dynamic stances.
Conclusions:
These results suggest that deficits in both postural orientation and equilibrium processes contribute to reduced postural stability in ASD. Specifically, increased postural sway in ASD appears to reflect patients’ impaired perception of their body movement relative to their own postural limitation boundary as well as a reduced ability to decouple distinct ankle and hip movements to align their body during standing. Our findings that deficits in postural orientation and equilibrium are more pronounced during dynamic compared to static stances suggests that the increased demands of everyday activities in which children must dynamically shift their COP involve more severe postural control deficits in ASD relative to static stance conditions that often are studied. Systematic assessment of dynamic postural control processes in ASD may provide important insights into new treatment targets and neurodevelopmental mechanisms.
2017-11-20T17:38:00Z
2017-11-20T17:38:00Z
2016-11-25
Article
Wang, Z., Hallac, R. R., Conroy, K. C., White, S. P., Kane, A. A., Collinsworth, A. L., . . . Mosconi, M. W. (2016). Postural orientation and equilibrium processes associated with increased postural sway in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 8(1). doi:10.1186/s11689-016-9178-1
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/25441
10.1186/s11689-016-9178-1
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2265-0891
© The Author(s). 2016 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to
the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver
(http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
BioMed Central
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/244122018-07-17T16:01:06Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Attentional Control in Early and Later Bilingual Children
Kapa, Leah Lynn
Colombo, John
This study examined differences in attentional control among school-age children who were monolingual English speakers, early childhood Spanish-English bilinguals who began speaking both languages by age 3, and later childhood Spanish-English bilingual children who began speaking English after age 3. Children's attentional control was tested using the Attention Network Test (ANT). All language groups performed equally on ANT networks; however, when controlling for age and verbal ability, groups differed significantly on reaction time. Early bilingual children responded faster on the ANT compared to both monolingual and later bilingual children, suggesting an attentional monitoring advantage for early bilinguals. These results add to mounting evidence of advantaged cognitive functioning among bilinguals, and are consistent with the possibility that children who begin speaking a second language earlier in childhood have larger advantages due either to differential effects of acquiring a second language earlier during development or due to longer duration of bilingual experience.
2017-06-07T19:59:39Z
2017-06-07T19:59:39Z
2013-07-01
Article
Kapa, L. L., & Colombo, J. (2013). Attentional Control in Early and Later Bilingual Children. Cognitive Development, 28(3), 233–246. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2013.01.011
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24412
10.1016/j.cogdev.2013.01.011
PMC4044912
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/336012022-10-13T08:00:51Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Effects of a consumer driven home modification intervention on community participation for people with mobility disabilities
Greiman, Lillie
Ravesloot, Craig
Goddard, Kelsey S.
Ward, Bryce
Community participation
Mobility disability
Home usability
Home modification
Community based research
Background
Community participation has become a key outcome measure for people with disabilities. This has resulted in a shift in researchers focus from the individual to the environment. However, research has focused primarily on participation barriers in the community with limited research examining the role of the home environment. For people with mobility disabilities the home environment is the starting place for community participation and research is needed to understand the relationship between the home and participation outcomes.
Objective
This study explores the effects of a consumer-driven home modification intervention on community participation for people with mobility disabilities.
Methods
We conducted a randomized control trial (from June 2017–April 2019) of the effects of a consumer-directed home modification intervention on community participation. The intervention, the Home Usability Program, was implemented with consumers at two different Centers for Independent Living (N = 195) and included a self-assessment of their home environment and implementation of a home usability change.
Results
The Home Usability program positively affected the community participation of people with mobility disabilities. Overall, intervention participants reported a 39.5% (p < .05) increase in social and recreational activities immediately following the intervention relative to the control group after controlling for health status and month when outcome data were collected. Six months after the intervention, this effect returned to baseline.
Conclusions
Community-based, consumer-driven home modification programs show promise for improving community participation outcomes among people with disabilities, however, more research is needed to understand why results did not persist.
2022-10-12T21:23:14Z
2022-10-12T21:23:14Z
2022-01
Article
L. Greiman, C. Ravesloot, K. Schinnick Goddard, B. Ward. Effects of a consumer driven home modification intervention on community participation for people with disabilities. Disabil Health J (2021), Article 101210, 10.1016/j.dhjo.2021.101210
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/33601
10.1016/j.dhjo.2021.101210
© 2021 Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/274972018-12-11T09:01:33Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Systematic Replication of the Effects of a Supplementary, Technology-Assisted, Storybook Intervention for Preschool Children with Weak Vocabulary and Comprehension Skills
Greenwood, Charles R.
Carta, Judith J.
Kelley, Elizabeth S.
Guerrero, Gabriela
Kong, Na Young
Atwater, Jane
Goldstein, Howard
In 2013, Spencer, Goldstein, Sherman, et al. reported the promising effects of a supplemental, technology-assisted, storybook intervention (Tier 2) containing embedded instruction targeting the oral language learning of preschool children at risk for delays. We sought to advance knowledge of the intervention by replicating it in a new sample and examining children’s responses to the narrator’s instructional prompts and associations with learning outcomes. Results indicated that children were highly successful in responding with the narrator’s task-management prompts (i.e., turn the page), particularly after the first book. Children were much less proficient in correctly responding to the narrator’s word-teaching prompts (i.e., “say enormous”), but improved over additional storybooks. Exposure to the intervention accelerated children’s weekly oral language learning, and effect sizes were comparable to those of Spencer et al. Children’s increased word knowledge was positively correlated with their correct responding to the narrator’s word-teaching prompts in particular. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
2018-12-10T20:13:45Z
2018-12-10T20:13:45Z
2016-06
Article
Charles R. Greenwood, Judith J. Carta, Elizabeth S. Kelley, Gabriela Guerrero, Na Young Kong, Jane Atwater, and Howard Goldstein, "Systematic Replication of the Effects of a Supplementary, Technology-Assisted, Storybook Intervention for Preschool Children with Weak Vocabulary and Comprehension Skills," The Elementary School Journal 116, no. 4 (June 2016): 574-599.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/27497
10.1086/686223
© 2016 by The University of Chicago.
openAccess
application/pdf
University of Chicago Press
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/245702019-04-12T14:21:07Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Minimal resistance training improves daily energy expenditure and fat oxidation
Kirk, Erik P.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Smith, Bryan K.
Honas, Jeffery J.
LeCheminant, James D.
Bailey, Bruce W.
Jacobsen, Dennis J.
Washburn, Richard A.
This is not the published version.
ABSTRACT: Long-term resistance training (RT) may result in a chronic increase in 24-hour energy expenditure (EE) and fat oxidation to a level sufficient to assist in maintaining energy balance and prevent weight gain. However, the impact of a minimal RT program on these parameters in an overweight college age population, a group at high risk for developing obesity, is unknown. PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the effect of 6-months of supervised minimal RT in previously sedentary, overweight (mean±SEM, BMI=27.7±0.5kg/m2) young adults (21.0±0.5yrs) on 24-hr EE, resting metabolic rate (RMR), sleep metabolic rate (SMR) and substrate oxidation using whole room indirect calorimetry 72-h after the last RT session. METHODS: Participants were randomized to RT (1 set, 3 d/wk, 3–6 repetition maximum, 9 exercises) (N=22) or control (C, N=17) groups and completed all assessments at baseline and 6 months. RESULTS: There was a significant (P<0.05) increase in 24-hr EE in the RT (527 ± 220kJ/d) and C (270 ± 168kJ/d) groups, however, the difference between groups was not significant (P=0.30). Twenty-four hour fat oxidation (g/day) was not altered after RT, however; reductions in RQ assessed during both rest (P<0.05) and sleep (P<0.05) suggested increased fat oxidation in RT compared with C during these periods. SMR (8.4±8.6%) and RMR (7.4±8.7%) increased significantly in RT (P<0.001) but not in C, resulting in significant (P<0.001) between group differences for SMR with a trend for significant (P=0.07) between group differences for RMR. CONCLUSION: A minimal RT program that required little time to complete (11 min per session) resulted in a chronic increase in energy expenditure. This adaptation in energy expenditure may have a favorable impact on energy balance and fat oxidation sufficient to assist with the prevention of obesity in sedentary, overweight young adults, a group at high risk for developing obesity.
2017-06-22T16:18:13Z
2017-06-22T16:18:13Z
2009-05
Article
Kirk, E. P., Donnelly, J. E., Smith, B. K., Honas, J., LeCheminant, J. D., Bailey, B. W., … Washburn, R. A. (2009). Minimal resistance training improves daily energy expenditure and fat oxidation. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 41(5), 1122–1129. http://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318193c64e
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24570
10.1249/MSS.0b013e318193c64e
PMC2862249
openAccess
application/pdf
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/343342023-06-13T06:06:42Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Cost-effectiveness of Lifestyle Africa: an adaptation of the diabetes prevention programme for delivery by community health workers in urban South Africa
Whittington, Melanie D.
Goggin, Kathy
Tsolekile, Lungiswa
Puoane, Thandi
Fox, Andrew T.
Resnicow, Ken
Fleming, Kandace K.
Smyth, Joshua M.
Materia, Frank T.
Hurley, Emily A.
Vitolins, Mara Z.
Lambert, Estelle V.
Levitt, Naomi S.
Catley, Delwyn
Economic analysis
HbA1c
Lifestyle interventions
Low- and middle-income countries
Probabilistic sensitivity analysis
Background
Lifestyle Africa is an adapted version of the Diabetes Prevention Program designed for delivery by community health workers to socioeconomically disadvantaged populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Results from the Lifestyle Africa trial conducted in an under-resourced community in South Africa indicated that the programme had a significant effect on reducing haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).
Objective
To estimate the cost of implementation and the cost-effectiveness (in cost per point reduction in HbA1c) of the Lifestyle Africa programme to inform decision-makers of the resources required and the value of this intervention.
Methods
Interviews were held with project administrators to identify the activities and resources required to implement the intervention. A direct-measure micro-costing approach was used to determine the number of units and unit cost for each resource. The incremental cost per one point improvement in HbA1c was calculated.
Results
The intervention equated to 71 United States dollars (USD) in implementation costs per participant and a 0.26 improvement in HbA1c per participant.
Conclusions
Lifestyle Africa reduced HbA1c for relatively little cost and holds promise for addressing chronic disease in LMIC. Decision-makers should consider the comparative clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of this intervention when making resource allocation decisions.
2023-06-12T20:58:27Z
2023-06-12T20:58:27Z
2023-05-23
Article
Whittington, M. D., Goggin, K., Tsolekile, L., Puoane, T., Fox, A. T., Resnicow, K., Fleming, K. K., Smyth, J. M., Materia, F. T., Hurley, E. A., Vitolins, M. Z., Lambert, E. V., Levitt, N. S., & Catley, D. (2023). Cost-effectiveness of Lifestyle Africa: an adaptation of the diabetes prevention programme for delivery by community health workers in urban South Africa. Global health action, 16(1), 2212952. https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2023.2212952
https://hdl.handle.net/1808/34334
10.1080/16549716.2023.2212952
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7270-8732
PMC10208125
© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
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Taylor and Francis Group
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/236142019-04-12T14:13:03Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Reading Instruction for Children who use AAC: Considerations in the Pursuit of Generalizable Results
Barker, Robert Michael
Saunders, Kathryn J.
Brady, Nancy C.
Reading instruction
Phonological awareness
AAC
Single-subject design
Assessment
Our purpose was to review evidence-based literacy instruction for children with severe speech impairment (SSI) who communicate with AAC. This review focuses on three issues important to researchers in this area: participant heterogeneity, assessment and instruction, and research design. We found 8 articles that reported attempts to teach phonological awareness and individual-word reading to a total of 26 children with SSI who used AAC. We evaluated these studies based on reporting of participant characteristics, assessment and instruction modifications, and the strength of research designs. We conclude by highlighting the need for standard assessments that can be used across studies, discussing strategies for facilitating metaanalyses, and suggesting the creation of an online database for researchers to share results on literacy instruction for this population.
2017-04-07T20:16:39Z
2017-04-07T20:16:39Z
2012-09
Article
Barker, R. M., Saunders, K. J., & Brady, N. C. (2012). Reading Instruction for Children who use AAC: Considerations in the Pursuit of Generalizable Results. Augmentative and Alternative Communication (Baltimore, Md. : 1985), 28(3), 160–170. http://doi.org/10.3109/07434618.2012.704523
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23614
10.3109/07434618.2012.704523
This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Augment Altern Commun. on 2012/09, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.3109/07434618.2012.704523
openAccess
application/pdf
Taylor & Francis
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/297462019-11-09T09:00:51Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Assessing whether early attention of very preterm infants can be improved by an omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid intervention: a follow-up of a randomised controlled tria
Gould, Jacqueline F.
Colombo, John
Collins, Carmel T.
Makrides, Maria
Hewawasam, Erandi
Smithers, Lisa G
Introduction Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) accumulates
in the frontal lobes (responsible for higher-order cognitive
skills) of the fetal brain during the last trimester of
pregnancy. Infants born preterm miss some of this in utero
provision of DHA, and have an increased risk of suboptimal
neurodevelopment. It is thought that supplementing infants
born preterm with DHA may improve developmental
outcomes. The aim of this follow-up is to determine
whether DHA supplementation in infants born preterm can
improve areas of the brain associated with frontal lobe
function, namely attention and distractibility.
Methods and analysis We will assess a subset
of children from the N-3 (omega-3) Fatty Acids
for Improvement in Respiratory Outcomes (N3RO)
multicentre double-blind randomised controlled trial
of DHA supplementation. Infants born <29 weeks’
completed gestation were randomised to receive an
enteral emulsion containing 60 mg/kg/day of DHA or a
control emulsion from within the first 3 days of enteral
feeding until 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age. Children will
undergo multiple measures of attention at 18 months’
corrected age. The primary outcome is the average time
to be distracted when attention is focused on a toy.
Secondary outcomes are other aspects of attention, and
(where possible) an assessment of cognition, language
and motor development with the Bayley Scales of Infant
and Toddler Development, Third Edition. A minimum of
72 children will be assessed to ensure 85% power to
detect an effect on the primary outcome. Families, and
research personnel are blinded to group assignment. All
analyses will be conducted according to the intentionto-treat principal.
