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THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG EXERCISE MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS, SELF-MOTIVATION, AND EXERCISE ADHERENCE IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Hiller, Gloria Ann
Hiller, Gloria Ann
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Abstract
The purpose of this descriptive study was to determine whether there were differences in exercise motivational factors between individuals who regularly participated in aerobic exercise and those who did not. The sample consisted of 63 subjects, all of whom had coronary heart disease diagnosed at least one year previously. The subjects completed three questionnaires: a Biographical Data and Activity Level Questionnaire, an Exercise Motivation Questionnaire (EMQ), and the Self-Motivation Inventory (SMI) by Dishman and Ickes (1981). The EMQ scores were subdivided according to each of Maslow's (1943a) five levels: physiologic, safety, love/belongingness, self-respect, and self-actualization. The hypothesis stated that individuals who participate in regular aerobic exercise would demonstrate no statistically significant difference on scores for the EMQ, for each of the EMQ subscales, and for the SMI score when compared to individuals who did not exercise. It was also hypothesized that participation in a Phase II cardiac rehabilitation program would have no effect on long-term exercise habits. A !-test was performed to determine the differences between exercisers and non-exercisers on total score on the EMQ, on each of the five EMQ subscales, and on the SMI. Analysis of the data revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between exercise participation and exercise motivational factors associated with needs by the participants in the realm of physiologic needs (p = .0120), self-respect needs (p = .0080), and self-actualization (p = .0163). There was no statistically significant difference between exercise participation and needs operating at the level of safety (p = .6822) or love/belongingness (p = .0738), or between exercise participation and self-motivation scores (p = .2139). Chi-square analysis was utilized to determine that there was no statistically significant difference in exercise participation between subjects who had a Phase II cardiac rehabilitation program and those who had not. Recommendations stemming from this study included stressing the physiologic benefits of exercise in patient education programs and providing feedback on changes in cardio-vascular fitness. In addition, cardiac rehabilitation nurses are encouraged to praise individual accomplishments and provide fun and variety to exercise programs.
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1985-11-08
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hiller_1986_980644.pdf
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