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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOOD SECURITY STATUS AND DIETARY INTAKE AND WEIGHT FLUCTUATIONS WITHIN INDIVIDUALS WITH SERIOUS MENTAL ILLNESS
Taylor, Lauren Olivia
Taylor, Lauren Olivia
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Abstract
Food insecurity is a serious health issue that can lead to many health consequences, including poor nutritional intake and obesity. Individuals with serious mental illness may be susceptible to food insecurity and the accompanying health consequences. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of food insecurity on nutritional intake and to determine if food insecure individuals with serious mental illness experience a cyclic overconsumption pattern that leads to weight gain. Twenty-two individuals with serious mental illness, 9 of whom were food insecure and 13 of whom were food secure, completed the 8-week study. All subjects completed the U.S. Household Food Security Questionnaire to determine food security status. Weight was measured weekly, and dietary recalls were taken at the beginning and end of each month (at weeks 1, 4, 5, and 8). The healthy eating index (HEI) was used to determine diet quality. All dietary recalls were entered into NDSR and HEI, and energy intake was determined at each time point. A general mixed modeling analysis that accounts for dependence among observations was used for analysis. A significant decrease in weight over time was found as well as a significant decrease in energy intake from the beginning of the month to the end of the month in both the food secure and food insecure groups. There was no significant difference in HEI and macronutrient consumption across the month. There was also no significant difference between groups in weight, energy intake, HEI, or macronutrient consumption. Both the food secure and food insecure groups scored lower than the average American's HEI score of 58.2 at both the beginning and end of the month. These findings suggest that all individuals with serious mental illness may have trouble acquiring and keeping a constant and nutritionally adequate food supply throughout the month and may benefit from classes teaching them how to grocery shop for low cost nutritional foods, how to better budget money, how to maintain their food supply, and how to cook with the foods that they do have as well as simple cooking methods.
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Date
2011-01-01
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University of Kansas
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Keywords
Nutrition, Food insecurity, Healthy eating index, Serious mental illness, Weight