Ethics and dissemination All procedures were approved
by the relevant institutional ethics committees prior to
commencement of the study. Results will be disseminated
in peer-reviewed journal publications and academic
presentations.
Trial registration number ACTRN12612000503820; Preresults.
2019-11-08T18:18:46Z
2019-11-08T18:18:46Z
2018-05-26
Article
Gould JF, Colombo J, Collins CT, et al. Assessing whether early attention of
very preterm infants can be improved by an omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated
fatty acid intervention: a follow-up of a randomised controlled trial.
BMJ Open 2018;8:e020043. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020043
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/29746
10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020043
© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.
This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
BMJ
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/240492019-04-12T14:16:40Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Dietary predictors of visceral adiposity in overweight young adults
Bailey, Bruce W.
Sullivan, Debra K.
Kirk, Erik P.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Visceral fat
Obesity phenotypes
Dietary fat
Calcium
Waist circumference
The purpose of the present study was to determine the dietary predictors of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area in overweight young adults. A total of 109 young adults (fifty males and fifty-nine females) ate ad libitum in a university cafeteria for 14 d. All food and beverages consumed in the cafeteria were measured using observer-recorded weighed plate waste. Food consumption outside the cafeteria (i.e. snacks) was assessed by multiple-pass 24 h recall procedures. VAT was determined using computed tomography. Stepwise regression demonstrated that the best predictor of visceral adiposity in women was total dietary fat (P# 0–05). In men, the model for predicting visceral adiposity included Ca and total dietary fat. We concluded that total dietary fat is the best predictor of VAT area in both men and women. While this relationship was independent in women, in men there was a synergistic relationship between dietary fat consumption and Ca consumption in predicting VAT.
2017-05-09T18:37:47Z
2017-05-09T18:37:47Z
2010-06
Article
Bailey, B. W., Sullivan, D. K., Kirk, E. P., & Donnelly, J. E. (2010). Dietary predictors of visceral adiposity in overweight young adults. The British Journal of Nutrition, 103(12), 1702–1705. http://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114509993771
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24049
10.1017/S0007114509993771
PMC3733234
© The Authors 2010
openAccess
application/pdf
Cambridge University Press
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/240902018-12-06T19:00:43Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Prenatal DHA Supplementation and Infant Attention
Colombo, John
Gustafson, Kathleen M.
Gajewski, Byron J.
Shaddy, D. Jill
Kerling, Elizabeth Helen
Thodosoff, Jocelynn M.
Doty, Tasha
Brez, Caitlin C.
Carlson, Susan E.
Background
Results of randomized trials on the effects of prenatal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on infant cognition are mixed, but most trials have used global standardized outcomes, which may not be sensitive to effects of DHA on specific cognitive domains.
Methods
Women were randomized to 600 mg/d DHA or a placebo for the last two trimesters of pregnancy. Infants of these mothers were then followed on tests of visual habituation at 4, 6, and 9 months of age.
Results
DHA supplementation did not affect look duration or habituation parameters but infants of supplemented mothers maintained high levels of sustained attention (SA) across the first year; SA declined for the placebo group. The supplemented group also showed significantly reduced attrition on habituation tasks, especially at 6 and 9 months.
Conclusion
The findings support with the suggestion that prenatal DHA may positively affect infants’ attention and regulation of state.
2017-05-10T20:17:26Z
2017-05-10T20:17:26Z
2016-06-30
Article
Colombo, John et al. “Prenatal DHA Supplementation and Infant Attention.” Pediatric research 80.5 (2016): 656–662.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24090
10.1038/pr.2016.134
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8854-1263
PMC5164926
https://www.nature.com/pr/journal/v80/n5/full/pr2016134a.html
openAccess
application/pdf
Nature Publishing Group
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/345772023-07-11T06:06:36Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
High-Intensity Functional Training: Perceived Functional and Psychosocial Health-Related Outcomes from Current Participants with Mobility-Related Disabilities
Koon, Lyndsie M.
Hall, Jean P.
Arnold, Kristen A.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Heinrich, Katie M.
Mobility disabilities
Community-based exercise
Inclusive
Health
Function
Psychosocial
High-intensity functional training
Background: People with mobility-related disabilities (MRDs) experience many personal and environmental barriers to engagement in community-based exercise programs. We explored the experiences of adults with MRD who currently participate in high-intensity functional training (HIFT), an inclusive and accessible community-based exercise program. Methods: Thirty-eight participants completed online surveys with open-ended questions, with ten individuals also participating in semi-structured interviews via telephone with project PI. Surveys and interviews were designed to examine changes to perceived health, and the elements of HIFT that promote sustained participation. Results: Thematic analysis revealed themes related to health changes following HIFT participation including improved physical, functional, and psychosocial health outcomes. Other themes emerged within the HIFT environment that promoted adherence for participants such as accessible spaces and equipment, and inclusive HIFT sessions and competitions. Additional themes included participants’ advice for the disability and healthcare communities. The resulting themes are informed by the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. Conclusion: The findings provide initial data on the potential effects of HIFT on multiple dimensions of health outcomes and contribute to the growing literature on community-based programs that are adaptable and inclusive for people with MRD.
2023-07-10T21:40:03Z
2023-07-10T21:40:03Z
2023-06-12
Article
Koon, L.M.; Hall, J.P.; Arnold, K.A.; Donnelly, J.E.; Heinrich, K.M. High-Intensity Functional Training: Perceived Functional and Psychosocial Health-Related Outcomes from Current Participants with Mobility-Related Disabilities. Sports 2023, 11, 116. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11060116
https://hdl.handle.net/1808/34577
10.3390/sports11060116
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4362-1398
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7236-1807
PMC10305242
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
MDPI
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/305032020-06-16T08:01:03Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Postural control processes during standing and step initiation in autism spectrum disorder
Bojanek, Erin K.
Wang, Zheng
White, Stormi P.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Autism Spectrum disorder
Postural control
Mutual information
Stepping
Anticipatory postural adjustments
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Background
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show a reduced ability to maintain postural stability, though motor control mechanisms contributing to these issues and the extent to which they are associated with other gross motor activities (e.g., stepping) are not yet known.
Methods
Seventeen individuals with ASD and 20 typically developing (TD) controls (ages 6–19 years) completed three tests of postural control during standing. During the neutral stance, individuals stood with their feet shoulder width apart. During the Romberg one stance, they stood with feet close together. During the circular sway, participants stood with feet shoulder width apart and swayed in a circular motion. The standard deviation (SD) of their center of pressure (COP) in the mediolateral (ML) and anteroposterior (AP) directions and the COP trajectory length were examined for each stance. We also assessed mutual information (MI), or the shared dependencies between COP in the ML and AP directions. Participants also completed a stepping task in which they stepped forward from one force platform to an adjacent platform. The amplitude and duration of anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) were examined, as were the maximum lateral sway, duration, and velocity of COP adjustments following the initial step. We examined stepping variables using separate one-way ANCOVAs with height as a covariate. The relationships between postural control and stepping measures and ASD symptom severity were assessed using Spearman correlations with scores on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule–Second Edition (ADOS-2) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R).
Results
Individuals with ASD showed increased COP trajectory length across stance conditions (p = 0.05) and reduced MI during circular sway relative to TD controls (p = 0.02). During stepping, groups did not differ on APA amplitude (p = 0.97) or duration (p = 0.41), but during their initial step, individuals with ASD showed reduced ML sway (p = 0.06), reduced body transfer duration (p < 0.01), and increased body transfer velocity (p = 0.02) compared to controls. Greater neutral stance COPML variability (r = 0.55, p = 0.02) and decreased lateral sway (r = − 0.55, p = 0.02) when stepping were associated with more severe restricted and repetitive behaviors in participants with ASD.
Conclusions
We found that individuals with ASD showed reduced MI during circular sway suggesting a reduced ability to effectively coordinate joint movements during dynamic postural adjustments. Additionally, individuals with ASD showed reduced lateral sway when stepping indicating that motor rigidity may interfere with balance and gait. Postural control and stepping deficits were related to repetitive behaviors in individuals with ASD indicating that motor rigidity and key clinical issues in ASD may represent overlapping pathological processes.
2020-06-15T20:35:06Z
2020-06-15T20:35:06Z
2020-01-06
Article
Bojanek, E. K., Wang, Z., White, S. P., & Mosconi, M. W. (2020). Postural control processes during standing and step initiation in autism spectrum disorder. Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders, 12(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11689-019-9305-x
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30503
10.1186/s11689-019-9305-x
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1981-6777
PMC6945692
© The Author(s) 2020.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
BMC
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/316992021-06-24T08:00:53Zcom_1808_11673com_1808_238com_1808_89com_1808_197col_1808_11675col_1808_13429col_1808_90col_1808_29396
Genomic, Clinical, and Behavioral Characterization of 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 Deletion (Burnside-Butler) Syndrome in Five Families
Baldwin, Isaac
Shafer, Robin L.
Hossain, Waheeda A.
Gunewardena, Sumedha
Veatch, Olivia J.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Butler, Merlin G.
15q11.2 BP1-BP2 deletion
Burnside-Butler syndrome
Clinical findings
Cognition
Neuropsychiatric behavior development
Genomic characterization
Exome sequencing
Protein–protein interaction
A grant from the One-University Open Access Fund at the University of Kansas was used to defray the author's publication fees in this Open Access journal. The Open Access Fund, administered by librarians from the KU, KU Law, and KUMC libraries, is made possible by contributions from the offices of KU Provost, KU Vice Chancellor for Research & Graduate Studies, and KUMC Vice Chancellor for Research. For more information about the Open Access Fund, please see http://library.kumc.edu/authors-fund.xml.
The 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 deletion (Burnside-Butler) syndrome is emerging as the most common cytogenetic finding in patients with neurodevelopmental or autism spectrum disorders (ASD) presenting for microarray genetic testing. Clinical findings in Burnside-Butler syndrome include developmental and motor delays, congenital abnormalities, learning and behavioral problems, and abnormal brain findings. To better define symptom presentation, we performed comprehensive cognitive and behavioral testing, collected medical and family histories, and conducted clinical genetic evaluations. The 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 region includes the TUBGCP5, CYFIP1, NIPA1, and NIPA2 genes. To determine if additional genomic variation outside of the 15q11.2 region influences expression of symptoms in Burnside-Butler syndrome, whole-exome sequencing was performed on the parents and affected children for the first time in five families with at least one parent and child with the 15q1l.2 BP1-BP2 deletion. In total, there were 453 genes with possibly damaging variants identified across all of the affected children. Of these, 99 genes had exclusively de novo variants and 107 had variants inherited exclusively from the parent without the deletion. There were three genes (APBB1, GOLGA2, and MEOX1) with de novo variants that encode proteins evidenced to interact with CYFIP1. In addition, one other gene of interest (FAT3) had variants inherited from the parent without the deletion and encoded a protein interacting with CYFIP1. The affected individuals commonly displayed a neurodevelopmental phenotype including ASD, speech delay, abnormal reflexes, and coordination issues along with craniofacial findings and orthopedic-related connective tissue problems. Of the 453 genes with variants, 35 were associated with ASD. On average, each affected child had variants in 6 distinct ASD-associated genes (x¯ = 6.33, sd = 3.01). In addition, 32 genes with variants were included on clinical testing panels from Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) approved and accredited commercial laboratories reflecting other observed phenotypes. Notably, the dataset analyzed in this study was small and reported results will require validation in larger samples as well as functional follow-up. Regardless, we anticipate that results from our study will inform future research into the genetic factors influencing diverse symptoms in patients with Burnside-Butler syndrome, an emerging disorder with a neurodevelopmental behavioral phenotype.
2021-06-23T17:36:14Z
2021-06-23T17:36:14Z
2021-02-07
Article
Baldwin, I.; Shafer, R.L.; Hossain, W.A.; Gunewardena, S.; Veatch, O.J.; Mosconi, M.W.; Butler, M.G. Genomic, Clinical, and Behavioral Characterization of 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 Deletion (Burnside-Butler) Syndrome in Five Families. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 1660. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22041660
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/31699
10.3390/ijms22041660
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1176-0836
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7211-3501
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2911-0524
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
MDPI
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/244792018-07-17T16:03:11Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Effects of Growth Hormone Treatment in Adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome
Butler, Merlin G.
Smith, Bryan K.
Lee, Jaehoon
Gibson, Cheryl A.
Schmoll, C.
Moore, W. V.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Growth hormone treatment
Prader-Will syndrome adults
Body composition
Energy expenditure
Physical activity
OBJECTIVE: Since limited data exist on adults with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and growth hormone (GH) treatment, we report our experience on the effects of treatment for one year on body composition, physical activity, strength and energy expenditure, diet, general chemistry and endocrine data with quality of life measures. DESIGN: We studied 11 adults with PWS (6F:5M; average age = 32 yrs) over a 2 year period with GH treatment during the first year only. Electrolytes, IGF-I, glucose, thyroid, insulin, lipids, body composition, physical activity and strength, diet, energy expenditure and quality of life data were collected and analyzed statistically using linear modeling at baseline, at 12 months following GH therapy and at 24 months after treatment cessation for 12 months. RESULTS: Total lean muscle mass was significantly increased (p < 0.05) during GH treatment along with moderate-vigorous physical activity and plasma IGF-I and HDL levels, but returned to near baseline after treatment. Percent body fat decreased during the 12 months of GH treatment but increased after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Previously reported beneficial effects of GH treatment in children with PWS were found in our adults regarding body composition, physical activity and plasma HDL and IGF-I levels. Several beneficial effects diminished to near baseline after cessation of GH treatment for 12 months supporting the continuation of treatment in PWS into adulthood and possibly adults not previously treated during childhood.
2017-06-13T15:24:01Z
2017-06-13T15:24:01Z
2013-06
Article
Butler, M. G., Smith, B. K., Lee, J., Gibson, C., Schmoll, C., Moore, W. V., & Donnelly, J. E. (2013). Effects of Growth Hormone Treatment in Adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome. Growth Hormone & IGF Research : Official Journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society, 23(3), 81–87. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ghir.2013.01.001
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24479
10.1016/j.ghir.2013.01.001
PMC4144013
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/243712018-07-17T15:59:02Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
A Randomized, Controlled, Supervised, Excerise Trial in Young Overweight Men and Women: The Midwest Exercise Trial II (MET2)
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Washburn, Richard A.
