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The feasibility of ultrasound-assisted endovascular laser thrombolysis in an acute rabbit thrombosis model
Singh, Rohit Jo, Janggun Riegel, Matthew Forrest, M. Laird Yang, Xinmai
Singh, Rohit
Jo, Janggun
Riegel, Matthew
Forrest, M. Laird
Yang, Xinmai
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Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to test the feasibility of combined ultrasound and laser technique, namely, ultrasound-assisted endovascular laser thrombolysis (USELT), for thrombolysis by conducting in vivo tests in a rabbit thrombosis model.
Materials and methods
An acute thrombus was created in the right jugular vein of rabbit and then was treated with ultrasound only, laser only, and USELT to dissolve the blood clot. A total of 20 rabbits were used. Out of which, the first three rabbits were used to titrate the laser and ultrasound parameters. Then, five rabbits were treated with ultrasound only, five rabbits were treated with laser only, and seven rabbits were treated with USELT. During USELT, 532-nm laser pulses were delivered endovascularly directly to the clot through a fiber optic, and 0.5 MHz ultrasound pulses were applied noninvasively to the same region. A laser fluence of 4 to 12 mJ/cm2 and ultrasound amplitude of 1 to 2 MPa were used. Recanalization of the jugular vein was assessed by performing ultrasound Doppler imaging immediately after the treatment. The maximum blood flow speed after the treatment as compared to its value before the treatment was used to calculate the blood flow recovery in vessel.
Results
The blood flow was fully recovered (100%) in three rabbits, partially recovered in two rabbits (more than 50% and less than 100%) with mean percentage recovery of 69.73% and poorly recovered in two rabbits (<50%) with mean percentage recovery of 6.2% in the USELT group. In contrast, the treatment group with ultrasound or laser alone did not show recanalization of vein in any case, all the five rabbits were poorly/not recovered with a mean percentage recovery of 0%.
Conclusions
The USELT technology was shown to effectively dissolve the blood clots in an acute rabbit jugular vein thrombosis model.
Description
This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Singh, Rohit et al. “The feasibility of ultrasound-assisted endovascular laser thrombolysis in an acute rabbit thrombosis model.” Medical physics vol. 48,8 (2021): 4128-4138. doi:10.1002/mp.15068, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.15068. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.
Date
2021-07-02
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Wiley
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Keywords
Non-invasive ultrasound thrombolysis, Endovascular laser thrombolysis, Rabbit thrombosis model, Cavitation
Citation
Singh, Rohit et al. “The feasibility of ultrasound-assisted endovascular laser thrombolysis in an acute rabbit thrombosis model.” Medical physics vol. 48,8 (2021): 4128-4138. doi:10.1002/mp.15068