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Baseline tetracycline and tetracycline resistance levels in perennial, wadeable streams of Kansas and Nebraska
Everhart, Robert Christopher
Everhart, Robert Christopher
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Abstract
Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance are emerging contaminants. Tetracyclines are common antibiotics with a well known mode of action and multiple resistance determinants. Water column samples were collected from 22 streams in Kansas and Nebraska in conjunction with a USEPA probability-based study of perennial, wadeable streams. Tetracyclines were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were used to enumerate 16S-rRNA, tetW, tetQ, and tetO. TetW, tetQ, and tetO were highly correlated (r2 > 0.80, p 0.80, p tetW levels were significantly different between Kansas and Nebraska. Based on probability, approximately 20% of Kansas and Nebraska streams are predicted to have observable levels of tetracyclines, tetW, tetQ, and tetO. Findings suggest an ambient reservoir of tetracycline resistance genes and favorable conditions for resistance selection.
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Date
2009-12-04
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University of Kansas
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Keywords
Environmental engineering, Environmental sciences, 16s-rrna, Antibiotic resistance, Teto, Tetq, Tetracycline, Tetw