Loading...
Personality Measures as Predictors of Bariatric Surgery Outcomes: An Evaluation of Self-Report and Interview-Based Personality Ratings
Punt, Stephanie
Punt, Stephanie
Citations
Altmetric:
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity treatment in United States medical clinics has yet to exert a major impact on obesity rates and obesity-related co-morbidity. Bariatric surgery is an increasingly widespread procedure that alters an individual’s digestive system to facilitate weight loss. Despite the efficacy of bariatric surgery, weight regain remains common after the procedure. Short- and long-term post-operative weight loss outcomes can be adversely affected by disordered mood, eating behaviors, and personality features. In order to mitigate negative outcomes, psychosocial evaluations are used to help assess potential risk factors that may compromise post-surgical outcomes. The present study aims to investigate the degree to which clinical personality features and psychopathology (measured by the Personality Assessment Inventory, PAI) predict acute bariatric surgery outcomes. Additionally, it is the first known prospectively designed study to investigate the construct validity of the SIPAT within a bariatric population, and to test the incremental predictive validity of the SIPAT regarding acute bariatric post-surgical outcomes. Methods: A total of 292 adult patients underwent a psychosocial evaluation for bariatric surgery (e.g., Ruen-Y bypass or gastric sleeve procedure) between November 2017 and February 2020, at the University of Kansas Medical Center in Kansas City, Kansas. Average age at time of psychosocial evaluation was 45.2 (11.3) years and 83.3% of patients were female (n=244). Of these patients, 160 patients had received bariatric surgery at time of study analyses. Multiple regression models were conducted in R to assess the aforementioned aims. Significance was set at alpha =.01 to correct for multiple comparisons. Results: Personality pathology, as indicated by an index of clinically elevated PAI scales, was associated with significantly lower likelihood of patients receiving bariatric surgery. But none of the study personality or psychopathology variables yielded significant prediction of acute post-surgical outcomes (weight change or complications) across the first 90 days of follow-up. Overall, I observed some support for construct validity of the SIPAT, inasmuch as its respective domains correlated significantly with associated constructs on the PAI and PROMIS 43. The SIPAT did not predict acute post-surgical weight change. Conclusion: Maladaptive personality traits and psychopathology may be associated with a patient being less likely to receive bariatric surgery, however, more evidence is need to assess whether these indicators predict poor patient adherence to behaviors that promote weight loss. Future studies will need to refine statistic methods and pre-surgical protocols. The SIPAT may be a useful tool to help differentiate patients for surgical candidacy, but may not be useful in predicting acute post-surgical outcomes.
Description
Date
2022-08-31
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
University of Kansas
Collections
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Keywords
Clinical psychology, health psychology, outcomes, psychosocial evalautions, SIPAT, surgery, weight loss