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Assessment of the State of the Practice of Rigid Inclusions Supported Structures in Transportation Applications
Lamsal, Sameep
Lamsal, Sameep
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Abstract
Rigid inclusions have become an increasingly used ground improvement technology in the U.S. due to their effectiveness in reducing settlement, increasing bearing capacity, and enhancing stability. With their increasing popularity over the years, various design methods have been developed to analyze rigid inclusion-supported embankments based on different assumptions.This study assessed the state of the practice of rigid inclusions used for embankment and structure support in transportation projects, including construction specifications, installation effects, and design methods for vertical load transfer. An internet survey was conducted to gather opinions from owners, engineers, and researchers about the state of the practice in the U.S. Evaluation of design methods was carried out by comparing the results calculated by four popular design methods: BS 8006-1, EBGEO, CUR226, and FHWA, for three key design parameters (load efficacy, differential settlement and reinforcement strain) with the experimental data available in the literature, which included twenty-two full-scale experiments and four model tests. The comparison revealed variations and inconsistencies of the calculated results among these design methods. Numerical analyses were also performed for two case studies and their results were compared with those by these design methods. Among these methods, CUR226 and FHWA methods comparatively performed better for all three design parameters, while EBGEO showed better results for load efficacy and differential settlement, and BS 8006-1 overestimated these parameters than other methods. The installation effects of the rigid inclusion on the existing adjacent structures were discussed based on a limited number of documented case studies. This study also summarized the special provisions obtained from four state DOTs for the rigid inclusions project.
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Date
2025-05-31
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University of Kansas
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This item contains archived web content.
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Keywords
Construction specification, Design methods, Differential settlement, FLAC 3D, Load efficacy, Rigid Inclusions