Smith, Bryan K.
Sullivan, Debra K.
Gibson, Cheryl A.
Honas, Jeffery J.
Mayo, Matthew S.
Supervised Exercise
Energy Expenditure
Gender
Weight loss
Energy Balance
We evaluated weight loss response to 16 months of supervised exercise (45 minutes/d, 5 d/wk, 75% heart-rate-reserve) in sedentary, overweight/obese participants without energy restriction in the Midwest Exercise Trial (MET1). Results indicated men lost weight, women did not. The gender differences were associated with differences in the energy expenditure of exercise (EEEx) (men = 667 ± 116; women = 439 ± 88 kcal/session) when exercise was prescribed by frequency, intensity and duration. MET2 is a randomized control trial designed and powered to examine differences in weight loss and gender in response to EEEx for men and women of 400 or 600 kcal/session, 5d/wk, for 10 months without energy restriction. One hundred forty one participants will be randomized to 1 of 2 exercise groups or a non-exercise control. EEEx will be verified by indirect calorimetry monthly during the intervention. This study will evaluate: (1) the weight change response to two levels of EEEx versus non-exercise control; (2) gender differences in weight response to two levels of EEEx; (3) potential compensatory changes in energy intake and/or daily physical activity that may explain the observed weight changes. Results from this study may impact how exercise is prescribed for weight loss and prevention of weight regain and may clarify if men and women differ in response to exercise.
2017-06-05T18:57:57Z
2017-06-05T18:57:57Z
2012-07
Article
Donnelly, J. E., Washburn, R. A., Smith, B. K., Sullivan, D. K., Gibson, C., Honas, J. J., & Mayo, M. S. (2012). A Randomized, Controlled, Supervised, Exercise Trial in Young Overweight Men and Women: The Midwest Exercise Trial II (MET2). Contemporary Clinical Trials, 33(4), 804–810. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2012.03.016
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24371
10.1016/j.cct.2012.03.016
PMC3361612
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/328082024-01-16T16:12:08Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Cerebellar Volumes and Sensorimotor Behavior in Autism Spectrum Disorder
McKinney, Walker S.
Kelly, Shannon E.
Unruh, Kathryn E.
Shafer, Robin L.
Sweeney, John A.
Styner, Martin
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Cerebellum
Volumetry
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Sensorimotor
Oculomotor
MRI
Structure
Crus I
Background: Sensorimotor issues are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), though their neural bases are not well understood. The cerebellum is vital to sensorimotor control and reduced cerebellar volumes in ASD have been documented. Our study examined the extent to which cerebellar volumes are associated with multiple sensorimotor behaviors in ASD.
Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight participants with ASD and 34 typically developing (TD) controls (8–30 years) completed a structural MRI scan and precision grip testing, oculomotor testing, or both. Force variability during precision gripping as well as absolute error and trial-to-trial error variability of visually guided saccades were examined. Volumes of cerebellar lobules, vermis, and white matter were quantified. The relationships between each cerebellar region of interest (ROI) and force variability, saccade error, and saccade error variability were examined.
Results: Relative to TD controls, individuals with ASD showed increased force variability. Individuals with ASD showed a reduced volume of cerebellar vermis VI-VII relative to TD controls. Relative to TD females, females with ASD showed a reduced volume of bilateral cerebellar Crus II/lobule VIIB. Increased volume of Crus I was associated with increased force variability. Increased volume of vermal lobules VI-VII was associated with reduced saccade error for TD controls but not individuals with ASD. Increased right lobule VIII and cerebellar white matter volumes as well as reduced right lobule VI and right lobule X volumes were associated with greater ASD symptom severity. Reduced volumes of right Crus II/lobule VIIB were associated with greater ASD symptom severity in only males, while reduced volumes of right Crus I were associated with more severe restricted and repetitive behaviors only in females.
Conclusion: Our finding that increased force variability in ASD is associated with greater cerebellar Crus I volumes indicates that disruption of sensory feedback processing supported by Crus I may contribute to skeletomotor differences in ASD. Results showing that volumes of vermal lobules VI-VII are associated with saccade precision in TD but not ASD implicates atypical organization of the brain systems supporting oculomotor control in ASD. Associations between volumes of cerebellar subregions and ASD symptom severity suggest cerebellar pathological processes may contribute to multiple developmental challenges in ASD.
2022-07-08T19:05:14Z
2022-07-08T19:05:14Z
2022-05-03
Article
McKinney WS, Kelly SE, Unruh KE, Shafer RL, Sweeney JA, Styner M, Mosconi MW. Cerebellar Volumes and Sensorimotor Behavior in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Integr Neurosci. 2022 May 3;16:821109. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2022.821109. PMID: 35592866; PMCID: PMC9113114.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32808
10.3389/fnint.2022.821109
PMC35592866
© 2022 McKinney, Kelly, Unruh, Shafer, Sweeney, Styner and Mosconi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Frontiers Media
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/342362023-05-31T06:06:36Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Short report: The role of oral hypersensitivity in feeding behaviors of young autistic children
Thompson, Kelsey
Wallisch, Anna
Nowell, Sallie
Meredith, Jessica
Boyd, Brian
Autism spectrum disorders
Nutrition/feeding
Pre-school children
Sensory impairments
Feeding problems are common among autistic children and are linked to negative health consequences. Therefore, understanding feeding problems and factors that influence these behaviors is important for developing supports for children and families. While certain sensory processing patterns are commonly associated with feeding problems, less is known about the link between sensory processing and feeding behaviors in autism, as well as how parent behaviors and feelings during mealtime differ based on child sensory preferences. This research examined two groups of young autistic children who were reported to be picky eaters by their parents: those with and those without oral hypersensitivity. Children with oral hypersensitivity had more difficulty with food acceptance, and their parents reported more negative feelings around feeding their child. However, the two groups of children (oral hypersensitive and not) did not differ in their medical/oral motor symptoms, mealtime behavior, or parent use of strategies at mealtimes. This research supports the need for personalized treatment strategies based on the child’s sensory preferences to support both the child and parent in managing mealtimes.
2023-05-30T20:10:52Z
2023-05-30T20:10:52Z
2023-02-24
Article
Thompson, K., Wallisch, A., Nowell, S., Meredith, J., & Boyd, B. (2023). Short report: The role of oral hypersensitivity in feeding behaviors of young autistic children. Autism : the international journal of research and practice, 27(4), 1157–1162. https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613221135091
https://hdl.handle.net/1808/34236
10.1177/13623613221135091
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3309-9516
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0951-8810
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6482-9577
PMC10101859
© The Author(s) 2023. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
SAGE Publications
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/337932023-02-15T09:01:03Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Effectiveness of Responsivity Intervention Strategies on Prelinguistic and Language Outcomes for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Group and Single Case Studies
McDaniel, Jena
Brady, Nancy C.
Warren, Steven F.
Autism spectrum disorder
Language
Meta-analysis
Prelinguistic
Responsivity
We conducted a systematic review to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and single case research design (SCRD) studies of children with autism spectrum disorder that evaluate the effectiveness of responsivity intervention techniques for improving prelinguistic and/or language outcomes. Mean effect sizes were moderate and large for RCTs (33 studies; g = 0.36, 95% CI [0.21, 0.51]) and SCRD (34 studies; between-case standardized mean difference = 1.20, 95% CI [0.87, 1.54]) studies, respectively. Visual analysis (37 studies) revealed strong evidence of a functional relation for 45% of the opportunities and no evidence for 53%. Analyses of moderator effects and study quality are presented. Findings provide support for responsivity intervention strategies with more robust support for context-bound outcomes than more generalized outcomes.
2023-02-14T16:24:57Z
2023-02-14T16:24:57Z
2021-11-15
Article
McDaniel, J., Brady, N.C. & Warren, S.F. Effectiveness of Responsivity Intervention Strategies on Prelinguistic and Language Outcomes for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Group and Single Case Studies. J Autism Dev Disord 52, 4783–4816 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05331-y
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/33793
10.1007/s10803-021-05331-y
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4413-3780
PMC9556387
© The Author(s) 2021. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Springer
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/336002022-10-13T08:00:53Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
A usable home: A qualitative investigation of the relationship between home usability and community participation for people with disabilities
Greiman, Lillie
Koon, Lyndsie
Schulz, Johnathan A.
Nary, Dot
Disability
Home usability
Home modification
Community participation
Background
People with mobility disabilities frequently have unmet needs in their home environment, which can lead to difficulties completing daily living activities. Therefore, it is important that homes are not just accessible, but rather useable, meaning that the home complements an individual's functional, social, and psychological needs. Although previous research has shown the importance of home usability for people with mobility disabilities on health outcomes, this research explores the relationship between home usability and community participation both inside and outside the home.
Objective
The objective of this study was to understand the perception of people with mobility disabilities on the relationship between community participation and home usability.
Method
Twelve participants completed in-person semi-structured interviews to answer questions related to home usability and community participation. A content analysis was used to identify emergent themes.
Results
Results indicate that personal, social, and environment factors influence home usability and one's ability to participate in the community.
Conclusion
Home usability is a complex concept that is intertwined with a person's ability to participate in their community. Useable homes can facilitate community participation, both inside and outside the home. In fact, home usability is a critical component of community participation, as homes are not only located in the community but are sites from which people access community. Further research is needed to understand the significance of this interaction and the impact of changing home usability on one's ability to participate in the community.
2022-10-12T21:14:43Z
2022-10-12T21:14:43Z
2022-01
Article
L. Greiman, L. Koon, J. A. Schulz, D. Nary. A usable home: A qualitative investigation of the relationship between home usability and community participation for people with disabilities. Disability and Health Journal, Volume 15, Issue 1, Supplement, January 2022, 101211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2021.101211
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/33600
10.1016/j.dhjo.2021.101211
© 2021 Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/304252020-06-10T08:00:46Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Precision Sensorimotor Control in Aging FMR1 Gene Premutation Carriers
McKinney, Walker S.
Wang, Zheng
Kelly, Shannon
Khemani, Pravin
Lui, Su
White, Stormi P.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome
FMR1 premutation
Sensorimotor
Precision grip
Neurodegeneration
Bradykinesia
Dysmetria
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Background: Individuals with premutation alleles of the FMR1 gene are at risk of developing fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), a neurodegenerative condition affecting sensorimotor function. Information on quantitative symptom traits associated with aging in premutation carriers is needed to clarify neurodegenerative processes contributing to FXTAS.
Materials and Methods: 26 FMR1 premutation carriers ages 44–77 years and 31 age-matched healthy controls completed rapid (2 s) and sustained (8 s) visually guided precision gripping tasks. Individuals pressed at multiple force levels to determine the impact of increasing the difficulty of sensorimotor actions on precision behavior. During initial pressing, reaction time, the rate at which individuals increased their force, the duration of pressing, and force accuracy were measured. During sustained gripping, the complexity of the force time series, force variability, and mean force were examined. During relaxation, the rate at which individuals decreased their force was measured. We also examined the relationships between visuomotor behavior and cytosine-guanine-guanine (CGG) repeat length and clinically rated FXTAS symptoms.
Results: Relative to controls, premutation carriers showed reduced rates of initial force generation during rapid motor actions and longer durations of their initial pressing with their dominant hand. During sustained force, premutation carriers demonstrated reduced force complexity, though this effect was specific to younger premutation carries during dominant hand pressing and was more severe for younger relative to older premutation carriers at low and medium force levels. Increased reaction time and lower sustained force complexity each were associated with greater CGG repeat length for premutation carriers. Increased reaction time and increased sustained force variability were associated with more severe clinically rated FXTAS symptoms.
Conclusion: Overall our findings suggest multiple sensorimotor processes are disrupted in aging premutation carriers, including initial force control guided by feedforward mechanisms and sustained sensorimotor behaviors guided by sensory feedback control processes. Results indicating that sensorimotor issues in aging premutation carriers relate to both greater CGG repeat length and clinically rated FXTAS symptoms suggest that quantitative tests of precision sensorimotor ability may serve as key targets for monitoring FXTAS risk and progression.
2020-06-09T19:36:25Z
2020-06-09T19:36:25Z
2019-10-02
Article
McKinney WS, Wang Z, Kelly S, Khemani P, Lui S, White SP and Mosconi MW (2019) Precision Sensorimotor Control in Aging FMR1 Gene Premutation Carriers. Front. Integr. Neurosci. 13:56. doi: 10.3389/fnint.2019.00056
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30425
10.3389/fnint.2019.00056
PMC6783559
© 2019 McKinney, Wang, Kelly, Khemani, Lui, White and Mosconi.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Frontiers Media
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/244062022-11-22T18:53:44Zcom_1808_11673com_1808_238col_1808_11675col_1808_13429
Increased Force Variability Is Associated with Altered Modulation of the Motorneuron Pool Activity in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Wang, Zheng
Kwon, MinHyuk
Mohanty, Suman
Schmitt, Lauren M.
White, Stormi P.
Christou, Evangelos A.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
Index finger abduction
Force variability
Motorneuron pool
First dorsal interosseus (FDI) muscle
Decomposition-based electromyography (dEMG)
A grant from the One-University Open Access Fund at the University of Kansas was used to defray the author's publication fees in this Open Access journal. The Open Access Fund, administered by librarians from the KU, KU Law, and KUMC libraries, is made possible by contributions from the offices of KU Provost, KU Vice Chancellor for Research & Graduate Studies, and KUMC Vice Chancellor for Research. For more information about the Open Access Fund, please see http://library.kumc.edu/authors-fund.xml.
