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Source-dependent frequency content of ultrashallow seismic reflection data
Baker, Gregory S. Steeples, Don W. Schmeissner, Chris M. Spikes, Kyle T.
Baker, Gregory S.
Steeples, Don W.
Schmeissner, Chris M.
Spikes, Kyle T.
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Abstract
Seismic surveying within the upper few meters of the Earth's shallow subsurface requires a high-frequency source. To ascertain the important features of such sources, experiments were conducted at test sites in central and eastern Kansas using various impulsive seismic sources (4.5-kg hammer, 30.06 rifle, and .22-caliber rifle) to examine the effects of minimizing source energy on the frequency content of reflection data. Results indicate that the higher energy near-surface seismic-reflection sources (e.g., sledgehammer, large-caliber projectiles) lack some of the high-frequency energy exhibited by smaller sources, precluding the detection of reflection signal from ultrashallow depths (<3 m) at the sites tested. At the test site in eastern Kansas, the .22-caliber rifle yielded more energy above 250 Hz than either the sledgehammer or 30.06 rifle. At the test site in central Kansas, where three reflective interfaces shallower than 3 m exist, the .22-caliber rifle with subsonic ammunition yielded the largest amount of energy at frequencies above 300 Hz and produced the best data.
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This is the publisher's version, also available electronically from "bssa.geoscienceworld.org".
Date
2000-04-01
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Seismological Society of America
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Baker, G., Steeples, D., Schmeissner, C., & Spikes, K. (2000). Source-Dependent Frequency Content of Ultrashallow Seismic Reflection Data. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 90(2), 494-499.