KUKU

KU ScholarWorks

  • myKU
  • Email
  • Enroll & Pay
  • KU Directory
    • Login
    View Item 
    •   KU ScholarWorks
    • Dissertations and Theses
    • Theses
    • View Item
    •   KU ScholarWorks
    • Dissertations and Theses
    • Theses
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Microtubules in hyaloclasts from the Hawaii Scientific Drilling Project #2 phase 1 core, Hilo, Hawaii: evidence of microbe-rock interactions

    Thumbnail
    View/Open
    Metevier_ku_0099M_11811_DATA_1.pdf (8.608Mb)
    Issue Date
    2011-12-31
    Author
    Metevier, Kimberly Elizabeth
    Publisher
    University of Kansas
    Format
    128 pages
    Type
    Thesis
    Degree Level
    M.S.
    Discipline
    Geology
    Rights
    This item is protected by copyright and unless otherwise specified the copyright of this thesis/dissertation is held by the author.
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Minute tubules etched into basalt glass in hyaloclastites from the Hawaii Scientific Drilling Project #2 (HSDP) phase 1 borehole are interpreted as trace fossils formed by microbes, i.e. microendolithic borings. Such borings are one to a few micrometers in diameter and up to >100 µm long; they extend into glass shards from free surfaces (broken shards, vesicles, fractures). Morphologic characterization of microendolithic borings quantitatively describes them for comparison with other occurrences and aids in understanding the interactions between microorganisms and basaltic glass that result in the dissolution of the glass. The first step in working with these features as trace fossils was to modify the ichnofabric index of Droser and Bottjer (1986) for use with minute features that extend into homogeneous material. The modification includes six semiquantitative classes of disruption and is scale-independent, applicable to any size feature. The second step was to apply the new microendolithic ichnofabric index (MII) to the HSDP samples. Analysis of the HSDP samples using the MII showed that the abundance of bioerosion varied throughout the core. Assigned MII values ranged from 1 to 3, average MII values ranged from 1 to 2.44, while the mean MII value of 1.2. Areas with the most bioerosion were located between 1,365.9 and 1,478.8 mbsl and a section of the core centered around 2,117.0 mbsl. The MII values of these locations ranged from 2 to 2.5. Areas with low bioerosion (all samples 100 µm long; they extend into glass shards from free surfaces (broken shards, vesicles, fractures). Morphologic characterization of microendolithic borings quantitatively describes them for comparison with other occurrences and aids in understanding the interactions between microorganisms and basaltic glass that result in the dissolution of the glass. The first step in working with these features as trace fossils was to modify the ichnofabric index of Droser and Bottjer (1986) for use with minute features that extend into homogeneous material. The modification includes six semiquantitative classes of disruption and is scale-independent, applicable to any size feature. The second step was to apply the new microendolithic ichnofabric index (MII) to the HSDP samples. Analysis of the HSDP samples using the MII showed that the abundance of bioerosion varied throughout the core. Assigned MII values ranged from 1 to 3, average MII values ranged from 1 to 2.44, while the mean MII value of 1.2. Areas with the most bioerosion were located between 1,365.9 and 1,478.8 mbsl and a section of the core centered around 2,117.0 mbsl. The MII values of these locations ranged from 2 to 2.5. Areas with low bioerosion (all samples <2) were located between 1,079.0 and 1,320.0 mbsl, 1,799.0 and 1,900.0 mbsl, and all depths below 2,500.0 mbsl. Lastly, such features as length, diameter, ornamentation, density, and complexity and tortuosity were measured to better describe the interactions between microorganisms and basaltic hyaloclastite media. The shortest measured 0.907 µm and the longest measured 129.22 µm. Lengths were approximately log-normally distributed with a geometric mean of 18.9 µm. The tortuosity of borings had a median of 1.29 with a range of 1.227 to 1.37. The least tortuous measured 1.22 and the most tortuous measured 16.46. This was one of the first attempts to quantify the range of morphology and density, of euendolithic microborings in basalt glass. This study extends the sampling scale for ichnological study to what is near the minimum size range of trace fossils. It demonstrates that trace fossil abundance does not simply decrease with depth in ocean islands, unlike basalts of oceanic crust, but varies, probably as a result of variation of the rate of accumulation of suitable substrates.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/1808/9815
    Collections
    • Geology Dissertations and Theses [232]
    • Theses [3828]

    Items in KU ScholarWorks are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.


    We want to hear from you! Please share your stories about how Open Access to this item benefits YOU.


    Contact KU ScholarWorks
    785-864-8983
    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    785-864-8983

    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    Image Credits
     

     

    Browse

    All of KU ScholarWorksCommunities & CollectionsThis Collection

    My Account

    LoginRegister

    Statistics

    View Usage Statistics

    Contact KU ScholarWorks
    785-864-8983
    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    785-864-8983

    KU Libraries
    1425 Jayhawk Blvd
    Lawrence, KS 66045
    Image Credits
     

     

    The University of Kansas
      Contact KU ScholarWorks
    Lawrence, KS | Maps
     
    • Academics
    • Admission
    • Alumni
    • Athletics
    • Campuses
    • Giving
    • Jobs

    The University of Kansas prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, ethnicity, religion, sex, national origin, age, ancestry, disability, status as a veteran, sexual orientation, marital status, parental status, gender identity, gender expression and genetic information in the University’s programs and activities. The following person has been designated to handle inquiries regarding the non-discrimination policies: Director of the Office of Institutional Opportunity and Access, IOA@ku.edu, 1246 W. Campus Road, Room 153A, Lawrence, KS, 66045, (785)864-6414, 711 TTY.

     Contact KU
    Lawrence, KS | Maps