Force control deficits have been repeatedly documented in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). They are associated with worse social and daily living skill impairments in patients suggesting that developing a more mechanistic understanding of the central and peripheral processes that cause them may help guide the development of treatments that improve multiple outcomes in ASD. The neuromuscular mechanisms underlying force control deficits are not yet understood. Seventeen individuals with ASD and 14 matched healthy controls completed an isometric index finger abduction test at 60% of their maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) during recording of the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle to determine the neuromuscular processes associated with sustained force variability. Central modulation of the motorneuron pool activation of the FDI muscle was evaluated at delta (0–4 Hz), alpha (4–10 Hz), beta (10–35 Hz) and gamma (35–60 Hz) frequency bands. ASD patients showed greater force variability than controls when attempting to maintain a constant force. Relative to controls, patients also showed increased central modulation of the motorneuron pool at beta and gamma bands. For controls, reduced force variability was associated with reduced delta frequency modulation of the motorneuron pool activity of the FDI muscle and increased modulation at beta and gamma bands. In contrast, delta, beta, and gamma frequency oscillations were not associated with force variability in ASD. These findings suggest that alterations of central mechanisms that control motorneuron pool firing may underlie the common and often impairing symptoms of ASD.
2017-06-07T16:53:45Z
2017-06-07T16:53:45Z
2017-03-25
Article
Wang, Z., Kwon, M., Mohanty, S., Schmitt, L. M., White, S. P., Christou, E. A., & Mosconi, M. W. (2017). Increased Force Variability Is Associated with Altered Modulation of the Motorneuron Pool Activity in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(4), 698. http://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18040698
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24406
10.3390/ijms18040698
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2265-0891
PMC5412284
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
MDPI
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/308852020-11-20T09:00:56Zcom_1808_238com_1808_89col_1808_13429col_1808_90
Resting-State Brain Network Dysfunctions Associated With Visuomotor Impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Wang, Zheng
Wang, Yan
Sweeney, John A.
Gong, Qiyong
Lui, Su
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Autism spectrum disorder
Resting-state functional MRI
Visuomotor control
Precision grip
Cortical–cerebellar connectivity
Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations
Functional connectivity
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Background: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show elevated levels of motor variability that are associated with clinical outcomes. Cortical–cerebellar networks involved in visuomotor control have been implicated in postmortem and anatomical imaging studies of ASD. However, the extent to which these networks show intrinsic functional alterations in patients, and the relationship between intrinsic functional properties of cortical–cerebellar networks and visuomotor impairments in ASD have not yet been clarified.
Methods: We examined the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) of cortical and cerebellar brain regions during resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) in 23 individuals with ASD and 16 typically developing (TD) controls. Regions of interest (ROIs) with ALFF values significantly associated with motor variability were identified for for patients and controls respectively, and their functional connectivity (FC) to each other and to the rest of the brain was examined.
Results: For TD controls, greater ALFF in bilateral cerebellar crus I, left superior temporal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus, right supramarginal gyrus, and left angular gyrus each were associated with greater visuomotor variability. Greater ALFF in cerebellar lobule VIII was associated with less visuomotor variability. For individuals with ASD, greater ALFF in right calcarine cortex, right middle temporal gyrus (including MT/V5), left Heschl's gyrus, left post-central gyrus, right pre-central gyrus, and left precuneus was related to greater visuomotor variability. Greater ALFF in cerebellar vermis VI was associated with less visuomotor variability. Individuals with ASD and TD controls did not show differences in ALFF for any of these ROIs. Individuals with ASD showed greater posterior cerebellar connectivity with occipital and parietal cortices relative to TD controls, and reduced FC within cerebellum and between lateral cerebellum and pre-frontal and other regions of association cortex.
Conclusion: Together, these findings suggest that increased resting oscillations within visuomotor networks in ASD are associated with more severe deficits in controlling variability during precision visuomotor behavior. Differences between individuals with ASD and TD controls in the topography of networks showing relationships to visuomotor behavior suggest atypical patterns of cerebellar–cortical specialization and connectivity in ASD that underlies previously documented visuomotor deficits.
NIMH K23 (MH092696)
NIMH R01 (MH112734)
Kansas Center for Autism Research and Training (K-CART) Research Investment Council Strategic Initiative Grant
NICHD U54 Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center Award (U54HD090216)
National Natural Science Foundation of China Award (grant no. 81371527)
2020-11-19T16:25:23Z
2020-11-19T16:25:23Z
2019-05-31
Article
Wang, Z., Wang, Y., Sweeney, J. A., Gong, Q., Lui, S., & Mosconi, M. W. (2019). Resting-State Brain Network Dysfunctions Associated With Visuomotor Impairments in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Frontiers in integrative neuroscience, 13, 17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2019.00017
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30885
10.3389/fnint.2019.00017
PMC6554427
© 2019 Wang, Wang, Sweeney, Gong, Lui and Mosconi.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Frontiers Media
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/211172018-07-16T16:38:10Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Examining the influence of task set on eye movements and fixations
Mills, Mark
Hollingworth, Andrew
Van der Stigchel, Stefan
Hoffman, Lesa
Dodd, Michael D.
Eye movements
Space and scene perception
Visual cognition
Active vision
Scene recognition
Search
The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of task set on the spatial and temporal characteristics of eye movements during scene perception. In previous work, when strong control was exerted over the viewing task via specification of a target object (as in visual search), task set biased spatial, rather than temporal, parameters of eye movements. Here, we find that more participant-directed tasks (in which the task establishes general goals of viewing rather than specific objects to fixate) affect not only spatial (e.g., saccade amplitude) but also temporal parameters (e.g., fixation duration). Further, task set influenced the rate of change in fixation duration over the course of viewing but not saccade amplitude, suggesting independent mechanisms for control of these parameters.
2016-07-15T18:01:29Z
2016-07-15T18:01:29Z
2011-07
Article
Mills, Mark, Andrew Hollingworth, Stefan Van Der Stigchel, Lesa Hoffman, and Michael D. Dodd. "Examining the Influence of Task Set on Eye Movements and Fixations." Journal of Vision 17th ser. 11.8 (2011): 1-15.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/21117
10.1167/11.8.17
All the contents of this journal, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/242982019-04-12T14:18:09Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Rhesus macaque model of chronic opiate dependence and neuro-AIDS: longitudinal assessment of auditory brainstem responses and visual evoked potentials
Riazi, Mariam
Marcario, Joanne K.
Samson, Frank K.
Kenjale, Himanshu
Adany, Istvan
Staggs, Vincent
Ledford, Emily
Marquis, Janet
Narayan, Opendra
Cheney, Paul D.
SIV
Monkey
Morphine
Evoked potentials
Opiates
Neuro-AIDS
Our work characterizes the effects of opiate (morphine) dependence on auditory brainstem and visual evoked responses in a rhesus macaque model of neuro-AIDS utilizing a chronic continuous drug delivery paradigm. The goal of this study was to clarify whether morphine is protective, or if it exacerbates simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) related systemic and neurological disease. Our model employs a macrophage tropic CD4/CCR5 co-receptor virus, SIVmac239 (R71/E17), which crosses the blood brain barrier shortly after inoculation and closely mimics the natural disease course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The cohort was divided into 3 groups: morphine only, SIV only, and SIV + morphine. Evoked potential (EP) abnormalities in sub-clinically infected macaques were evident as early as eight weeks post-inoculation. Prolongations in EP latencies were observed in SIV-infected macaques across all modalities. Animals with the highest CSF viral loads and clinical disease showed more abnormalities than those with sub-clinical disease, confirming our previous work (Raymond et al, 1998, 1999, 2000). Although some differences were observed in auditory and visual evoked potentials in morphine treated compared to untreated SIV-infected animals, the effects were relatively small and not consistent across evoked potential type. However, morphine treated animals with subclinical disease had a clear tendency toward higher virus loads in peripheral and CNS tissues (Marcario et al., 2008) suggesting that if had been possible to follow all animals to end-stage disease, a clearer pattern of evoked potential abnormality might have emerged.
2017-05-24T17:40:21Z
2017-05-24T17:40:21Z
2009-06
Article
Riazi, M., Marcario, J. K., Samson, F. K., Kenjale, H., Adany, I., Staggs, V., … Cheney, P. D. (2009). Rhesus macaque model of chronic opiate dependence and neuro-AIDS: longitudinal assessment of auditory brainstem responses and visual evoked potentials. Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : The Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 4(2), 260–275. http://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-009-9149-3
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24298
10.1007/s11481-009-9149-3
PMC3713620
© Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2009
openAccess
application/pdf
Springer Verlag
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/205642019-04-12T14:55:16Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
From the Editor
Murray, Angela
This is the published version.
2016-03-25T20:54:44Z
2016-03-25T20:54:44Z
2015
Article
Murray, Angela. "From the Editor." Journal of Montessori Research 1 (2015): n. pag. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jomr.v1i1.5039
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/20564
10.17161/jomr.v1i1.5039
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6310-8842
openAccess
application/pdf
American Montessori Society
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/339642023-03-01T09:01:00Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Maternal well-being and family adaptation during COVID-19 in fragile X syndrome
Fielding-Gebhardt, Heather
Swinburne Romine, Rebecca
Bredin-Oja, Shelley
Brady, Nancy
Warren, Steven F.
Anxiety
COVID-19
FMR1 premutation
Fragile X syndrome
Adaptation
Mothers of children with fragile X syndrome are at increased risk of experiencing anxiety and depression due to potential genetic risk and to stress associated with parenting a child with significant behavioral, emotional, and educational support needs. During the initial shutdown and subsequent restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic, mothers of children with fragile X reported experiencing elevated levels of anxiety and depression relative to their usual levels of well-being. Many indicated that the negative consequences of exposure to COVID-19 and related stressors, as well as the impacts of the pandemic on their family, directly affected their anxiety and depression. Mothers reported on specific sources of distress as well as potential sources of resilience and positive adaptation that occurred during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.
2023-02-28T15:50:02Z
2023-02-28T15:50:02Z
2022-08-23
Article
Fielding-Gebhardt H, Swinburne Romine R, Bredin-Oja S, Brady N and Warren SF (2022) Maternal well-being and family adaptation during COVID-19 in fragile X syndrome. Front. Psychiatry 13:952118. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.952118
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/33964
10.3389/fpsyt.2022.952118
PMC9445157
© 2022 Fielding-Gebhardt, Swinburne Romine, Bredin-Oja, Brady and Warren. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Frontiers Media
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/324272022-01-19T09:00:56Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Developmental effects on sleep–wake patterns in infants receiving a cow’s milk-based infant formula with an added prebiotic blend: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Colombo, John
Carlson, Susan E.
Algarín, Cecilia
Reyes, Sussanne
Chichlowski, Maciej
Harris, Cheryl L.
Wampler, Jennifer L.
Peirano, Patricio
Berseth, Carol Lynn
Background
Few studies have evaluated nutritive effects of prebiotics on infant behavior state, physiology, or metabolic status.
Methods
In this double-blind randomized study, infants (n = 161) received cow’s milk-based infant formula (Control) or similar formula with an added prebiotic blend (polydextrose and galactooligosaccharides [PDX/GOS]) from 14–35 to 112 days of age. Infant wake behavior (crying/fussing, awake/content) and 24-h sleep–wake actograms were analyzed (Baseline, Days 70 and 112). Salivary cortisol was immunoassayed (Days 70 and 112). In a subset, exploratory stool 16S ribosomal RNA-sequencing was analyzed (Baseline, Day 112).
Results
One hundred and thirty-one infants completed the study. Average duration of crying/fussing episodes was similar at Baseline, significantly shorter for PDX/GOS vs. Control at Day 70, and the trajectory continued at Day 112. Latency to first and second nap was significantly longer for PDX/GOS vs. Control at Day 112. Cortisol awakening response was demonstrated at Days 70 and 112. Significant stool microbiome beta-diversity and individual taxa abundance differences were observed in the PDX/GOS group.
Conclusions
Results indicate faster consolidation of daytime waking state in infants receiving prebiotics and support home-based actigraphy to assess early sleep–wake patterns. A prebiotic effect on wake organization is consistent with influence on the gut–brain axis and warrants further investigation.
Impact
Few studies have evaluated nutritive effects of prebiotics on infant behavior state, cortisol awakening response, sleep–wake entrainment, and gut microbiome.
Faster consolidation of daytime waking state was demonstrated in infants receiving a prebiotic blend in infant formula through ~4 months of age.
Shorter episodes of crying were demonstrated at ~2 months of age (time point corresponding to age/developmental range associated with peak crying) in infants receiving formula with added prebiotics.
Results support home-based actigraphy as a suitable method to assess early sleep–wake patterns.
Prebiotic effect on wake organization is consistent with influence on the gut–brain axis and warrants further investigation.
2022-01-18T15:23:13Z
2022-01-18T15:23:13Z
2020-07-02
Article
Colombo, J., Carlson, S.E., Algarín, C. et al. Developmental effects on sleep–wake patterns in infants receiving a cow’s milk-based infant formula with an added prebiotic blend: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Pediatr Res 89, 1222–1231 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-020-1044-x
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32427
10.1038/s41390-020-1044-x
PMC8119237
© International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc. 2020. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Springer Nature
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/246602019-04-12T14:23:16Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Aerobic exercise alone results in clinically significant weight loss for men and women: Midwest Exercise Trial-2
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Honas, Jeffery J.
Smith, Bryan K.
Mayo, Matthew S.
Gibson, Cheryl A.
Sullivan, Debra K.
Lee, Jaehoon
Herrmann, Stephen D.
Lambourne, Kate
Washburn, Rik A.
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Donnelly, J. E., Honas, J. J., Smith, B. K., Mayo, M. S., Gibson, C. A., Sullivan, D. K., Lee, J., Herrmann, S. D., Lambourne, K. and Washburn, R. A. (2013), Aerobic exercise alone results in clinically significant weight loss for men and women: Midwest exercise trial 2. Obesity, 21: E219–E228. doi:10.1002/oby.20145, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20145. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Exercise is recommended by public health agencies for weight management; however, the role of exercise is generally considered secondary to energy restriction. Few studies exist that have verified completion of exercise, measured the energy expenditure of exercise, and prescribed exercise with equivalent energy expenditure across individuals and genders. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate aerobic exercise, without energy restriction, on weight loss in sedentary overweight and obese men and women. DESIGN AND METHODS This investigation was a randomized, controlled, efficacy trial in 141 overweight and obese participants (body mass index, 31.0 ± 4.6 kg/m2; age 22.6 ± 3.9 years). Participants were randomized (2:2:1 ratio) to exercise at either 400 kcal/session or 600 kcal/session or to a non-exercise control. Exercise was supervised, 5 days/week, for 10 months. All participants were instructed to maintain usual ad libitum diets. Due to the efficacy design, completion of ≥ 90% of exercise sessions was an a priori definition of per protocol, and these participants were included in the analysis. RESULTS Weight loss from baseline to 10 months for the 400 and 600 kcal/session groups was 3.9 ± 4.9kg (4.3%) and 5.2 ± 5.6kg (5.7%), respectively compared to weight gain for controls of 0.5 ± 3.5kg (0.5%) (p<0.05). Differences for weight loss from baseline to 10 months between the exercise groups and differences between men and women within groups were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Supervised exercise, with equivalent energy expenditure, results in clinically significant weight loss with no significant difference between men and women.
