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Biophysical Mechanisms of the Neutralization of Endotoxins by Lipopolyamines
Sil, Diptesh Heinbockel, Lena Kaconis, Yani Rössle, Manfred Garidel, Thomas David, Sunil A. Brandenburg, Klaus
Sil, Diptesh
Heinbockel, Lena
Kaconis, Yani
Rössle, Manfred
Garidel, Thomas
David, Sunil A.
Brandenburg, Klaus
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Abstract
Endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides, LPS) are one of the strongest immunostimulators in nature, responsible for beneficial effects at low, and pathophysiological effects at high concentrations, the latter frequently leading to sepsis and septic shock associated with high mortality in critical care settings. There are no drugs specifically targeting the pathophysiology of sepsis, and new therapeutic agents are therefore urgently needed. The lipopolyamines are a novel class of small molecules designed to sequester and neutralize LPS. To understand the mechanisms underlying the binding and neutralization of LPS toxicity, we have performed detailed biophysical analyses of the interactions of LPS with candidate lipopolyamines which differ in their potencies of LPS neutralization. We examined gel-to-liquid crystalline phase behavior of LPS and of its supramolecular aggregate structures in the absence and presence of lipopolyamines, the ability of such compounds to incorporate into different membrane systems, and the thermodynamics of the LPS:lipopolyamine binding. We have found that the mechanisms which govern the inactivation process of LPS obey similar rules as found for other active endotoxin neutralizers such as certain antimicrobial peptides.
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Date
2013-09-30
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Bentham Open
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Keywords
Endotoxins, Lipopolysaccharide, Lipopolyamines, Sepsis, Inflammation
Citation
Sil, Diptesh, Lena Heinbockel, Yani Kaconis, Manfred Rossle, Patrick Garidel, Thomas Gutsmann, Sunil A David, and Klaus Brandenburg. 2013. “Biophysical Mechanisms of the Neutralization of Endotoxins by Lipopolyamines.” The Open Biochemistry Journal 7 : 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874091X01307010082