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Hearing Loss in Perinatally Human Immunodeficiency Virus- Infected and Human Immunodeficiency Virus -Exposed but Uninfected Children and Adolescents
Torre, Peter, III Zeldow, Bret Hoffman, Howard J. Buchanan, Ashley L. Siberry, George K. Rice, Mabel L. Sirois, Patricia A. Williams, Paige L.
Torre, Peter, III
Zeldow, Bret
Hoffman, Howard J.
Buchanan, Ashley L.
Siberry, George K.
Rice, Mabel L.
Sirois, Patricia A.
Williams, Paige L.
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Abstract
Background Little is known about hearing loss in children with HIV infection (HIV+). We examined the prevalence of hearing loss in perinatally HIV+ and HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) children, compared these to the percentage with hearing loss in the general population, and evaluated possible risk factors for hearing loss in HIV+ and HEU children. Methods Audiometric examinations were completed in children who met any pre-specified criteria for possible hearing loss. The hearing examination consisted of a tympanogram in each ear and pure-tone air-conduction threshold testing from 500 through 4000 Hz. Hearing loss was defined as the pure-tone average over these frequencies ≥20 dB hearing level (HL). The associations of demographic, parent/caregiver, HIV disease, and HIV treatment with hearing loss were evaluated with univariate and multivarible logistic regression models. Results Hearing testing was completed in 231 children (145 HIV+ and 86 HEU). Hearing loss occurred in 20.0% of HIV+ children and 10.5% of HEU children. After adjusting for caregiver education level, HIV infection was associated with increased odds of hearing loss [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=2.13, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.95–4.76, p=0.07]. Among HIV+ children, those with a CDC Class C diagnosis had over twice the odds of hearing loss (aOR=2.47, 95% CI: 1.04–5.87, p=0.04). The prevalence of hearing loss was higher in both HIV+ and HEU children compared with NHANES III children. Conclusions Hearing loss was more common in both HIV+ and HEU children than in healthy children. More advanced HIV illness increased the risk of hearing loss in HIV+ children.
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Date
2012-08
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Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins
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Torre, P., Zeldow, B., Hoffman, H. J., Buchanan, A., Siberry, G. K., Rice, M., … for the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study. (2012). Hearing Loss in Perinatally Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected and Human Immunodeficiency Virus -Exposed but Uninfected Children and Adolescents. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 31(8), 835–841. http://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0b013e31825b9524