2017-06-27T18:59:53Z
2017-06-27T18:59:53Z
2013-03
Article
Donnelly, J. E., Honas, J. J., Smith, B. K., Mayo, M. S., Gibson, C. A., Sullivan, D. K., Lee, J., Herrmann, S. D., Lambourne, K. and Washburn, R. A. (2013), Aerobic exercise alone results in clinically significant weight loss for men and women: Midwest exercise trial 2. Obesity, 21: E219–E228. doi:10.1002/oby.20145
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24660
10.1002/oby.20145
PMC3630467
openAccess
application/pdf
Wiley
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/246482018-07-17T16:07:50Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Infant Visual Habituation
Colombo, John
Mitchell, D. Wayne
The use of visual habituation in the study of infant cognition and learning is reviewed. This article traces the history of the technique, underlying theory, and procedural variation in its measurement. In addition, we review empirical findings with respect to the cognitive processes that presumably contribute to habituation, studies of developmental course and long-term prediction, as well as recent attempts to address or explain the phenomenon of visual habituation through the use of mathematical or quantitative models. The review ends with an appeal for a return to the study of habituation per se as a valid measure of infant learning, rather than relegating the phenomenon to its use as a technique for familiarizing infants in procedures testing for discrimination or recognition.
2017-06-27T17:13:38Z
2017-06-27T17:13:38Z
2009-09
Article
Colombo, J., & Mitchell, D. W. (2009). Infant Visual Habituation. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 92(2), 225–234. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2008.06.002
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24648
10.1016/j.nlm.2008.06.002
PMC2758574
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/324982022-02-09T09:01:00Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Modeling individual development plans, mentoring support, and career preparedness relationships among Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) trainees in the life sciences
Chang, Chi-Ning
Patterson, Clinton A.
Vanderford, Nathan L.
Evans, Teresa M.
Individual Development Plan
Mentoring support
Career development
Doctoral education
Postdoctoral training
Background: As greater career development support for doctoral students and postdoctoral researchers has been emphasized, the individual development plan (IDP) has become a recommended mentoring tool. However, little is known about the effect of IDPs on mentoring and career development. This study proposed two conceptual models to examine the interrelationships among the use of IDPs, mentoring support, and career preparedness with a diverse sample of doctoral students and postdoctoral researchers in the life sciences.
Methods: The data leveraged for this study was collected over a three-month period, March 2016 to June 2016, as part of a cross-sectional, online survey. The survey was distributed through social media and direct email to participants enrolled in life/biological/medical or physical/applied doctoral programs at U.S. institutions. To test the proposed conceptual models, this study employed the design-based multilevel structural equation modeling.
Results: The analytic sample comprised 660 doctoral students and postdoctoral researchers in the life sciences from 91 institutions. The results suggested that 1) using the IDP could enhance mentoring support and career preparedness of doctoral students and postdoctoral researchers; 2) greater mentoring support and career preparedness would motivate mentees to continue utilizing the IDP with their principal investigator (PI) or advisor; and 3) females, postdoctoral researchers, and international scholars might need more support throughout the mentoring and career development process.
Conclusions: This research offered empirical evidence for how an IDP, mentorship, and career preparedness interact. Findings revealed the IDP enhances mentoring support and career preparedness, as well as mentoring support and career preparedness predict IDP use. We conclude the IDP is an important mentorship tool that enhances trainees’ overall career preparation.
2022-02-08T15:03:22Z
2022-02-08T15:03:22Z
2021-12-17
Article
Chang CN, Patterson CA, Vanderford NL and Evans TM. Modeling individual development plans, mentoring support, and career preparedness relationships among Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) trainees in the life sciences [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]. F1000Research 2021, 10:626 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.53705.2)
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32498
10.12688/f1000research.53705.2
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-4659-4898
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-5468-7264
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-0810-2701
PMC8758970
© 2021 Chang CN et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
F1000Research
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/237192019-04-12T14:15:16Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Technologies for expanding the reach of evidence-based interventions: Preliminary results for promoting social-emotional development in early childhood
Baggett, Kathleen M.
Davis, Betsy
Feil, Edward G.
Sheeber, Lisa B.
Landry, Susan H.
Carta, Judith J.
Leve, Craig
2017-04-17T20:49:44Z
2017-04-17T20:49:44Z
2010-02-01
Article
Baggett, Kathleen M. et al. “Technologies for Expanding the Reach of Evidence-Based Interventions: Preliminary Results for Promoting Social-Emotional Development in Early Childhood.” Topics in early childhood special education 29.4 (2010): 226–238.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23719
10.1177/0271121409354782
Copyright SAGE Publications
openAccess
application/pdf
SAGE Publications
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/114152018-02-19T17:54:23Zcom_1808_267com_1808_238col_1808_16906col_1808_13429
The system for observing fitness instruction time (SOFIT) as a measure of energy expenditure during classroom based physical activity
Honas, Jeffery J.
Washburn, Richard A.
Smith, Bryan K.
Greene, Leon
Cook-Wiens, Galen
Donnelly, Joseph E.
This is the publisher's version, also found at http://ehis.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?sid=bdcb9517-1b54-4982-90e4-2ce710c9f0a9%40sessionmgr14&vid=1&hid=2&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=s3h&AN=35152043
The aim of this investigation was to develop an equation to estimate physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) during a 10-min physically active academic lesson using The System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT) and demographic information. PAEE (portable indirect calorimeter) and physical activity (SOFIT) were simultaneously assessed in 38, 2nd through 5th grade children. PAEE and SOFIT were 3.04 ± 1.1 (kcal/min) and 3.8 ± 0.4 (score), respectively. PAEE was predicted from SOFIT score and body weight [PAEE (kcal/min) = (1.384*SOFIT + 0.084*weight (kg)—5.126), R = .81, SEE = 1.23 kcal/min]. PAEE measured by indirect calorimeter and predicted from SOFIT and body weight were 3.04 ± 1.1 (kcal/min) and 3.04 ± 0.9 kcal/min) respectively. SOFIT and body weight may provide a useful measure of PAEE associated with classroom based physical activity. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR
2013-07-10T21:07:55Z
2013-07-10T21:07:55Z
2008
Article
Honas, Jeffery J.; Washburn, Ricahrd A.; Smith, Bryan K.; Greene, Jerry Leon. (2008) The system for observing fitness instruction time (SOFIT) as a measure of energy expenditure during classroom based physical activity. Pediatric Exercise Science, 20: 439-445.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/11415
en_US
http://ehis.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?sid=bdcb9517-1b54-4982-90e4-2ce710c9f0a9%40sessionmgr14&vid=1&hid=2&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=s3h&AN=35152043
openAccess
application/pdf
Human Kinetics
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/322442021-12-04T09:01:04Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Visual and somatosensory feedback mechanisms of precision manual motor control in autism spectrum disorder
Shafer, Robin L.
Wang, Zheng
Bartolotti, James
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Background
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show deficits processing sensory feedback to reactively adjust ongoing motor behaviors. Atypical reliance on visual and somatosensory feedback each have been reported during motor behaviors in ASD suggesting that impairments are not specific to one sensory domain but may instead reflect a deficit in multisensory processing, resulting in reliance on unimodal feedback. The present study tested this hypothesis by examining motor behavior across different visual and somatosensory feedback conditions during a visually guided precision grip force test.
Methods
Participants with ASD (N = 43) and age-matched typically developing (TD) controls (N = 23), ages 10–20 years, completed a test of precision gripping. They pressed on force transducers with their index finger and thumb while receiving visual feedback on a computer screen in the form of a horizontal bar that moved upwards with increased force. They were instructed to press so that the bar reached the level of a static target bar and then to hold their grip force as steadily as possible. Visual feedback was manipulated by changing the gain of the force bar. Somatosensory feedback was manipulated by applying 80 Hz tendon vibration at the wrist to disrupt the somatosensory percept. Force variability (standard deviation) and irregularity (sample entropy) were examined using multilevel linear models.
Results
While TD controls showed increased force variability with the tendon vibration on compared to off, individuals with ASD showed similar levels of force variability across tendon vibration conditions. Individuals with ASD showed stronger age-associated reductions in force variability relative to controls across conditions. The ASD group also showed greater age-associated increases in force irregularity relative to controls, especially at higher gain levels and when the tendon vibrator was turned on.
Conclusions
Our findings that disrupting somatosensory feedback did not contribute to changes in force variability or regularity among individuals with ASD suggests a reduced ability to integrate somatosensory feedback information to guide ongoing precision manual motor behavior. We also document stronger age-associated gains in force control in ASD relative to TD suggesting delayed development of multisensory feedback control of motor behavior.
2021-12-03T19:21:53Z
2021-12-03T19:21:53Z
2021-09-08
Article
Shafer, R.L., Wang, Z., Bartolotti, J. et al. Visual and somatosensory feedback mechanisms of precision manual motor control in autism spectrum disorder. J Neurodevelop Disord 13, 32 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s11689-021-09381-2
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32244
10.1186/s11689-021-09381-2
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-1981-6777
PMC8427856
© The Author(s). 2021. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
BMC
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/254422018-11-30T17:55:36Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Reduced habituation of auditory evoked potentials indicate cortical hyper-excitability in Fragile X Syndrome
Ethridge, Lauren E.
White, Stormi P.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Wang, J.
Byerly, Matthew J.
Sweeney, John A.
Biomarkers
Neuroscience
Sensory hypersensitivities are common, clinically distressing features of Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). Preclinical evidence suggests this abnormality may result from synaptic hyper-excitability in sensory systems. This model predicts reduced sensory habituation to repeated stimulus presentation. Fourteen adolescents and adults with FXS and 15 age-matched controls participated in a modified auditory gating task using trains of 4 identical tones during dense array electroencephalography (EEG). Event-related potential and single trial time–frequency analyses revealed decreased habituation of the N1 event-related potential response in FXS, and increased gamma power coupled with decreases in gamma phase-locking during the early-stimulus registration period. EEG abnormalities in FXS were associated with parent reports of heightened sensory sensitivities and social communication deficits. Reduced habituation and altered gamma power and phase-locking to auditory cues demonstrated here in FXS patients parallels preclinical findings with Fmr1 KO mice. Thus, the EEG abnormalities seen in FXS patients support the model of neocortical hyper-excitability in FXS, and may provide useful translational biomarkers for evaluating novel treatment strategies targeting its neural substrate.
2017-11-20T17:51:54Z
2017-11-20T17:51:54Z
2016-04-19
Article
Ethridge, L. E., White, S. P., Mosconi, M. W., Wang, J., Byerly, M. J., & Sweeney, J. A. (2016). Reduced habituation of auditory evoked potentials indicate cortical hyper-excitability in Fragile X Syndrome. Translational Psychiatry, 6(4). doi:10.1038/tp.2016.48
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/25442
10.1038/tp.2016.48
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the
material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Nature Publishing Group
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/240252018-11-29T18:08:41Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Physical Activity Across the Curriculum (PAAC): a randomized controlled trial to promote physical activity and diminish overweight and obesity in elementary school children
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Greene, Jerry L.
Gibson, Cheryl A.
Smith, Bryan K.
Washburn, Richard A.
Sullivan, Debra K.
DuBose, Katrina D.
Mayo, Matthew S.
Schmelzle, Kristin H.
Ryan, Joseph J.
Jacobsen, Dennis J.
Williams, Shannon L.
Objective
Physical Activity Across the Curriculum (PAAC) was a three-year cluster randomized controlled trial to promote physical activity and diminish increases in overweight and obesity in elementary school children.
Methods
Twenty-four elementary schools were cluster randomized to the PAAC intervention or served as control. All children in grades two and three were followed to grades four and five. PAAC promoted 90 minutes/wk of moderate to vigorous intensity physically active academic lessons delivered by classroom teachers. BMI was the primary outcome, daily PA and academic achievement were secondary outcomes.
Results
The three-year change in BMI for PAAC was 2.0 ± 1.9 and control 1.9 ± 1.9, respectively (NS). However, change in BMI from baseline to three years was significantly influenced by exposure to PAAC. Schools with ≥75 minutes of PAAC/wk showed significantly less increase in BMI at three years compared to schools that had <75 minutes of PAAC (1.8 ± 1.8 vs. 2.4 ± 2.0, p=0.02). PAAC schools had significantly greater changes in daily PA and academic achievement scores.
Conclusions
The PAAC approach may promote daily PA and academic achievement in elementary school children. Additionally, 75 minutes of PAAC activities may attenuate increases in BMI.
2017-05-08T20:20:26Z
2017-05-08T20:20:26Z
2009-08-06
Article
Donnelly, Joseph E. et al. “Physical Activity Across the Curriculum (PAAC): A Randomized Controlled Trial to Promote Physical Activity and Diminish Overweight and Obesity in Elementary School Children.” Preventive medicine 49.4 (2009): 336–341.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24025
10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.07.022
PMC2766439
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 3.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 US), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/345842023-07-12T06:08:04Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Recruitment and reach in a school-based pediatric obesity intervention trial in rural areas
Forseth, Bethany
Lancaster, Brittany
Olalde, Megan
Befort, Christie A.
Swinburne Romine, Rebecca E.
Dreyer Gillette, Meredith L.
Dean, Kelsey M.
Nelson, Eve-Lynn
Davis, Ann M.
Representativeness
Dissemination and implementation
Implementation science
RE-AIM evaluation framework
Youth
Children
Introduction: The purpose of this study is to evaluate two recruitment strategies on schools and participant participation rates and representativeness (reach) within a pediatric obesity treatment trial tailored for families who live in rural areas.
