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Re-Analyzing Olmec Archaeology: Evaluating Materials from Robert J. Squier's 1964 Excavations at La Venta, Tabasco, Mexico
Berning, Grant Ellis
Berning, Grant Ellis
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Abstract
Re-analysis of older, scientifically excavated collections using new methods offers a unique opportunity to extend the merits of past archaeological research. This study evaluates the potential for future research of the 1964 La Venta collection excavated by Robert J. Squier and curated by the Biodiversity Institute of the University of Kansas. It focuses on materials from Pit C-1964, one of four units, comprising over 7,500 ceramic and lithic artifacts including obsidian and ground stone. The four principal objectives were: 1) evaluating theoretical characterizations of Olmec culture, including identification the Olmec as the earliest and most influential complex society in Mesoamerica, 2) analyzing different categories of materials to answer specific research questions pertaining to each, 3) addressing the current state of Olmec archaeology and issues associated with collection preservation and management, and 4) making recommendations for future researchers. Methodologies included: 1) sourcing of obsidian artifacts, 2) radiocarbon dating, 3) organic residue analysis, and 4) sourcing of bitumen. This approach has resulted in new information with valuable implications for understanding Olmec culture.
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Date
2016-08-31
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University of Kansas
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Keywords
Archaeology, Obsidian, Olmec