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Online Learning From Input Versus Offline Memory Evolution in Adult Word Learning: Effects of Neighborhood Density and Phonologically Related Practice
Storkel, Holly L. Bontempo, Daniel E. Pak, Natalie S.
Storkel, Holly L.
Bontempo, Daniel E.
Pak, Natalie S.
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Abstract
Purpose. This study investigates adult word learning to determine how neighborhood density and practice across phonologically-related training sets influence on-line learning from input during training versus off-line memory evolution during no-training gaps.
Method. Sixty-one adults were randomly assigned to learn low or high density nonwords. Within
each density condition, participants were trained on one set of words and then were trained on a
second set of words, consisting of phonological neighbors of the first set. Learning was measured
in a picture-naming test. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling and spline regression.
Results. Steep learning during input was observed, with new words from dense neighborhoods and new words that were neighbors of recently learned words (i.e., second set words) being learned better than other words. In terms of memory evolution, large and significant forgetting was observed during 1-week gaps in training. Effects of density and practice during memory evolution were opposite of those during input. Specifically, forgetting was greater for high density and second set words than for low density and first set words.
Conclusion. High phonological similarity, regardless of source (i.e., known words or recent
training), appears to facilitate on-line learning from input but seems to impede off-line memory
evolution.
Description
This is the author's accepted manuscript. The original publication is available at http://jslhr.pubs.asha.org/article.aspx?articleid=1851189
Date
2014
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American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
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Keywords
Vocabulary, Word learning, Input, Memory evolution, Clinical treatment
Citation
Storkel, Holly L., Daniel E. Bontempo, and Natalie S. Pak. "Online Learning From Input Versus Offline Memory Evolution in Adult Word Learning: Effects of Neighborhood Density and Phonologically Related Practice." J Speech Lang Hear Res Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research 57.5 (2014): 1708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2014_JSLHR-L-13-0150.