Methods: Recruitment of schools was evaluated based on their progress toward enrolling participants. Recruitment and reach of participants were evaluated using (1) participation rates and (2) representativeness of demographics and weight status of participants compared to eligible participants (who did not consent and enroll) and all students (regardless of eligibility). School recruitment, as well as participant recruitment and reach, were evaluated across recruitment methods comparing opt-in (i.e., caregivers agreed to allow their child to be screened for eligibility) vs. screen-first (i.e., all children screened for eligibility).
Results: Of the 395 schools contacted, 34 schools (8.6%) expressed initial interest; of these, 27 (79%) proceeded to recruit participants, and 18 (53%) ultimately participated in the program. Of schools who initiated recruitment, 75% of schools using the opt-in method and 60% of schools using the screen-first method continued participation and were able to recruit a sufficient number of participants. The average participation rate (number of enrolled individuals divided by those who were eligible) from all 18 schools was 21.6%. This percentage was higher in schools using the screen-first method (average of 29.7%) compared to schools using the opt-in method (13.5%). Study participants were representative of the student population based on sex (female), race (White), and eligibility for free and reduced-price lunch. Study participants had higher body mass index (BMI) metrics (BMI, BMIz, and BMI%) than eligible non-participants.
Conclusions: Schools using the opt-in recruitment were more likely to enroll at least 5 families and administer the intervention. However, the participation rate was higher in screen-first schools. The overall study sample was representative of the school demographics.
2023-07-11T15:21:13Z
2023-07-11T15:21:13Z
2023-06-01
Article
Forseth B, Lancaster B, Olalde M, Befort CA, Swinburne Romine RE, Dreyer Gillette ML, Dean KM, Nelson E-L and Davis AM (2023) Recruitment and reach in a school-based pediatric obesity intervention trial in rural areas. Front. Public Health 11:1181757. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1181757
https://hdl.handle.net/1808/34584
10.3389/fpubh.2023.1181757
PMC10267303
© 2023 Forseth, Lancaster, Olalde, Befort, Swinburne Romine, Dreyer Gillette, Dean, Nelson and Davis. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Frontiers Media
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/324802022-02-02T09:00:53Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
A Reflection on Community Research and Action as an Evolving Practice
Fawcett, Stephen B.
Community research
Participatory research
Capacity building
Behavioral science
Community psychology
Public health
Community research and action is an evolving field of practice with multiple influences. Its varied ways of knowing and doing reflect recombined elements from different disciplines, including behavioral science, community psychology, public health, and community development. This article offers a personal reflection based on my evolving practice over nearly 50 years. The focus is on three types of influence: (a) engaging with different communities, fields, and networks (e.g., discovering shared values, diverse methods); (b) building methods and capabilities for the work (e.g., methods for participatory research, tools for capacity building); and (c) partnering for collaborative research and action, locally and globally. This story highlights the nature of the field’s evolution as an increasing variation in methods. Our evolving practice of community research and action—individually and collectively—emerges from the recombination of ideas and methods discovered through engagement in a wide variety of contexts.
2022-02-01T14:51:15Z
2022-02-01T14:51:15Z
2021-11-12
Article
Fawcett, S.B. A Reflection on Community Research and Action as an Evolving Practice. Behav. Soc. Iss. 30, 535–544 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42822-021-00083-x
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32480
10.1007/s42822-021-00083-x
PMC8589455
© The Author(s) 2021. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Springer
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/246612019-04-12T14:23:12Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Equivalent weight loss for weight management programs delivered by phone and clinic
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Goetz, Jeannine
Gibson, Cheryl A.
Sullivan, Debra K.
Lee, Robert
Smith, Bryan K.
Lambourne, Kate
Mayo, Matthew S.
Hunt, Suzanne L.
Lee, Jaehoon
Honas, Jeffery J.
Washburn, Richard A.
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Donnelly, J. E., Goetz, J., Gibson, C., Sullivan, D. K., Lee, R., Smith, B. K., Lambourne, K., Mayo, M. S., Hunt, S., Lee, J. H., Honas, J. J. and Washburn, R. A. (2013), Equivalent weight loss for weight management programs delivered by phone and clinic. Obesity, 21: 1951–1959. doi:10.1002/oby.20334, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20334. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
OBJECTIVE Face-to-face weight management is costly and presents barriers for individuals seeking treatment; thus, alternate delivery systems are needed. The objective of this study was to compare weight management delivered by face-to-face (FTF) clinic or group conference calls (phone). DESIGN AND METHODS Randomized equivalency trial in 295 overweight/obese men/women (BMI = 35.1±4.9, Age = 43.8±10.2, Minority = 39.8%). Weight loss (0–6 months) was achieved by reducing energy intake between 1,200– 1,500 kcal/day and progressing physical activity to 300 minutes/week. Weight maintenance (7–18 months) provided adequate energy to maintain weight and continued 300 minutes/week of physical activity. Behavioral weight management strategies were delivered weekly for 6 months and gradually reduced during months 7–18. A cost analysis provided a comparison of expenses between groups. RESULTS Weight change from baseline to 6 months was −13.4 ± 6.7% and −12.3 ± 7.0% for FTF clinic and phone, respectively. Weight change from 6 months to 18 months was 6.4 ± 7.0% and 6.4 ± 5.2%, for FTF clinic and phone, respectively. The cost to FTF participants was $789.58 more person. CONCLUSIONS Phone delivery provided equivalent weight loss and maintenance and reduced program cost. Ubiquitous access to phones provides a vast reach for this approach.
2017-06-27T19:07:47Z
2017-06-27T19:07:47Z
2013-10
Article
Donnelly, J. E., Goetz, J., Gibson, C., Sullivan, D. K., Lee, R., Smith, B. K., Lambourne, K., Mayo, M. S., Hunt, S., Lee, J. H., Honas, J. J. and Washburn, R. A. (2013), Equivalent weight loss for weight management programs delivered by phone and clinic. Obesity, 21: 1951–1959. doi:10.1002/oby.20334
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24661
10.1002/oby.20334
PMC4442605
openAccess
application/pdf
Wiley
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/244932019-04-16T16:51:09Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Reliability of Peak Treadmill Exercise Tests in Mild Alzheimer Disease
Anderson, Heather S.
Kluding, Patricia M.
Gajewski, Byron J.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Burns, Jeffrey M.
This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in International Journal of Neuroscience on August 2011, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.3109/00207454.2011.574762.
The prevalence of Alzheimer disease (AD) doubles every 5 years after the age of 65, reaching nearly 50% after age 85 (Evans et al., 1989). This, along with an unprecedented growth in the elderly population, is leading to dramatic increases in the incidence of AD. Thus, effective strategies for promoting healthy brain aging and preventing AD are increasingly important. One strategy that appears promising in promoting healthy brain aging is exercise and physical activity. Evidence is accumulating that endurance exercise is beneficial to brain health (Laurin, Verreault, Lindsay, MacPherson, & Rockwood, 2001), and increased cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with increased brain volume in subjects with very mild to mild AD (Burns et al., 2008).
While enhancing cardiorespiratory fitness may be a strategy for preventing cognitive decline in AD, there is limited information available on the validity and reliability of cardiorespiratory fitness measures in this population. The gold standard measure of cardiorespiratory fitness is maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) (Frankin, 2001), the highest rate of oxygen uptake attainable during maximal or exhaustive exercise (American College of Sports Medicine, 2005). If the subject becomes exhausted and ends the test prior to reaching the physiologic VO2max, the end of the test is called peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). It is unknown if advanced age and cognitive difficulties in people with AD would limit their ability to fully participate in a standard graded exercise test to reliably assess VO2max or VO2peak.
Treadmill exercise testing has been found to be reliable in subjects with traumatic brain injury and mental retardation, although these subjects were very young (Fernhall, Millar, Tymeson, & Burkett, 1990; Mossberg & Greene, 2005). Traumatic brain injury and mental retardation are different disease processes than AD and would be expected to result in static rather than progressive cognitive symptoms. With AD, memory is impaired as is the ability to follow commands, however patients in the earliest stages of AD would be expected to respond to prompting and reminders to follow testing procedures. To our knowledge, no studies have assessed the reliability of peak treadmill exercise testing in subjects with AD. In our previous research on patients with very mild to mild AD (Burns, et al., 2008), we have found them to be capable of ambulating on a treadmill and completing peak treadmill exercise testing with 3 participants out of 74 (126 total peak exercise tests) identified as having EKG changes during testing. All 3 participants had negative follow-up testing in cardiology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability of a graded peak treadmill exercise test in elderly people with early AD.
2017-06-13T20:03:16Z
2017-06-13T20:03:16Z
2011-08
Article
Anderson, H. S., Kluding, P. M., Gajewski, B. J., Donnelly, J. E., & Burns, J. M. (2011). Reliability of Peak Treadmill Exercise Tests in Mild Alzheimer Disease. The International Journal of Neuroscience, 121(8), 450–456. http://doi.org/10.3109/00207454.2011.574762
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24493
10.3109/00207454.2011.574762
PMC3143203
openAccess
application/pdf
Taylor & Francis
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/308672020-11-18T09:01:02Zcom_1808_238com_1808_89col_1808_13429col_1808_90
Developmental Effects on Auditory Neural Oscillatory Synchronization Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum Disorder
De Stefano, Lisa A.
Schmitt, Lauren M.
White, Stormi P.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Sweeney, John A.
Ethridge, Lauren E.
Autism spectrum disorder
EEG
Chirp
Sensory
Development
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Previous studies have found alterations in 40 Hz oscillatory activity in response to auditory stimuli in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The current study sought to examine the specificity and developmental trajectory of these findings by driving the cortex to oscillate at a range of frequencies in both children and adults with and without ASD. Fifteen participants with ASD (3 female, aged 6–23 years) and 15 age-matched controls (4 female, aged 6–25 years) underwent dense-array EEG as they listened to a carrier tone amplitude-modulated by a sinusoid linearly increasing in frequency from 0–100 Hz over 2 s. EEG data were analyzed for inter-trial phase coherence (ITPC) and single-trial power (STP). Older participants with ASD displayed significantly decreased ability to phase-lock to the stimulus in the low gamma frequency range relative to their typically developing (TD) counterparts, while younger ASD and TD did not significantly differ from each other. An interaction between age and diagnosis suggested that TD and ASD also show different developmental trajectories for low gamma power; TD showed a significant decrease in low gamma power with age, while ASD did not. Regardless of age, increased low gamma STP was significantly correlated with increased clinical scores for repetitive behaviors in the ASD group, particularly insistence on sameness. This study contributes to a growing body of evidence supporting alterations in auditory processing in ASD. Older ASD participants showed more pronounced low gamma deficits than younger participants, suggesting an altered developmental trajectory for neural activity contributing to auditory processing deficits that may also be more broadly clinically relevant. Future studies are needed employing a longitudinal approach to confirm findings of this cross-sectional study.
NIMH Autism Center of Excellence 1P50HD055751-01
NIMH Autism Center of Excellence K23MH092696
NIMH Autism Center of Excellence K01MH087720
Department of the Army award AR100276
Autism Speaks
2020-11-17T22:05:39Z
2020-11-17T22:05:39Z
2019-07-25
Article
De Stefano, L. A., Schmitt, L. M., White, S. P., Mosconi, M. W., Sweeney, J. A., & Ethridge, L. E. (2019). Developmental Effects on Auditory Neural Oscillatory Synchronization Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Frontiers in integrative neuroscience, 13, 34. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2019.00034
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30867
10.3389/fnint.2019.00034
PMC6670023
© 2019 De Stefano, Schmitt, White, Mosconi, Sweeney and Ethridge.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Frontiers Media
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/308422020-11-13T09:00:50Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Cerebellar-cortical function and connectivity during sensorimotor behavior in aging FMR1 gene premutation carriers
McKinney, Walker S.
Bartolotti, James
Khemani, Pravin
Wang, Jun Yi
Hagerman, Randi J.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS)
Sensorimotor
Extrastriate cortex
Cerebellar Crus I
Functional connectivity
FMR1 premutation
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Introduction
Premutation carriers of the FMR1 gene are at risk of developing fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor, cognitive, and psychiatric decline as well as cerebellar and cerebral white matter pathology. Several studies have documented preclinical sensorimotor issues in aging premutation carriers, but the extent to which sensorimotor brain systems are affected and may represent early indicators of atypical neurodegeneration has not been determined.
Materials and methods
Eighteen healthy controls and 16 FMR1 premutation carriers (including five with possible, probable, or definite FXTAS) group-matched on age, sex, and handedness completed a visually guided precision gripping task with their right hand during fMRI. During the test, they used a modified pinch grip to press at 60% of their maximum force against a custom fiber-optic transducer. Participants viewed a horizontal white force bar that moved upward with increased force and downward with decreased force and a static target bar that was red during rest and turned green to cue the participant to begin pressing at the beginning of each trial. Participants were instructed to press so that the white force bar stayed as steady as possible at the level of the green target bar. Trials were 2-sec in duration and alternated with 2-sec rest periods. Five 24-sec blocks consisting of six trials were presented. Participants’ reaction time, the accuracy of their force relative to the target force, and the variability of their force accuracy across trials were examined. BOLD signal change and task-based functional connectivity (FC) were examined during force vs. rest.
Results
Relative to healthy controls, premutation carriers showed increased trial-to-trial variability of force output, though this was specific to younger premutation carriers in our sample. Relative to healthy controls, premutation carriers also showed reduced extrastriate activation during force relative to rest. FC between ipsilateral cerebellar Crus I and extrastriate cortex was reduced in premutation carriers compared to controls. Reduced Crus I-extrastriate FC was related to increased force accuracy variability in premutation carriers. Increased reaction time was associated with more severe clinically rated neurological abnormalities.
Conclusions
Findings of reduced activation in extrastriate cortex and reduced Crus I-extrastriate FC implicate deficient visual feedback processing and reduced cerebellar modulation of corrective motor commands. Our results are consistent with documented cerebellar pathology and visual-spatial processing in FXTAS and pre-symptomatic premutation carriers, and suggest FC alterations of cerebellar-cortical networks during sensorimotor behavior may represent a “prodromal” feature associated with FXTAS degeneration.
