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Discounting of Hyper-Palatable Food and Money and its Association with Food Addiction Symptomology
Bellitti, Joseph Salvatore
Bellitti, Joseph Salvatore
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Abstract
Background: Delay discounting (DD) is a construct that characterizes the degree to which individuals discount delayed rewards in favor of smaller, immediate rewards. A robust literature base has established an association between elevated DD and substance use behavior. However, the role of DD in food addiction (FA), considered addictive behavior with food as the target substance, has not been examined. Using discounting tasks that presented choices between hyper-palatable foods (HPF) and money, this study aimed to determine whether a greater willingness to wait for HPF when available at a delay, and a greater willingness to choose HPF when available immediately were associated with greater symptoms of FA. Single commodity task discounting conditions presented choices between amounts of HPF or money as the commodity (e.g., HPF now vs HPF later). Cross commodity conditions presented choices between money and HPF commodities (e.g., money now vs HPF later; HPF now vs money later).Methods: A general population sample of US adults (N = 296) completed a computerized DD task and the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression models were constructed to test whether DD in various single and cross commodity conditions was associated with greater FA symptomology. Results indicated there were no significant associations between the DD of HPF or money in single or cross commodity conditions with FA symptoms (p values= 0.106 to 0.582). However, there was a significant association between the DD rate in the single commodity money condition and FA symptoms (OR = 0.89; CI = .73-1.01; p = 0.04), indicating the tendency to choose smaller amounts of money immediately was associated with an 11% reduction in the odds of having zero FA symptoms, relative to chance.Conclusion: Overall, study findings do not support the premise that a preference for immediate HPF and a willingness to wait for larger amounts of HPF are associated with FA symptomology. Thus, our findings suggest choice impulsivity for HPF may not be a key behavioral feature among individuals who endorse greater FA symptoms.
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2023-05-31
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University of Kansas
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959913_1.pdf
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Clinical psychology, Cross Commodity, Delay Discounting, Discounting, Food Addiction, Hyper-palatable food