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Asymmetric conformations of cleaved HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimers in styrene-maleic acid lipid nanoparticles
Wang, Kunyu Zhang, Shijian Go, Eden P. Ding, Haitao Wang, Wei Li Nguyen, Hanh T. Kappes, John C. Desaire, Heather Sodroski, Joseph Mao, Youdong
Wang, Kunyu
Zhang, Shijian
Go, Eden P.
Ding, Haitao
Wang, Wei Li
Nguyen, Hanh T.
Kappes, John C.
Desaire, Heather
Sodroski, Joseph
Mao, Youdong
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Abstract
During virus entry, the pretriggered human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimer initially transits into a default intermediate state (DIS) that remains structurally uncharacterized. Here, we present cryo-EM structures at near-atomic resolution of two cleaved full-length HIV-1 Env trimers purified from cell membranes in styrene-maleic acid lipid nanoparticles without antibodies or receptors. The cleaved Env trimers exhibited tighter subunit packing than uncleaved trimers. Cleaved and uncleaved Env trimers assumed remarkably consistent yet distinct asymmetric conformations, with one smaller and two larger opening angles. Breaking conformational symmetry is allosterically coupled with dynamic helical transformations of the gp41 N-terminal heptad repeat (HR1N) regions in two protomers and with trimer tilting in the membrane. The broken symmetry of the DIS potentially assists Env binding to two CD4 receptors—while resisting antibody binding—and promotes extension of the gp41 HR1 helical coiled-coil, which relocates the fusion peptide closer to the target cell membrane.
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Date
2023-05-18
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Nature Research
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Keywords
Cryoelectron microscopy, Virus structures
Citation
Wang, K., Zhang, S., Go, E.P. et al. Asymmetric conformations of cleaved HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimers in styrene-maleic acid lipid nanoparticles. Commun Biol 6, 535 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-04916-w