Once Upon a Time Foundation
NIH U54 HD090216
2020-11-12T16:06:52Z
2020-11-12T16:06:52Z
2020-07-02
Article
McKinney, W. S., Bartolotti, J., Khemani, P., Wang, J. Y., Hagerman, R. J., & Mosconi, M. W. (2020). Cerebellar-cortical function and connectivity during sensorimotor behavior in aging FMR1 gene premutation carriers. NeuroImage. Clinical, 27, 102332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102332
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30842
10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102332
PMC7381687
© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/324952022-02-08T09:01:03Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Visuomotor brain network activation and functional connectivity among individuals with autism spectrum disorder
Lepping, Rebecca J.
McKinney, Walker S.
Magnon, Grant C.
Keedy, Sarah K.
Wang, Zheng
Coombes, Stephen A.
Vaillancourt, David E.
Sweeney, John A.
Mosconi, Matthew W.
Autism spectrum disorder
fMRI
Functional connectivity
Motor function
Visuomotor integration
Sensorimotor abnormalities are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and predictive of functional outcomes, though their neural underpinnings remain poorly understood. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined both brain activation and functional connectivity during visuomotor behavior in 27 individuals with ASD and 30 typically developing (TD) controls (ages 9–35 years). Participants maintained a constant grip force while receiving visual feedback at three different visual gain levels. Relative to controls, ASD participants showed increased force variability, especially at high gain, and reduced entropy. Brain activation was greater in individuals with ASD than controls in supplementary motor area, bilateral superior parietal lobules, and contralateral middle frontal gyrus at high gain. During motor action, functional connectivity was reduced between parietal-premotor and parietal-putamen in individuals with ASD compared to controls. Individuals with ASD also showed greater age-associated increases in functional connectivity between cerebellum and visual, motor, and prefrontal cortical areas relative to controls. These results indicate that visuomotor deficits in ASD are associated with atypical activation and functional connectivity of posterior parietal, premotor, and striatal circuits involved in translating sensory feedback information into precision motor behaviors, and that functional connectivity of cerebellar–cortical sensorimotor and nonsensorimotor networks show delayed maturation.
2022-02-07T17:12:20Z
2022-02-07T17:12:20Z
2021-10-30
Article
Lepping, R. J., McKinney, W. S., Magnon, G. C., Keedy, S. K., Wang, Z., Coombes, S. A., Vaillancourt, D. E., Sweeney, J. A., & Mosconi, M. W. (2022). Visuomotor brain network activation and functional connectivity among individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Human brain mapping, 43(2), 844–859. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25692
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/32495
10.1002/hbm.25692
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-9269-051X
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-5281-3749
https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-5663-6476
PMC8720186
© 2021 The Authors. Human Brain Mapping published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
openAccess
application/pdf
Wiley Open Access
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/127562018-04-25T17:15:09Zcom_1808_84com_1808_238col_1808_85col_1808_13429
Comparison of a reduced carbohydrate and reduced fat diet for LDL, HDL, and VLDL subclasses during 9-months of weight maintenance subsequent to weight loss
LeCheminant, James D.
Smith, Bryan K.
Westman, Eric C.
Vernon, Mary C.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Objectives: This study compared LDL, HDL, and VLDL subclasses in overweight or obese adults consuming either a reduced carbohydrate (RC) or reduced fat (RF) weight maintenance diet for 9 months following significant weight loss.
Methods: Thirty-five (21 RC; 14 RF) overweight or obese middle-aged adults completed a 1-year weight management clinic. Participants met weekly for the first six months and bi-weekly thereafter. Meetings included instruction for diet, physical activity, and behavior change related to weight management. Additionally, participants followed a liquid very low-energy diet of ~2092 kJ per day for the first three months of the study. Subsequently, participants followed a dietary plan for nine months that targeted a reduced percentage of carbohydrate (~20%) or fat (~30%) intake and an energy intake level calculated to maintain weight loss. Lipid subclasses using NMR spectroscopy were analyzed prior to weight loss and at multiple intervals during weight maintenance.
Results: Body weight change was not significantly different within or between groups during weight maintenance (p > 0.05). The RC group showed significant increases in mean LDL size, large LDL, total HDL, large and small HDL, mean VLDL size, and large VLDL during weight maintenance while the RF group showed increases in total HDL, large and small HDL, total VLDL, and large, medium, and small VLDL (p < 0.05). Group*time interactions were significant for large and medium VLDL (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Some individual lipid subclasses improved in both dietary groups. Large and medium VLDL subclasses increased to a greater extent across weight maintenance in the RF group.
2014-01-16T22:47:48Z
2014-01-16T22:47:48Z
2010-06-01
Article
LeCheminant, James D, Bryan K Smith, Eric C Westman, Mary C Vernon, and Joseph E Donnelly. 2010. “Comparison of a Reduced Carbohydrate and Reduced Fat Diet for LDL, HDL, and VLDL Subclasses during 9-Months of Weight Maintenance Subsequent to Weight Loss.” Lipids in Health and Disease 9: 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-9-54.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/12756
10.1186/1476-511X-9-54
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
openAccess
application/pdf
BioMed Central
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/210232018-01-19T17:55:36Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Commensurate Priors on a Finite Mixture Model for Incorporating Repository Data in Clinical Trials
Gajewski, Byron J.
Reese, C. Reese
Colombo, John
Carlson, Susan E.
Healthcare costs
Public policy
Dichotomization
Mixture models
Historical controls
Commensurate priors
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a good source of fat that can be taken up through food, such as fish, or taken as a supplement. Evidence is building that DHA provides a high-yield, low-risk strategy to reduce preterm birth and/or low birth weight. These births are great costs to society. A recently completed Phase III trial revealed that higher birth weight and gestational age were associated with DHA dosed at 600 mg/day. In this article, we take a posterior predictive approach to assess impacts of these findings on public health. Simple statistical models are not adequate for accurate posterior predictive distribution estimation. Of particular interest is that the joint distribution of birth weight and gestational age is well modeled by a finite mixture of three normal distributions. Data from our own clinical trial exhibit similar features. Using the mean and variance-covariance matrices from a previous study and flexible commensurate priors for the mixing parameters, we estimate the effect of DHA supplementation on over 20,000 infants born in hospitals demographically similar to the hospital where the clinical trial was conducted.
2016-06-24T17:25:17Z
2016-06-24T17:25:17Z
2016-02-02
Article
Byron J. Gajewski , C. Shane Reese , John Colombo , Susan E. Carlson. "Commensurate Priors on a Finite Mixture Model for Incorporating Repository Data in Clinical Trials." Statistics in Biopharmaceutical Research, 8(2): 151-160 (2016). DOI: 10.1080/19466315.2015.1133453
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/21023
10.1080/19466315.2015.1133453
openAccess
application/pdf
Taylor and Francis
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/222872019-04-12T14:16:26Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
A cross-cultural comparison of the self-determination construct in Italian and American adolescents
Ginerva, Maria Cristina
Nota, Laura
Soresi, Salvatore
Shogren, Karrie A.
Wehmeyer, Michael L.
Little, Todd D.
Self-determination
Adolescence
Culture
The functional theory of self-determination (fSDT) defines and operationalises self-determination within a human agentic context. It emerged from research on adolescents with disabilities, however has been increasingly applied to youth without disabilities. While comparability has been evaluated in youth with and without disabilities, it has not been explored across cultures. The purpose of this study was to explore the cross-cultural comparability of the fSDT in a sample of Italian and American adolescents. We were specifically interested in examining the universal aspects of the self-determination construct, as well as specific differences in the operationalisation of self-determination across cultures. The findings tentatively suggest that the construct of self-determination is comparable across Italian and American adolescents; however, there are specific differences in the measurement and operationalisation of self-determination across cultures. Directions for future research are discussed.
2016-12-22T18:37:00Z
2016-12-22T18:37:00Z
2013-07-04
Article
Ginevra, Maria Cristina, Laura Nota, Salvatore Soresi, Karrie A. Shogren, Michael L. Wehmeyer, and Todd D. Little. "A Cross-cultural Comparison of the Self-determination Construct in Italian and American Adolescents." International Journal of Adolescence and Youth 20.4 (2013): 501-17.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/22287
10.1080/02673843.2013.808159
openAccess
application/pdf
Taylor & Francis Open
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/232752019-04-12T14:23:27Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Comparison of biological specimens and DNA collection methods for PCR amplification and microarray analysis
Rethmeyer, Jasmine A.
Tan, Xiaoyu
Manzardo, Ann M.
Schroeder, Stephen R.
Butler, Merlin G.
2017-02-27T22:02:28Z
2017-02-27T22:02:28Z
2013-05-21
Article
Rethmeyer, Jasmine A., Xiaoyu Tan, Ann Manzardo, Stephen R. Schroeder, and Merlin G. Butler. "Comparison of Biological Specimens and DNA Collection Methods for PCR Amplification and Microarray Analysis." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 51.5 (2013): n. pag.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/23275
10.1515/cclm-2012-0429
openAccess
application/pdf
De Gruyter
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/308012021-10-28T19:54:20Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Striatal bases of temporal discounting in early adolescents
Hamilton, Kristen R.
Smith, Jason F.
Gonçalves, Stefanie F.
Nketia, Jazlyn A.
Tasheuras, Olivia N.
Yoon, Mark
Rubia, Katya
Chirles, Theresa J.
Lejuez, Carl W.
Shackman, Alexander J.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Steeper rates of temporal discounting—the degree to which smaller-sooner (SS) rewards are preferred over larger-later (LL) ones—have been associated with impulsive and ill-advised behaviors in adolescence. Yet, the underlying neural systems remain poorly understood. Here we used a well-established temporal discounting paradigm and functional MRI (fMRI) to examine engagement of the striatum—including the caudate, putamen, and ventral striatum (VS)—in early adolescence (13–15 years; N=27). Analyses provided evidence of enhanced activity in the caudate and VS during impulsive choice. Exploratory analyses revealed that trait impulsivity was associated with heightened putamen activity during impulsive choices. A more nuanced pattern was evident in the cortex, with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex mirroring the putamen and posterior parietal cortex showing the reverse association. Taken together, these observations provide an important first glimpse at the distributed neural systems underlying economic choice and trait-like individual differences in impulsivity in the early years of adolescence, setting the stage for prospective-longitudinal and intervention research.
NIH R00DA038589
NIH DA040717
NIH MH107444
2020-10-22T15:05:50Z
2020-10-22T15:05:50Z
2020-05-11
Article
Hamilton, K. R., Smith, J. F., Gonçalves, S. F., Nketia, J. A., Tasheuras, O. N., Yoon, M., Rubia, K., Chirles, T. J., Lejuez, C. W., & Shackman, A. J. (2020). Striatal bases of temporal discounting in early adolescents. Neuropsychologia, 144, 107492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107492
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30801
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107492
PMC7306428
© 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/243202019-04-12T14:18:14Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Cardiorespiratory fitness and preserved medial temporal lobe volume in Alzheimer's Disease
Honea, Robyn A.
Thomas, George Patrick, Jr.
Harsha, Amith
Anderson, Heather S.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Brooks, William M.
Burns, Jeffrey M.
Alzheimer Disease
Cardiorespiratory Fitness
Physical Activity
Hippocampus
Voxel-Based-Morphometry
APOE
Dementia
Aging
This is not the final published version.
Exercise and cardiorespiratory (CR) fitness may moderate age-related regional brain changes in nondemented older adults (ND). The relationship of fitness to Alzheimer's disease (AD) related brain change is understudied, particularly in the hippocampus which is disproportionately affected in early AD. The role of apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) genotype in modulating this relationship is also unknown. Nondemented (n=56) and early-stage AD subjects (n=61) over age 65 had MRI and CR fitness assessments. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) techniques were utilized to identify AD-related atrophy. We analyzed the relationship of CR fitness with white and gray matter within groups, assessed fitness-related brain volume change in areas most affected by AD-related atrophy, and then analyzed differential fitness-brain relationships between apoE4 carriers. Atrophy was present in the medial temporal, temporal, and parietal cortices in subjects with mild AD. There was a significant positive correlation of CR fitness with parietal and medial temporal volume in AD subjects. ND subjects did not have a significant relationship between brain volume and CR fitness in the global or SVC analyses. There was not a significant interaction for fitness × apoE4 genotype in either group. In early-stage AD, cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with regional brain volumes in the medial temporal and parietal cortices suggesting that maintaining cardiorespiratory fitness may modify AD-related brain atrophy.
2017-05-31T20:15:48Z
2017-05-31T20:15:48Z
2009
Article
Honea, R., Thomas, G. P., Harsha, A., Anderson, H. S., Donnelly, J. E., Brooks, W. M., & Burns, J. M. (2009). Cardiorespiratory fitness and preserved medial temporal lobe volume in Alzheimer’s Disease. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders, 23(3), 188–197. http://doi.org/10.1097/WAD.0b013e31819cb8a2
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24320
10.1097/WAD.0b013e31819cb8a2
PMC2760037
openAccess
application/pdf
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/242852019-04-12T14:18:10Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Diet Quality of Overweight and Obese Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disbilities as Measured by the Healthy Eating Index-2005
Ptomey, Lauren Taylor
Goetz, Jeannine
Lee, Jaehoon
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Sullivan, Debra K.
Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Developmental Disabilities
Diet Quality
Healthy Eating Index
Nutrition Status
BACKGROUND: Little research has been conducted to examine diet quality of overweight and obese adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in the United States. The purpose of this study was to determine diet quality, as measured by the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005), of overweight and obese adults with IDD. METHODS: Data were obtained from community-dwelling overweight individuals. 3-day food records were administered and completed with assistance by staff or family members and then reviewed by a dietitian. All records were analyzed and HEI-2005 was calculated using NDSR output. RESULTS: 178 records were analyzed from 70 subjects (28 male, 42 female; mean age 33.9 ±11.5 years). The mean energy intake was 1928 ± 891 kcals and the mean total HEI-2005 score was 46.7± 11.5. Participants scored the lowest in total fruits, whole grains, dark green and orange vegetables, non-hydrogenated vegetable oils, and sodium. Both male and females had diets deficient in fiber, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, folate, and potassium. Additionally men were deficient in vitamin K, and women were deficient in calcium. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and Obese adults with IDD had a lower HEI-2005 score compared to the general population and are at an increased risk of poor diet quality and nutritional deficiencies that could contribute to the development of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer and other health complications
2017-05-24T14:57:19Z
2017-05-24T14:57:19Z
2013-12-01
Article
Ptomey, L., Goetz, J., Lee, J., Donnelly, J., & Sullivan, D. (2013). Diet Quality of Overweight and Obese Adults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities as Measured by the Healthy Eating Index-2005. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 25(6), 10.1007/s10882–013–9339–z. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10882-013-9339-z
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24285
10.1007/s10882-013-9339-z
PMC3848605
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
openAccess
application/pdf
Springer Verlag
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/244852019-04-12T14:19:27Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Associations Between Temperament and Social Responsiveness in Young Children
Salley, Brenda
Miller, Angela
Bell, Martha Ann
Temperament
Social Responsiveness
Social Competence
Infant
Child
Individual Differences
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Salley, B., Miller, A. and Bell, M. A. (2013), Associations between Temperament and Social Responsiveness in Young Children. Inf. Child. Dev., 22: 270–288. doi:10.1002/icd.1785, which has been published in final form at http://doi.org/10.1002/icd.1785. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Recent research has demonstrated that social responsiveness (comprised of social awareness, social information processing, reciprocal social communication, social motivation, and repetitive/restricted interests) is continuously distributed within the general population. In the present study, we consider temperament as a co-occurring source of individual differences in social responsiveness in young children. The sample consisted of 62 infants assessed at 2-, 3-, and 4-years-old. Measures of temperament were obtained at each age (Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire, Children’s Behavior Questionnaire) and social responsiveness was measured at 4-years-old (Social Responsiveness Scale; SRS). Multivariate patterns of association between components of temperament and social responsiveness were observed at each age, with overall findings in line with the broader literature examining temperament and socio-development associations. Importantly, these results provide support for the usefulness of temperament as a relevant source of variability in social responsiveness, as measured by the SRS, in typically developing young children.
2017-06-13T16:41:29Z
2017-06-13T16:41:29Z
2013-05-01
Article
Salley, B., Miller, A. and Bell, M. A. (2013), Associations between Temperament and Social Responsiveness in Young Children. Inf. Child. Dev., 22: 270–288. doi:10.1002/icd.1785
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24485
10.1002/icd.1785
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-1873
PMC3779613
openAccess
application/pdf
Wiley
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/221392018-12-14T17:56:05Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Dose-Response of Aerobic Exercise on Cognition: A Community-Based, Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Vidoni, Eric D.
Johnson, David K.
Morris, Jill Kathleen
Van Sciver, Angela
Greer, Colby S.
Billinger, Sandra A.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Burns, Jeffrey M.
Epidemiological studies suggest a dose-response relationship exists between physical activity and cognitive outcomes. However, no direct data from randomized trials exists to support these indirect observations. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible relationship of aerobic exercise dose on cognition. Underactive or sedentary participants without cognitive impairment were randomized to one of four groups: no-change control, 75, 150, and 225 minutes per week of moderate-intensity semi-supervised aerobic exercise for 26-weeks in a community setting. Cognitive outcomes were latent residual scores derived from a battery of 16 cognitive tests: Verbal Memory, Visuospatial Processing, Simple Attention, Set Maintenance and Shifting, and Reasoning. Other outcome measures were cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen consumption) and measures of function functional health. In intent-to-treat (ITT) analyses (n = 101), cardiorespiratory fitness increased and perceived disability decreased in a dose-dependent manner across the 4 groups. No other exercise-related effects were observed in ITT analyses. Analyses restricted to individuals who exercised per-protocol (n = 77) demonstrated that Simple Attention improved equivalently across all exercise groups compared to controls and a dose-response relationship was present for Visuospatial Processing. A clear dose-response relationship exists between exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness. Cognitive benefits were apparent at low doses with possible increased benefits in visuospatial function at higher doses but only in those who adhered to the exercise protocol. An individual’s cardiorespiratory fitness response was a better predictor of cognitive gains than exercise dose (i.e., duration) and thus maximizing an individual’s cardiorespiratory fitness may be an important therapeutic target for achieving cognitive benefits.
2016-12-05T18:26:22Z
2016-12-05T18:26:22Z
2015-07-09
Article
Vidoni ED, Johnson DK, Morris JK, Van Sciver A, Greer CS, Billinger SA, et al. (2015) Dose-Response of Aerobic Exercise on Cognition: A Community-Based, Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. PLoS ONE 10(7): e0131647. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0131647
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/22139
10.1371/ journal.pone.0131647
© 2015 Vidoni et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Public Library of Science
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/151722019-04-12T14:47:32Zcom_1808_13529com_1808_238col_1808_13530col_1808_13429
Reasoning Exercises in Assisted Living: a cluster randomized trial to improve reasoning and everyday problem solving
Williams, Kristine
Herman, Ruth E.
Bontempo, Daniel E.
cognitive training
Assisted living
Self-care
Functional decline
© 2014 Williams et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License. The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is
properly attributed. Permissions beyond the scope of the License are administered by Dove Medical Press Limited. Information on how to request permission may be found at: http://www.dovepress.com/permissions.php
Purpose of the study
Assisted living (AL) residents are at risk for cognitive and functional declines that eventually reduce their ability to care for themselves, thereby triggering nursing home placement. In developing a method to slow this decline, the efficacy of Reasoning Exercises in Assisted Living (REAL), a cognitive training intervention that teaches everyday reasoning and problem-solving skills to AL residents, was tested.
Design and methods
At thirteen randomized Midwestern facilities, AL residents whose Mini Mental State Examination scores ranged from 19–29 either were trained in REAL or a vitamin education attention control program or received no treatment at all. For 3 weeks, treated groups received personal training in their respective programs.
Results
Scores on the Every Day Problems Test for Cognitively Challenged Elders (EPCCE) and on the Direct Assessment of Functional Status (DAFS) showed significant increases only for the REAL group. For EPCCE, change from baseline immediately postintervention was +3.10 (P<0.01), and there was significant retention at the 3-month follow-up (d=2.71; P<0.01). For DAFS, change from baseline immediately postintervention was +3.52 (P<0.001), although retention was not as strong. Neither the attention nor the no-treatment control groups had significant gains immediately postintervention or at follow-up assessments. Post hoc across-group comparison of baseline change also highlights the benefits of REAL training. For EPCCE, the magnitude of gain was significantly larger in the REAL group versus the no-treatment control group immediately postintervention (d=3.82; P<0.01) and at the 3-month follow-up (d=3.80; P<0.01). For DAFS, gain magnitude immediately postintervention for REAL was significantly greater compared with in the attention control group (d=4.73; P<0.01).
Implications
REAL improves skills in everyday problem solving, which may allow AL residents to maintain self-care and extend AL residency. This benefit is particularly important given the growing population of AL residents at risk for cognitive and self-care decline.
2014-09-26T14:41:28Z
2014-09-26T14:41:28Z
2014-06-25
Article
Williams, Kristine., Herman, Ruth., Bontempo, Daniel. "Reasoning Exercises in Assisted Living: a cluster randomized trial to improve reasoning and everyday problem solving." Dove Medical Press. June 25, 2014.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/15172
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4077388/pdf/cia-9-981.pdf
openAccess
application/pdf
Dove Medical Press
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/246962019-04-12T14:23:28Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Comparing Audio and Video Data for Rating Communication
Williams, Kristine
Herman, Ruth E.
Bontempo, Daniel E.
Audio data
Video data
Communication
Research methods
Gerontology
Video recording has become increasingly popular in nursing research, adding rich nonverbal, contextual, and behavioral information. However, benefits of video over audio data have not been well established. We compared communication ratings of audio versus video data using the Emotional Tone Rating Scale. Twenty raters watched video clips of nursing care and rated staff communication on 12 descriptors that reflect dimensions of person-centered and controlling communication. Another group rated audio-only versions of the same clips. Interrater consistency was high within each group with ICC (2,1) for audio = .91, and video = .94. Interrater consistency for both groups combined was also high with ICC (2,1) for audio and video = .95. Communication ratings using audio and video data were highly correlated. The value of video being superior to audio recorded data should be evaluated in designing studies evaluating nursing care.
2017-06-28T21:12:35Z
2017-06-28T21:12:35Z
2013-09
Article
Williams, K., Herman, R., & Bontempo, D. (2013). Comparing Audio and Video Data for Rating Communication. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 35(8), 1060–1073. http://doi.org/10.1177/0193945913484813
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24696
10.1177/0193945913484813
PMC3729744
openAccess
application/pdf
SAGE Publications
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/243672018-07-17T15:58:09Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Resistance training volume, energy balance and weight management: Rationale and design of a 9 month trial
Washburn, Richard A.
Donnelly, Joseph E.
Smith, Bryan K.
Marquis, Janet
Herrmann, Stephen D.
Resistance training
Weight management
Obesity
Training volume
Body composition
Gender
The increased prevalence of obesity and the lack of treatment success both argue for the design and evaluation of strategies to prevent the development of overweight and obesity. To date, the role of resistance training (RT) in this regard is largely unexplored. RT may be effective for weight management as a result of increased fat-free mass (FFM), which may result in increased resting metabolic rate and increased physical activity energy expenditure. However, the literature relative to the efficacy of RT protocols recommended for healthy adults to alter the aforementioned parameters is inconsistent or inadequately evaluated. We will conduct a 9 month randomized controlled efficacy trial to compare changes in body composition (fat mass, FFM, % body fat) and energy balance in response to 2 volumes of RT (1 vs. 3 sets vs. non-exercise control) both at the completion of training (9 months) and 1 year later (body composition). This investigation will be conducted in a sample of healthy, normal and overweight, sedentary, young adult men and women; a group at high risk for development of overweight and obesity. Our results will provide information relative to the minimum volume of RT that may be associated with body weight/fat gain which may inform the development of guidelines for RT to prevent weight gain or to alter body composition.
2017-06-05T17:41:13Z
2017-06-05T17:41:13Z
2012-01
Article
Washburn, R. A., Donnelly, J. E., Smith, B. K., Sullivan, D. K., Marquis, J., & Herrmann, S. D. (2012). Resistance training volume, energy balance and weight management: Rationale and design of a 9 month trial. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 33(4), 749–758. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2012.03.002
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24367
10.1016/j.cct.2012.03.002
PMC3361520
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
Elsevier
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/339852023-03-03T09:01:14Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Examination of the ADOS-2 Expressive Language Score in Fragile X Syndrome
Fielding-Gebhardt, Heather
Bredin-Oja, Shelley L.
Warren, Steven F.
Measurement
ADOS-2
Expressive language
The development of an expressive language score for people with autism based on the ADOS-2 was recently reported by Mazurek et al. (2019). The current study examined the construct validity of the ADOS-2 expressive language score (ELS) in a sample of adolescents with fragile X syndrome (n = 45, 10 girls), a neurodevelopmental disorder with high rates of autism symptomology. The ADOS-2 ELS showed strong convergent validity with multiple assessments of expressive language, receptive language, and nonverbal cognition. Divergent validity was demonstrated between the expressive language score and chronological age, symptoms of anxiety/depression, and rule-breaking behaviors. This expressive language score is a promising measure of expressive language ability that can be used in research when other language assessments are unavailable.
2023-03-02T18:58:47Z
2023-03-02T18:58:47Z
2021-04-28
Article
Fielding-Gebhardt, H., Bredin-Oja, S. L., & Warren, S. F. (2021). Examination of the ADOS-2 Expressive Language Score in Fragile X Syndrome. American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities, 126(3), 260–265. https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-126.3.260
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/33985
10.1352/1944-7558-126.3.260
PMC9584097
Copyright: AAIDD
openAccess
application/pdf
American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/134832015-02-23T19:02:51Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/180532018-07-13T16:53:02Zcom_1808_238col_1808_13429
Patterns of autism spectrum symptomatology in individuals with Down syndrome without comorbid autism spectrum disorder
Channell, Marie Moore
Phillips, B. Allyson
Loveall, Susan J.
Conners, Frances A.
Bussanich, Paige M.
Klinger, Laura Grofer
Down syndrome
Autism spectrum disorder
Comorbidity
Social communication
Intellectual disablity
Background
Prevalence estimates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Down syndrome (DS) are highly varied. This variation is partly due to the difficulty of screening for and diagnosing comorbid ASD in individuals with a syndrome that carries its own set of social communicative and behavioral difficulties that are not well documented. The aim of this study was to identify the typical range of social communicative impairments observed in children, adolescents, and young adults with DS who do not have comorbid ASD.
Methods
We examined patterns of scores from the five subscales of the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) in 46 individuals with DS (ages 10–21 years) without comorbid ASD relative to the published normative sample. We also explored the correlations between SRS symptomatology and age, nonverbal cognition, and receptive language.
Results
SRS scores were elevated (i.e., more ASD symptoms endorsed), with mean scores falling into the clinically significant range. Analysis by subscale revealed a specific pattern, with Autistic Mannerisms and Social Cognition scores significantly more elevated than Social Communication scores, which were significantly more elevated than Social Awareness and Social Motivation scores. Correlations between SRS scores and the other measures varied by subscale.
Conclusions
General elevated ASD symptomatology on the SRS indicates the need for developing population-based norms specific to DS. The pattern of scores across subscales should inform clinicians of the typical range of behaviors observed in DS so that individuals with atypical patterns of behavior can be more easily identified and considered for a full ASD evaluation.
2015-06-09T19:12:07Z
2015-06-09T19:12:07Z
2014-04-07
Article
Channell, Marie Moore, B. Allyson Phillips, Susan Loveall, Frances Conners, Paige M. Bussanich, and Laura Grofer Klinger. "Patterns of Autism Spectrum Symptomatology in Individuals with Down Syndrome without Comorbid Autism Spectrum Disorder." Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders 7.5 (2015): n. pag. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-7-5.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/18053
http://www.jneurodevdisorders.com/content/7/1/5
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
openAccess
application/pdf
BioMed Central
oai_dc///col_1808_13429/100