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Publication Obstacles to Collectivization Among Indigenous Communities: Two Venezuelan Cases(Department of Sociology, University of Kansas, 1988-01-01) Gouveia, LourdesState-sponsored programs of collectivization continue to gf!nerate a great deal of theory and policy debates. When Indian communities are involved inl such national programs, the debate acquires newer and even more complex dimensions which have not yet been adequately addre..ssed. In this paper, I examine a program of collective Empresas Indigenas organized in Venezuela in the early 1970s with particular focus on two of those empresas, Iargue that pre-existing forms of economic and social organization (whether traditional or inherited) are not necessarily contradictory with more compex forms of cooperation in production. In fact, these pre-existing arrangements often represent an important foundation for the transition to higher forms of collectivization. However this is not an automatic process and much depends on the particular approach that is used to effect the transition, as well as on contingent; external forces which impinge upon the development of these cooperatives.Publication The Social Psychology of Driving Behavior: Communicative Aspects of Joint-Action(Department of Sociology, University of Kansas, 1988-01-01) Swan, L. Alex; Owens, M. BelindaThis paper identifies destiny-drivers, casual-cautious drivers, and socialoccasion drivers, as the primary participations in the driving environment, and argues that accidents occur when there is a breakdown in establishing joint-action" among and between these drivers. Leftlaners are also discussed within the context of the above designated drivers, and another potentially dangerous driver; the meditator, is introduced. The meditator is one who, for a variety of reasons, has some unresolved issue in contemplation. Other drivers emerging in the driving environment are dining-room, powder-room, library, and indicator drivers.Publication Mid-American Review of Sociology, Volume 13, Number 1 (WINTER, 1988): Book Review(Department of Sociology, University of Kansas, 1988-01-01) Kachel, DouglasPublication Employee Ownership, Control of Pension Funds, and Industrial Democracy in the United States(Department of Sociology, University of Kansas, 1988-01-01) Knapp, TimPublication Mid-American Review of Sociology, Volume 13, Number 1 (WINTER, 1988): Back Matter(Department of Sociology, University of Kansas, 1988-01-01)Publication Mid-American Review of Sociology, Volume 13, Number 1 (WINTER, 1988): Front Matter(Department of Sociology, University of Kansas, 1988-01-01)Publication NATIONAl CHARACTER STUDIES OF JAPANESE(Department of Sociology, University of Kansas, 1988-01-01) Kato, RyokoIn this paper, I suggest that the national character studies of Japanese have largely been focused on cultural explanations. Thus, they share the weaknesses attributed to this approach. After a review of the literature on Japanese national character some possible future directions are suggested.Publication Mid-American Review of Sociology, Volume 13, Number 1 (WINTER, 1988): Book Reviews(Department of Sociology, University of Kansas, 1988-01-01) Azedi, ShahrokhPublication The Effects of Working Nontraditional Hours On Life Satisfaction(Department of Sociology, University of Kansas, 1988-01-01) Redmond, Cleve R.One of the central features of modern society is the synchronization of activity that permits it to operate. As noted by Hawley (1950:288-316) and Moore ("1963:117-122), there are well-defined cycles of activity around which our culture is organized. One of the most important of these is the daily business cycle about which most of our lives are arranged. It is hypothesized that maintaining nontraditional daily routines will have negative consequences for the individual. Due to the low status and income characteristics generally associated with nighttime occupations, lack of access to career-enhancing contacts, isolation from socioemotional support networks, and physical stress from variable daily rout ines and rest interruptions, it is believed that nighttime workers will exhibit lower socioeconomic status and lower life satisfaction than persons maintaining traditional daily routines. This research will use data from a national time-use study to focus on the relationship between nighttime employment and life satisfaction.