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Effects of Token Manipulation on Conditioned Reinforcement Efficacy
Roberts, Breanna R
Roberts, Breanna R
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Abstract
Token economies have been extensively studied as an effective skill acquisition and behavior management strategy and can be used with a variety of populations. Researchers have shown that numerous factors may influence the effectiveness of token reinforcement arrangements (Hackenberg, 2018). Sleiman et al. (2020) evaluated the effects of one potentially influential factor – token manipulation – for three young children with ASD. Results showed higher rates of target responding during a no token-manipulation condition for one participant and no difference for the other two participants. The current study replicates and extends Sleiman et al. by evaluating the relative effects of token manipulation for children both with and without developmental disabilities and by examining the extent to which physically manipulating tokens is associated with handling costs that may influence target responding (e.g., engagement in behavior incompatible with the target response, delays to task reorientation after receiving a token, etc.). To date, five children have participated in the current study. Results showed higher rates of target responding during the no token manipulation condition for one participant, and no difference for two participants. These results are similar to Sleiman et al. (2020). However, tokens did not function as reinforcers for task completion for the other two participants. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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Date
2022-12-31
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University of Kansas
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Keywords
Behavioral sciences, Reinforcer efficacy, Schedule of reinforcement, Token economy, Token reinforcement