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Geographic and ecologic distributions of the *Anopheles gambiae* complex predicted using a genetic algorithm
Levine, Rebecca S. Peterson, A. Townsend Benedict, Mark Q.
Levine, Rebecca S.
Peterson, A. Townsend
Benedict, Mark Q.
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Abstract
The distribution of the Anopheles gambiae complex of malaria vectors in Africa is uncertain due to
under-sampling of vast regions. We use ecologic niche modeling to predict the potential distribution of three members
of the complex (A. gambiae, A. arabiensis, and A. quadriannulatus) and demonstrate the statistical significance of the
models. Predictions correspond well to previous estimates, but provide detail regarding spatial discontinuities in the
distribution of A. gambiae s.s. that are consistent with population genetic studies. Our predictions also identify large
areas of Africa where the presence of A. arabiensis is predicted, but few specimens have been obtained, suggesting
under-sampling of the species. Finally, we project models developed from African distribution data for the late 1900s
into the past and to South America to determine retrospectively whether the deadly 1929 introduction of A. gambiae
sensu lato into Brazil was more likely that of A. gambiae sensu stricto or A. arabiensis.
Description
Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 70(2), 2004, pp. 105–109
Copyright © 2004 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
105
http://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/reprint/70/2/105
Date
2004-02
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American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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Levine, R. S., A. T. Peterson, and M. Q. Benedict. 2004b. Geographic and ecologic distributions of the Anopheles gambiae complex predicted using a genetic algorithm. American Journal of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene 70:105-109.