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Quantitative Evaluation of the Damage to RC Buildings Caused 1 by the 2023 South-East Turkey Earthquake Sequence
Pujol, Santiago BEDIRHANOGLU, IDRIS Donmez, Cemalettin Dowgala, Jeffrey D. ERYILMAZ YILDIRIM, Meltem Klaboe, Kari Köroğlu, Fahri Baran Lequesne, Rémy D. OZTURK, Baki Pledger, Liam
Pujol, Santiago
BEDIRHANOGLU, IDRIS
Donmez, Cemalettin
Dowgala, Jeffrey D.
ERYILMAZ YILDIRIM, Meltem
Klaboe, Kari
Köroğlu, Fahri Baran
Lequesne, Rémy D.
OZTURK, Baki
Pledger, Liam
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Abstract
Data from 15 earthquakes that occurred in 12 different countries are presented showing that, without better drift control, structures built with building codes allowing large seismic drifts are likely to keep leaving a wide wake of damage ranging from cracked partitions to building overturning. Following the earthquake sequence affecting South-East Turkey in 2023, a team led by Committee 133 of the American Concrete Institute surveyed nearly 250 reinforced concrete buildings in the area extending from Antakya to Malatya. Buildings ranging from 2 to 16 stories were surveyed to assess their damage and evaluate the robustness of their structures in relation to overall stiffness, as measured by the relative cross-sectional areas of structural walls and columns. The majority of the buildings were estimated to have been built in the past 10 years. Yet, the structures surveyed were observed to have amounts of structural walls and columns comparable with amounts reported after the Erzincan (1992), Duzce (1999), and Bingol (2003) Earthquakes in Turkey These amounts are, on average, much smaller than the wall and column amounts used in Chile and Japan. Because of that lack of robustness and given the intensities of the motions reported from Antakya to Malatya (with 10 stations with PGV of 100 cm/s or more), it is concluded that structures in this region experienced large drifts. Excessive drift 1) exposed a myriad of construction and detailing problems leading to severe structural damage and collapse, 2) induced overturning caused by p-delta for some buildings, and 3) caused widespread damage to brittle masonry partitions. The main lesson is simple: ductility is necessary but not sufficient. It is urgent that seismic drift limits are tightened in high-seismicity regions worldwide.
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Date
2024-02-01
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Earthquake Spectra
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2024 Pujol et al..pdf
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Keywords
Priority index, Walls index, Column index, Non-structural damage, Peak ground velocity
Citation
Pujol, S., Bedirhanoflu, I., Donmez, C., Dowgala, J. D., Eryilmaz Yildirim, M., Klaboe, K., Koroglu, F. B., Lequesne, R. D., Ozturk, B., Pledger, L., & Sonmez, E., (2024). Quantitative Evaluation of the Damage to RC Buildings Caused by 2023 South-East Turkey Earthquake Sequence. Earthquake Spectra, 40(1), 505-530. doi: 10.1177/87552930231211208