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Microsphere-Based Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Using Sub-critical CO2 as a Sintering Agent

Singh, Milind
Sandhu, Brindar
Scurto, Aaron M.
Berkland, Cory J.
Detamore, Michael S.
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Abstract
Shape-specific, macroporous tissue engineering scaffolds were fabricated and homogeneously seeded with cells in a single step. This method brings together CO2 polymer processing and microparticle-based scaffolds in a manner that allows each to solve the key limitation of the other. Specifically, microparticle-based scaffolds have suffered from the limitation that conventional microsphere sintering methods (e.g., heat, solvents) are not cytocompatible, yet we have shown that cell viability was sustained with sub-critical (i.e., gaseous) CO2 sintering of microspheres in the presence of cells at near-ambient temperatures. On the other hand, the fused microspheres provided the pore interconnectivity that has eluded supercritical CO2 foaming approaches. Here, fused poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microsphere scaffolds were seeded with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells to demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing these matrices for cartilage regeneration. We also demonstrated that the approach may be modified to produce thin cell-loaded patches as a promising alternative for skin tissue engineering applications.
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Date
2010-01
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Publisher
Elsevier
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Keywords
Microspheres, Sub-critical CO2, Sintering, Cell-loaded implants, Cartilage tissue engineering
Citation
Singh, M., Sandhu, B., Scurto, A., Berkland, C., & Detamore, M. S. (2010). Microsphere-Based Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Using Sub-critical CO2 as a Sintering Agent. Acta Biomaterialia, 6(1), 137–143. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2009.07.042
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