Residential Treatment: A Review of the National Literature

Abstract

Though the evidence base for the effectiveness of residential treatment is still weak, three main components for increasing successful outcomes have emerged in the empirical literature. There is consistent evidence (1) for the need of family involvement in all aspects of treatment, (2) for the centrality of regular contacts between children and their families, and (3) for the importance of aftercare and support to maintain gains made in RT. Insights from families, youth, and professionals converge with these findings. Based on a review of the national literature, this report summarizes current trends, challenges, and knowledge; examines existing efforts to make RT more family-centered; and offers recommendations for best practices.